DARWIN ON THE ORIGIN OF CONSCIENCE. 135 



ferent character of motives, as good and bad; and 

 so, under that phrase, " power of self-command," may 

 easily come in the very idea of which the origin is to 

 be explained. 



(9) " Appreciation of the justice of the judgments 

 of his fellow-men." There Darwin has the great 

 word "justice," but all languages recognize a dis- 

 tinction between the just and the merely expedient. 

 A perception of what is just in motives is an act of 

 conscience. Darwin allows this atmospheric germ to 

 drift into his experiment. Appreciation of justice ! 

 Why, that is conscience, and that is the very thing 

 you are about to develop here by spontaneous gener- 

 ation. 



(10) " Appreciation of justice, independently of 

 any pleasure or pain felt at the moment." All these 

 phrases are Darwin's. This last is not a poor de- 

 scription of one of the fundamental activities of con- 

 science. Justice cannot be perceived at all without 

 the power of perceiving the difference between right 

 and wrong ; and to perceive that, without any regard 

 to the pleasure or pain felt at the moment, is the key 

 of what we call conscience. 



(11) "Avoidance of the reprobation of the one 

 or many gods " in whom the individual believes. 

 The sense of the Divine comes to us from con- 

 science ; and that germ is more dangerous than any 

 of the ten that have preceded it. But here comes 

 one yet more dangerous. 



(11) " The fear of Divine punishment." 



Surely, if you will give me all these germs, if 



