284 BOVINE OBSTETRICS 



execution of this complete embryotomy usually takes about 

 two and one half hours. 



Kruyt's small hook is 60 cm. long, its segmeut being 4 cm. 

 wide. 



The forceps is 86 cm. long, the long handles are 68 cm. 

 long and about 3 : 1.5 cm. wide. The short handles are 18 cm. 

 long and 2.75 : 1.5 cm. wide. The slightly curved sharp jaws 

 have a length of 8.5 cm. and are at a right angle to the thinnest 

 side of the shortest handles. 



THE METHOD AT THE VETERINARY SCHOOL AT UTRECHT. 



My esteemed predecessor and teacher, "Weitzel, followed 

 a method for complete embiyotomy on the phantom and in 

 practice, which was modified later in practice but nevertheless 

 must be looked upon as the most rational operation. This 

 method, somewhat modified by me, is as follows : 



Presentation of the calf. — Head and fore legs drawn firmly 

 into and usually wedged in the pelvic canal. 



Modus operandi. — The calf is repelled, the head turned 

 laterally against the thorax. The leg to be amputated is 

 drawn as far as possible beyond the vulva and fixed. This 

 fore leg and the other one are removed subcutaneous! y in the 

 manner already described. The head is adjusted, diverted 

 into the pelvic canal and pulled out of the vulva by means of a 

 loop around the lower jaw or a hook in the internal canthus of 

 the eye. 



The head may now be skinned outside the vulva, one 

 incision being made along the nose and skull and one between 

 the branches of the lower jaw. After exarticulating the head 

 at the occipitoatloid articulation it may be removed. 



The assistants secure both skin flaps by passing a rope 

 with a loop through each hole for the eye. The skin is separ- 

 ated with the hand, if possible, or small spatula around the 

 neck as far as the first ribs, the trachea is removed and the 

 last cervical and first dorsal vertebrae divided with the verte- 

 bral knife. An assistant may then extract the neck by Dl&CXEg 



a loop around it | fig. 65). 



