though in certain cases, trees have been sprayed when in full leaf in 

 June, with the lime-sulfur wash without the slightest injury resulting. 

 Treatment in summer is not advisable, however, and the best and 

 safest time to apply tfie wash is from the time the leaves have fallen 

 till the buds begin to open in spring. Where the trees are badly 

 infested two treatments — one late in the fall and the other early the 

 next spring — are most desirable, but where only one is needed or 

 possible for any reason, the results obtained in Massachusetts point 

 to the spring as the time when the best results are to be obtained. 



SUMMER TREATMENT. 



In case' trees are found during the summer which are so badly 

 infested that it seems probable they will die before winter, a mild 

 treatment to hold the scales in check is needed. It is not safe to 

 use the treatments already discussed, at this time of year and the 

 best material under the circumstances is one of the Whale-oil soaps 

 at the strength of one pound of soap to hve gallons of water. 



This will destroy all the crawling young it reaches and thus pre- 

 vent as rapid increase in numbers of the scale as would otherwise be 

 the case. The treatment may need to be repeated several times 

 however, as the old scales are not affected and more young will be 

 constantly appearing. Spraying at this time is particularly unsatis- 

 factory too, as the leaves render it difBcult to cover the twigs and 

 branches as thoroughly as is desirable. 



SUMMARY. 



1. The San Jose' Scale is present nearly everywhere in Massachu- 



setts and is causing great injury and financial loss. 



2. Its life history is such that enormous numbers of individuals 



are quickly produced. 



3. It feeds on about 125 different kinds of plants including our 



most important fruit trees and ornamental shrubs. 



4. None of its enemies seem able to keep it under control in this 



state. 



5. Treatment of the plant affected varies according to its condi- 



tion. If nearly dead, cut it down and burn it. If less 

 seriously affected, fumigation is the best treatment, but this 

 is not usually practicable except for nursery stock. 



