Fig. 1.— MOUTHING BIT. 



CHAPTER I. 



HORSEMANSHIP AND TRAINING. 



Before proceeding with our subject it may be well to 

 define the words horseman and rider, so that we can bet- 

 ter understand their true definitions. The word horse- 

 man, in its original and proper sense, is the term 

 used to denote thorough skill in the knowledge and 

 management of the horse under the saddle, while the 

 word rider is applied to a man on horseback, and 

 whose skill is described by the prefix good or bad. 

 But at the present time in the United States the word 

 "horseman" is applied to a man who can ride a horse 

 fifty or a hundred miles on the stretch, or until he drops 

 dead while the rider survives. To a man who likes, 

 fancies, sells, buys, cleans, drives, trades or spends his 

 time or money with horses, while he may have no dispo- 

 sition or ability to get on a horse's back, this slang word, 

 " horseman," is applied. The terms horseman and rider 

 are equivalent to the words musician and player, for 

 while any number of people can play, but a small per- 

 centage of them are musicians. It is unfortunate that 

 the word horseman, like the word city, should take such 

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