thickly on streets it is often necessary to prune them high to let in 

 sufficient sunlight, and when different types of trees are planted to- 

 gether, such as maples and elms, high pruning is often resorted to 

 in order that the high canopy or Gothic arch effect formed by the 

 elm trees may not be destroyed, and if a more or less conventional 

 type is desired in individual specimens the removal of certain limbs 

 often changes the contour of the trees, much to the advantage of the 

 surroundings. We do not believe it is desirable to prune the feathery 

 growths often found on the trunks of elms, as they are apparently 

 protective in nature ; moreover, in our estimation they add to the 



Fig. 3. Showing the proper method of pruning large limbs, a, tree before planting, 

 b, showing relative distance of first cut from the tree trunk, c, the same with limbs cut 

 close and the scars finished with a mallet and chisel. 



beauty of the tree, taking away much of its conventional appearance. 



As a rule the limbs on vigorous maple trees will droop about one 

 foot or more a year owing to their increased weight, and it is only a 

 short time before they become too low. Limbs over a sidewalk may 

 be left lower than over roadways. During rain and sleet storms 

 limbs are heavily weighted and often give trouble when too near the 

 ground. 



On country roadsides pruning should be high enough so that the 

 limbs will not interfere with the hay and wood traffic which is com- 



