INTRODUCTION. 35 



The Large Rough Terrier, the Barbet, and the 

 whole race of Water Spaniels (can, avarius aquaticus, 

 Lin.), owe their origin to such northern dogs as, being 

 stationed along the shores of seas, lakes, or rivers, 

 possessed, either hereditarily or contracted by climate, 

 a thick rough covering of hair, and by habit a great 

 aptitude for the water. 



While the Asiatic dog was extending his progeny 

 through the northern regions into the varieties we have 

 enumerated, the southern climes were also furnishing 

 from the same source, but probably by another track. 

 Here, likewise, the effect of climate became apparent, 

 in the production of an equal number of varieties ; but 

 all of them proved less hardy in their nature, and of a 

 more delicate frame; and furnished wirh coverings, 

 many of which were long and of silk-like texture, others 

 were glossy and smooth, while some, like the naked 

 dog of Barbary, were seen wholly without hair. From 

 these are derived the Eastern Greyhound, most of 

 the hounds used in Africa and South America, the 

 Southern Pasture Dog, the Land SpanieP% the Set- 



-^ No dog presents such endless varieties as the Spaniel; all, 

 however, admit of two common divisions, into land and water spa- 

 niels : the latter are derived from the northern, the former from the 

 eastern dogs. Land Spaniels are all characterized by a long silky 

 coat ; and whether strong and muscular, or slender and diminutive, 

 they are equally elegant and interesting. They are proverbially 

 faithful ; and to the sportsman they are highly important, from their 

 sagacity and keen scent. King Charles II. has been said to have 

 been extremely fond of spaniels, two varieties of which are seen in 

 his several portraits, or in those of his favourites. One of these was 

 small, of a black and white colour, with ears of an extreme length ; 

 the other was large and black, but the black was beautifully relieved 

 by tan markings, exactly similar to the markings of the black and 

 tan terrier: \Uh breed the late Duke of Norfolk preserved Avith 

 jealuus care. 



