368 BOVINE OBSTETRICS 



and kept moist with water. He also practices venesection, 

 giving a purgative (aloe 30 g., asafcetida 10 g.). 



Priessnitzs fomentations are also often used. Ehrhardt 

 advises to cover the body with a wet linen cloth and over it 

 woolen blankets. The fomentation is renewed every hour. 



Venesection is practiced in this disease by many veterin- 

 arians (Hartenstein, Ehrhardt, etc.). Electricity has also 

 been employed a few times. 



Anker (Holland;, who treats every year many cases of 

 parturient paresis, follows a method by which the rate of 

 mortality decreased materially in localities where he practiced. 

 It is as follows : The position of the cow must be a natural one, 

 not upon the thorax but on the knees. Subcutaneously 300 to 

 500 mg. pilocarpin are injected. A sack is laid upon the loins 

 and continuously kept wet with cold mater. When the animal 

 is restless the head also is cooled. By keeping the loins and 

 cranium cool the animal becomes quiet. When dysphagia is 

 present he avoids drenching. When deglutition is normal a 

 drench of herba nicotiua with aloe and Glauber salts is admin- 

 istered. Twelve to fifteen hours after the first injection another 

 300 to 350 mg. of pilocarpin are injected subcutaneously. The 

 animal is changed alternately from one side to the other and 

 milked. When the disease has disappeared so far that the 

 animal after three to twenty-four hours eats, drinks and rumin- 

 ates, but does not rise, it is assisted in getting up, and the legs 

 washed with cold water. Anker lays special stress upon the 

 fact that the animal is assisted to get up, as it should not be 

 omitted. He never saw any evil results follow the cold irriga- 

 tions. 



DISEASES OF THE YOUNG CALF. 



l._ Asphyxia Neonatorum. 



It happens now and then that the calf is bom in an 

 asphvxic state. This condition occurs when the foetal blood is 

 wauting in oxygen, respectively laden with carbon dioxide. 



