14 



NEW ENGLAND FARxMER, 



JVLT it, IS4T. 



AND HORTICULTURAL RKGtSTER. 



BoaroN, Wedsesdav, July M, 1841. 



HAYMAKING. 



Farmers in I he immudUle vicinily of the city, may 

 be nearly through hiiymaking ; bui generally in Ihe in- 

 lerior, they are in the iniHHt of the laborious and yet 

 plra^anl processes ut' cutting the grass ami making llie 

 liny. Our leniarks upon tliis siibject, two weeks since, 

 embrace nenrly all that we wish t) siiy ; but we uniilted 

 then to fjuLto the old adige, " Muhe hay while the. sun 

 ihines." The advire contained in this lainilnr exjires- 

 »ion, is worth elucidating and enlorcing 



Every one knows that good husbandry, in all ordina- 

 ry circumstances, requires the farmer to cut liin grass 

 only when he has indications of fair weather for a day 

 or two. lie should mow when the prospect is good 

 that the sun will nhine. This is not controverted. But 

 we have sometimes seen it recommended to haymakers 

 to rise rcrij early, commence their labors in the cool of 

 the morning, get their work along so as to rest for two 

 or three hours in the hottest part o( the day, and then 

 extend their labors into the evening. This adviee has 

 come, probably, from those who know hut little about 

 the matter in question, and who benevolently design to 

 inform the haymaker how he can perform his IsbDrs 

 successfully and yet avoid part of his customary eipo- 

 •ure to the heat of the mid day sun. 



In all that part of the haying process connected with 

 thick and green grass, where it i« diflicult to euro suffi- 

 ciently in two good days, there, anVinur's work at noon 

 turni l<i more account — more pro&t-»-lh.in the work of 

 two hours in cither morning or evening. The hotter 



Probably, however, it is not desirable to let them stand 

 later than they usually do. When cut young, mode- 

 lately dried, and well salted, the cattle eat many of 

 them without complaining, Tliese grasses are bene- 

 fited more by being housed wlien not dry enough to 

 keep sweet without salt, and applying salt to pivsirve 

 them, than the upland grasses. 



The intimation that early cutting is the cause of the 

 decrease in productiveness, should be accompanied by 

 a statement that the draining of the meadows by ditch- 

 ing, filling up by wash from tlio uplands, the removal 

 of a crop and making no return in the form of manure, 

 all, in different places, contribute to the same result. 

 Art must come to the aid of nature on many of these 

 lands ; and theie is no part <if our soil on which the la- 

 bors of art can be more profitably expended. 



Sunday haying. — On some firms it is very rarely the 

 case that any hay is worked upon on the Sibbath ; 

 while on others it is no uncommon thing to spend a 

 part of Sunday in tiaymaking. Is it ever necessary \o 

 touch the hay upon the Sabbath .' Sometimes if it be 

 not done, the hay will be badly injured. When ? At 

 those times when the sun shines bright and hot on the 

 Sabbath upon hay that has bei n wet — then if the hay 

 is not opened it may be almost spoiled. But nothing 

 more noed be done than to njien it. Beyond what is 

 here allowed (opening the hay) we do not believe it 

 profitable to go, except in some very rare cases. 



We are regnrding this matter notn merely as one of 

 profit and loss. As far as our observaliim authorizes a 

 conclusion, we have no hesitation in saying, that on 

 those fauns where work is avoided on the Sabbath, the 

 hay is secured in as good condition and with as much 

 economy as where the Sabbath is appropriated to hay- 

 making. We know that the work can be so planned as 

 that nothing shall suffer in any ordinary weathert)y 

 being left untouched on the Sabbath; and wo hold the 



THE CROPS. 

 Accounts from the South and West generally, 'ead ua 

 to expect tlint the crop of wheat in the country will be 

 g'tod. Hay in Massachusetts may be less than an ave- 

 r.igo crop, but there is no alarming deficiency. If it be 

 true, as it is reported, that the growth upon our salt 

 marshes is unusually abundant, then the supply of food 

 for stock along the sea-coast ia aa great as wo usually 

 obtain. 



Ij*The well-told tale by " Evelyn," on the first page, 

 excites in us a wish to know more of him from whom it 

 comes. The disastrous results thai may flow from one 

 little mischievous act, and the desolation which comes 

 where excited passions display their energies in pro- 

 tracted law suits, are very happily exhibited. 



the sun, the more desirable is ifvhaillie turning folk 



should be kepi moving. The mora intense the heat, | b.ij^f ,,,„, ,,,ig ^ay of rest is so needful and beneficial to 

 the more will the hay be benefittd by each turning. ,,^ ,,^^j laboring man, that he can and will, taking the 



So far from advising haymaker, to rest in the shade ^e„„„und, accomplish as much in the six days ef labor 



and one of rest, as in seven of labor without any. for Mst. 



vhile at noon, our advice to them must be, to be 

 ring most actively in the middle of the day. If this 

 process is found too exhausting, in connection with la- 

 bor early in the morning and late in the evening, then 

 let the work be .'O planned, that it may be accomplished 

 before niiiht. Tho la»t hour's work, when the damp- 

 ness of evening begins to collect upon the hay, is the 

 least profitable of any. 



It is good economy to put hay into the barn as early 

 in the ilay aa it is fit to got in, and to put tlic green into 

 cocks while it is warm— whil.- the sun is an hour, if not 

 hours, above the horizon. To do this, the iniiMIc of 

 the day mu»t be devoted to work Objection to labor- 

 in" when the sun is hottest, ia not often made by men 

 accustomed to toil in the fields. The extreme heals of 

 summer are not more oppressive in the field than in the 

 workshop or study. At least our experience so teaches ; 

 for wc never were so unfitted for labor by the hottest 

 sun that burns on the hay field, as by the close and sul 

 try air of the study. As f.ir as the discomfort from heat 

 is concerned, wo would rather spend 'he summer whore 

 the funnier toils, tlinn where llie student uses his books 

 and his pen. — Make hay vhile the sun shines. 



Meadnw hay— fresh /iny— The hay which grows upon 

 the natural wet meadows, makes a very considerable 

 part of the food of the slock in the ComniJiiwealth 

 Tho tiiiaiitily obtained fiom these wet lands is diminish- 

 ing, and will continue to diminish, as long as the cus- 

 tom prevails of mowing before the grasses seed, and 

 thus providing for new roots to tukii the place of such 

 as may die. But if kfl to ripen b.lore they are cut, 

 iheic grasses generally will make but very poor fodder 



Taking no other arguments than those which are fur- 

 nished by observation of men and of the human system, 

 wc are prepared to oppose haymaking on the Sabbath 

 as unpiofitabic and as a thing to be avoided. 



N. B. — While the haying goes on, do not forget to 

 put the miic^ in (Ac hogyard : also, do not forget that 

 the weeds will steal the bread anti meal from your corn 

 and potatoes, if you do not find time to keep ihein down. 



There are very few plants, we think, wliich are not 

 benefited mueh more by hoeing when thoy are dry than 

 when wet. We choose to avoid working among corn, 

 potatoes, and all r<uits, when they are wet. At such 

 times they aro brittle, and get somewhat broken ; the 

 earth around them, if stirred, is made lumpy, and weeds 

 are much less eflectually destroyed. If the work on the 

 farm allows you to select your time for hoeing and weed- 

 ing, do such work when the plants ate dry. 



NORTHERN WHEAT FOR SEED. 



It is supposed by many thai tlio reason why the Black 

 Sea wheal, so called, will withstand the rust better than 

 any other variety is, because it grows in a higher lati- 

 tude and has become more hardy than those kinds that 

 arc cultivated in a more southern diniate. There can 

 be no doubt that it will ultimately become accli.niatcd 

 with us, and then be no butter than any other variety. 

 If these two positions are true, it follows that it would 

 be good policy for our farmers to obtain seed often from 

 a more northern latitude than they are in. We think 

 that some of our shipmasters who are in the Russian 

 trade and visit Archangel, could abtain the right variety. 

 There is a northern limit to the wheat region, a point 

 where wheat is raised much quicker than it will grow 

 with us, but there it has more day light in that space of 

 time than we can give it. Seed from this point would 

 be valuable to us. The several Agricultural Societies 

 cannot hi tter use their funds than to ioy aside a small 

 part annually, to be expended in defraying the expenses 

 of obtaining seed wheat and other valuable seeds from 

 other regions. The Kennebec Co. Society has done so 

 several times, with advantage to the community. We 

 hope that others will aid in the cause. — Maine Farmer. 



Our thanks ate due to Dr. Charles T. Jackaon, fur a 

 copy of bis Geological Survey ofNew Mampshire. 



The July No. oftho N. Y. Review is on our tabic. — 

 Jordan Si. Co , V2l WnshingloD at^ publishers. 



The IbIc hail storm was peculiarly severe in the vi- 

 cinity of Amiierst, N. H. The ice balls were ail inches 

 in circumference. 



lfj"WB would call the atlentinn of our readers to iho 

 advenis-ment of" Whale Oil So.ip." on another page — 

 a new discovery for the destructiori of the rose slug and 

 other insects. 



Mass&chiiaelta Horticultural Society. 



IIHIBITION or FLOWERS. 



Saturday, July 3. 



Exhibited from M. P. Wilder — Picotee Pinks and a 

 fine lot of Roses. 



From J. T. Smith — Cereus speciosissimua and Epipli- 

 yllium Ackermanii. 



From Dr. Thompson, Charlestown — Dahlias. 



From Hovcy & Co.— Uouqueta. 



From S. Walker — Carnations, Picotees, Rosea and 

 fine Bouquets. 



From S. K. Johnson— a large number of Chinese and 

 haidy Roses. 



From J. L L. F. Warren — Dahlias and Bouquets. 



From A. Uowditch — Roses and Uouqueta. 



Native plants Iroin B. E. Cutting. 



Saturday, July 10. 



Exhibited from S. \\'alker — a few fine named Pico- 

 tees, Carnations and Bouquets. 



From Hovey iV Co —Rocket Larkspurs, and Clove 

 and Pienieo Pinks, fmin seed. 



From Cnpt. Mncondey — Dahlirs of several kinds. 



From J. I.. L. F. Warren — DahiiBs and Bouquets. 



Fioin S. R. Ji.hnson — Chinese and hardy Rosea. 



From W. Kenrick— Bouquets. 



From D. .Mclntvre — i fine speciioen ofNe plua ultra. 



From F W. Duiton — Dahlias. 



Native plants from B. E. Cutting. 



NOTICE. 



Tho exhibition of Carnatiims and Picotees for premi- 

 um, will take place on Saturday, Julv l<lh, when tliero 

 will be three ptiies awarded, if the flowers aro of sufli- 

 ci«Bt merit. C. M. HOVEY, Ck'mn. 



