296 BOVINE OBSTETRICS 



value when they induce the owner to execute the other and 

 more rational orders. For that purpose it is well enough to 

 prescribe them. 



It is advisable to rub the legs several times daily with a 

 straw wisp to stimulate circulation. 



The udder must also be cared for. The cow must be 

 milked cautiously and patiently several times daily. The 

 bedding must be kept very clean, as a mastitis the result of 

 infection often sets in, as she is milked while in the recumbent 

 position. 



Luxation following parturition may involve the sacro-iliac 

 articulation and coxo-femoral articulation. 



LUXATION OF THE SACRO-ILIAC ARTICULATION. 



The connection between the vertebral column and the 

 posterior extremities is mainly established by this joint. The 

 wings of the sacrum and the external angles of the ilia are in 

 contact with each other to quite some extent. 



This joint can expand most during the act of parturition, 

 since the postero external angles have an upward direction 

 (oscillating movement of the pelvis). We noticed previously 

 that Berdez first drew attention to the fact, that the relaxation 

 of the broad pelvic ligament mainly depends on the elevation 

 of the posterior part of the pelvis in the preliminary stage. 

 This position is produced by the diminished traction exerted 

 upon the pubis by the rectus abdominis muscle. 



Causes. — Luxation usually follows as the result of too 

 frequent upward traction during parturition, but also when the 

 cow is raised with the tail after having given birth. According 

 to Stockfleth, complete luxation follows muscular efforts. 



Symptoms. — The relation of the sacrum to the ilia has 

 changed, the vertebral column has descended, so that the 

 internal angles of the ilia project. The descended promon- 

 torium is readily located on rectal examination. As a result 

 of the rupture of the ligamentous apparatus a hemorrhage 

 occurred ; even an extensive hematoma may be found there. 



At first the general health is somewhat disturbed, dis- 



