Emotion 37 



constant; emotion is the agent which counters 

 unfavorable elements, and it increases with the 

 violence of the struggle. Instinct acts through 

 structure, while emotion acts against it. If 

 this plain contrast is kept in mind, the simpler 

 acts and feelings may be classified and general 

 laws be stated in a way that will simplify many 

 of the relations between the organs of expres- 

 sion and of action. There is structure which 

 works so mechanically and instinctively that 

 conscious action is unnecessary. Adverse ele- 

 ments cannot create structure; they destroy 

 the 'necessary favorable relations on which its 

 growth depends, and hence make disadvanta- 

 geous certain instinctive acts dependent upon 

 it. Adjustment cannot be so close or so 

 constant if there are unfavorable elements in 

 the environment as it could be if they were 

 absent. Structure must become less mechani- 

 cal, or the mechanical parts must be fewer in 

 number. 



When these constant relations develop struc- 

 ture, the direction of the flow of energy be- 

 comes fixed. Break up this constant relation 

 by an adverse element, and emotion appears 



