58 



insect to leave trees thus treated, for others ; and wrapping in tar 

 paper is also of value. Careful examination of the trunk and ground 

 will sometimes show where borers are at work, little accumulations 

 of " sawdust " being evident. In such cases, it is frequently possi- 

 ble to cut out the borers, or to run a flexible, pointed wire into the 

 tunnel and spike the borer at its end. Sometimes a little cotton 

 saturated with carbon disulfid can be placed in the outer end of the 

 tunnel and the opening then be closed either with putty or clay, per- 

 mitting the disulfid gas to follow along the tunnel and suffocate the 

 borer. In fact, the most important and difficult part of the problem 

 is to find where to make the attack, and only careful examination in 

 each case will solve this. 



WHITE PINE WEEVIL. 



{Pissodes strobi Peck.) 



This insect bores in the leaders of pine, spruce and perhaps other 

 evergreen trees, killing these shoots, deforming the tree, and of 

 course greatly reducing its value as an ornament. 



The beetles lay their eggs in the leaders during the spring, and 

 the boring grubs work inward and downward until they reach the 

 pith, in which they also burrow for a short distance. At first, an 

 affected shoot shows little or no trace of the presence of the borer, 

 but by midsummer it begins to turn brown. The borers change to 

 pupse and these to adults, which are found the following spring. 



But little can be done to control this insect beyond cutting off and 

 burning all infested twigs as soon as they show traces of infestation, 

 thus destroying the insects before they leave. 



SAN JOSE SCALE. 

 {Aspidiotus pcnikiosus Comst.) 



While the San Jose' Scale has attracted most attention because of 

 its importance as a fruit tree pest, it is also of great importance as 

 an enemy of many kinds of shade trees and ornamental shrubs. It 

 often entirely destroys willows, poplars and mountain ashes, and is 

 frequently abundant on the elm, ash, ornamental plums and crabs, 

 etc., and to a less extent on the maple. 



