Hardie Manufacturing Co. of Hudson, Mich. All working parts of 

 the pump should be of brass or bronze. 



From the pump one or two lines of hose can be run as may be 

 most convenient. Each should be joined to an extension rod with 

 a " shut off " valve at its base. At the end of the extension rod a 

 " Y " should be connected and a nozzle placed at the end of each 

 arm of the " Y '". The best nozzle is one which will throw a fine 

 mist, as even then one droplet should be sufficient for each scale, and 

 by turning the two nozzles so that they will spray in different direc- 

 tions the tree can be much more quickly covered. Eight or ten 

 different kinds of nozzles have been tried in the course of this work 

 at Amherst, but the best results in the way of thoroughly covering 

 the tree with the least waste of material were obtained with nozzles 

 of the Vermorel type, and of these the •' Mistry " has been the most 

 satisfactory. 



If the trees can be well pruned before spraying much extra time 

 and trouble will be saved as the most difficult parts of a tree to cover 

 well are the smaller twigs. In spraying it is well to begin at the top 

 and work downward, rapidly following each branch toward the trunk 

 with the nozzles, and if there is a wind, working on that half of the 

 tree which is to windward. If there is little or no wind, the tree can 

 be treated from all sides before it is left, but with much wind blowing 

 it may be better to spray all the trees from one side only, treating 

 the other side as soon afterwards as the weather will permit. It 

 must be remembered however, that the object is to cover every par- 

 ticle of the surface everywho-e with the spray. As the wash shows 

 plainly when it dries this can often be taken advantage of to " touch 

 up " later any spots which were missed at first. In spraying, pump 

 so as to put on as much pressure as possible, and hold the nozzles 

 as near the branches as can be done, to drive the mist into all the 

 tiny crevices in the bark under which the scales appear to like to 

 conceal themselves. 



Treatment as thus directed will usually result in the larger limbs 

 and trunk being more or less soaked by surplus spray which runs 

 down from above, but this should do no harm and in fact is likely to 

 be advantageous. 



WHEN TO SPRAY. 



It is generally considered unsafe to spray for the San Jose Scale 

 while the leaves are on the trees, the materials used are so strong : 



