for use in this work. The Hicks tree mover, designed by Mr. Isaac 

 Hicks of Westbury Station, Nassau county, N. Y., is extensively 

 used, and Mr. Hicks has achieved remarkable results in handling 

 very large specimens of trees and shrubs; but these tree movers are 

 expensive, and for trees 6 to lo inches in diameter a pair of high, 

 heavy truck wheels, with some simple improvised arrangement, may 

 be adapted. At the present time many individuals are willing to 

 pay a good price for large trees, and for these tree movers are ad- 

 mirably adapted and should be more extensively employed. 



Most street trees are planted too closely for their best develop- 

 ment. For the larger trees 70 to 100 feet would not be too much to 

 allow, although trees may be planted 30 to 40 feet apart and every 

 other one cut out when necessary. The courage to do this is, un- 

 fortunately, often lacking. The limbs of very large maple trees 

 would touch if planted 55 or 60 feet apart. 



On modern streets a space, or tree-belt as it is called, should be 

 set apart for trees, but if this is not available it is best to plant the 

 trees inside the sidewalk, as there they are much less likely to be in- 

 jured by horses. 



PRUNING.* 



Besides the necessary pruning at the time of transplanting, the 

 removal of dangerous dead wood and branches every two or three 

 years is essential, and in the case of street trees the lower branches 

 should be cut. When limbs are so close as to interfere it is best to 

 remove them, and this should be done when the trees are young, in 

 order that a better crown may be ultimately obtained. Mr. W. F. 

 Gale, City Forester of Springfield, makes a practice of thinning and 

 shaping his trees when young, thus obviating the necessity for too 

 much thinning when the tree reaches maturity. The amount of dead 

 wood annually found in trees is frequently quite large, and it costs 

 about as much to dispose of it as it does to prune it. 



In towns a distance of 10 or 12 feet or more may be left between 

 the roadway and the lowest limbs, but in cities the nature and amount 

 of traffic necessitates higher pruning. When trees are growing 



* The reader may consult "The Pruning Book," by L. H. Bailey, Macmillan & Co.; also 

 "A Treatise on Pruning Forest and Ornamental 'J'rees." by A. Des Carr, translated by Prof. 

 C. S. Sargent, and published by Mass. Society for the Promotion of Agriculture. 



