22 



NEW ENGLAND FAR M E R , 



JUIiT ai, 1841, 



AM> HORTICULTUBAL RK.ISTER. 



Boston, Wedseaoay, July 21, 1841. 



TiiDVrpS! ; returns of llie election have reached us, the conserva- 



TURMIb jtivepirty, which is in favor of retaining the present 



The present mont'i acid the early part of the next, is , ^^^^ j^^^^ |^,^^ gamed. Wc see no reason to expect the 



HOEING, WKEDING, Ac. 



All the crops should be kept free from weeds. Our 

 |.lanU nre impeded in growth by these intrn lers upon 

 the cultivated lands; and when wc permit the weeds 

 to ripen, they sow the seed of a future crop that will 

 call for much labor fo:- its extermination, or which 

 will be vnsily injurious to our grain cr"pa. At ihis 

 time, if the wenlher be good, you will find il hard to 

 hang up the s'-ythe and take the hoe ; but it is hellci to 

 let your low-land grasses Bland uncut for a few days, 

 than to let the weeds git possession of your tilled lands, 

 or to leave your corn and roots with the earth unstirred 

 around and amona them. It is customary to finish hoe- 

 in? our corn and such olher crops as wo can work 

 ar^ongsi wilhout bro.iking the tops, loo early in the sea- 

 son. There must be benefit in stirring the earth until 

 our corn is filling out. One more hoeing than custom 

 gives, would be servicciible ; but hy hoeing we do not 

 meJ earthiti; i/;.-thal would be injurious afler the 

 brace rools h.ive fixed their hold— but we me.in merely 

 birring the surface, and giving lo air and light the freest ^^_^^^ ^^ .^^ ^^ ^^^^ 

 possible access to the roots. When we say there must ^,^^^^ ^,^^^^ ^_ _^ ^^ 

 be hcnifit, wo are e.xpressing a firm bclnf, though we 

 never made so accurate an expcriinenl as to render il 

 impossible that wc may be mistaken. This point, that 

 is, whither it would not be profitable lo hoe the corn 

 about the first of August, may bo of some practical im- 

 porlance, and we hope that some of our friends will 

 make experiments by which it may be determined. But 

 should they undertake- it, wc must request Ihcm to do 

 it when the sun is hoi and when the corn is dry nnd 

 tough. At other times the leaves and stalks would be 

 liable to be broken. 



Should the corn stand erect, the horse will pass 

 through it without d.-ing much harm, provided you 

 use a'vcry short wlufflctree, which may be done, if you 

 use siiiriealher traci-s or lugi.— Polaloos should nol bo 

 disturbed afler iho vines have fallen. The lops of such 

 roots as grow mostly under ground should be treated 

 very gently, such iis the carrot, parsnip and the like ; 

 but I he turnip tribes seem to thrive quite ns well when 

 kicked about and subjected to harsh treatment, as when 

 genlly used. Is il or is it not true, ihat high winds and 

 hard brusliings benefit all plants of which the roots may 

 be moved by the swaying of the lop-ai turnips, corn, 

 and soma others ? Does the starting of the rools cause 

 the roots lu strengthen lliiir fibres and become more 

 viToious ? And is il true, that all straining or breaking 

 of'the tops of potatoes, carrots and other plants where 

 lh« root is not moved by the moving of the lop, is inju- 

 riou» ? These are questions which we pul in hopes that 

 observations will be made in view lo answering ihom. 

 As we go back lo Ihe past, memory finds that in aeve- 

 ral years when our corn crop has been largest, the sum- 

 mer winds have once or twice laid the corn nearly pros- 

 Irate. Is tbero any eonntction belwe.n this racking— 

 this oxeieising of the corn— and the amount of ihe crop? 

 yhnuld theso queslinns be satisfactorily settled in the 

 affirmative, we shimid find here a reason for not hilling 

 the corn. Wc might got also some useful rules to guide 

 us in our ireatinent of the various crops. 



the time for towing the English or flat turnip. On all 

 spots of ground Ihal hive been well manured the pre- 

 sent season, and from which the crop has been removed, 

 also, on all spots where other kinds of soids have tailed, 

 the turnips should be pul. The pea ground and olher 

 spots in the garden, should be ii.p.-oprialcd lo them.— 

 In the fields loo, » here the corn, Ihe beans or the vines 

 are loo thin, scatter the turnip seeds This root, culti- 

 vated in this way, costs but little, and it is acceptable 

 and useful to ihe slock in the early pari of the winter. 

 On those farms where the hay crop is short, ve would 

 advise to the sowing of turnips ,is extensively as the 

 manure heap will allow. Break up any piece of sward 

 land Ihat is not dry, roll and harrow well; furrow or 

 maikoulin drills2 l-2to3 feel apart; pul nianuie in 

 the furrows; cover it slightly with dirt; then sow on 

 Ihe seed with the hand and cover it with either a hoe 

 or rake. Let the plants come up thick, and afterwards 

 you must thin out and «eed ibem well. Let them 

 stand 3 or 4 inches apart. Thus cullivalcd ih 'y usually 

 yi^ld well. Fresh or unlermented manure is quite as 

 good as that which is rotted down fine ; the crop on the 

 fine manure will look the best until Ihe lailor part of 

 September, when the turnips on the unfernienled dung 

 will make the most rapid progress, and at harvest time 



K!*^ "Ill v\i m«- '"'^ •• 



Where winter food for the slock is likely to be short. 



corn laws, has gained. Wc see no reason to expect the 

 triumph of the liberals, though for this we have been 

 hoping. As an American ciiiien we have hoped that a 

 market for our grain would be opened in England, so 

 thai wc might be able to pay ofi" our annual dues to ihat 

 country, in articles produced on our soil. And for a 

 further reason we have hoped it. The general disposi- 

 tions of the liberal party are more friendly to our coun- 

 try, than those of the conservatives, and the chances for 

 settling the questions in dispute between us wilhout re- 

 sort to arms, are greater when the liberals are in tbe at- 

 ndency, than when the conservalivee hold the reins 

 of government. 



CROl'S IN ENGLAND. 



The occounts by the last arrival indicate that ihe crop* 

 in England may fall slightly below the average. The 

 newspapers of the city sum op the mailer in an expres- 

 sion like the following : " The English crops are repre- 

 sented as exhibiting a mist luxoiiant appearance." But 

 in turning over our files of the Mark Lane Express, and t 

 looking particularly at ihe last returns from the various 

 parts of the Island, we infer that the grain crops can 

 hardly reach an average. 



BLACK SQUASH BUG. 

 When walking over Ihe grounds of a gentleman in 



Where winter food for the slock is likely lo ue snort, ■ ° ; fvieiisivelv vceetables 



r u ,1 I, „„„ „„^ ,,.n., C.r ihf this vicinity, who raises, very eiiensiviiy, vtgt.iauie* 



irv and save the vines of bo I beans and lean lor ini j' u , i i ;.„.,„„„ it,* 



ury ana savi. uie vioi f„, ni.r market, we noticed an old shingle lying upon the 



cattc are very fond of both 



Farmers are often advised to sow turnips among ihei 



for our market, we noticed an old shingle lying upon the 

 ground near the toots oflhe vine8,in each hill of squash- 



Farmers are often advised to sow turnips —^"Z The gentleman stated that all ihe black bugs would 



corn. Fifty or an hundred bushels to the ac e may thus es- g ^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^ .^ ^^^^ ^^^^^_ 



be obliiinid in many instances with very little labor 

 Some tell us that the turnips do not injure the corn. 

 The correctness of this opinion may well be doubted. 

 Where ihe corn is large and thick, il will require all 

 the nourishmenl which the land can furnish If the 

 corn be lliin upon the ground, thera may bo profit in 

 pulling in the turnips. As far, however, as our obser 

 valions give u< any opinion upon iho subject, it is, that 

 turnips are injurious lo corn- more injurious to this 

 crop than lo any ollirr; and we doubt w bother it is, as 

 a general rule, good husbandry to admi' the turnips 

 among the corn, or to plant corn upon land that bore 

 turnips the preceding year. 



Our minds are asdilTcrent os our faces; we are all 

 travelling lo one deslinaiion — happiness; but none are 

 going by the same road — Ijicon. 



BRITISH CORN LAWS. 

 ll is known lo most of our readers, wo suppose, that 

 in England the duties on foreign or imported grain vary 

 inversely with ihe price of grain. Thol is, when grain 

 is scarce and high, the duties nre low ; when bread stuff's 

 are abundant and cheap, the duties are high. Such du- 

 liei', of course, give to the Brilisli agriculturists the ex- 

 clusive possession of iheir market, excepting in limes 

 of scarcity. When the crops in England are good, we 

 can send them no flour and corn, because the laws ihcrc 

 then impose a duly on what we send, so hi/;h, that 

 we cannot pay il without loss on the shipnicot. We 

 can never enter their market unlil what they have pro- 

 .luced la nearly consumed. This regulation, by keep- 

 ing up the price of grain, is of course deemed by a large 

 I purtion of the farmers of England, of vital importance 

 lo their interests But other classes there, see that tbe 

 laws require them to pay more for bread than would be 

 necessary If f..reign gram were admitted freo of duly, 

 or under a bw but fixed duly. And the question has 

 been raised there whether the corn /.jws shall be repeal- 

 ed. The nation is highly excind upon the queslion. 

 Parliament has bi'in dissolved ; a new eleclion is taking 

 phii e, and this question of the corn laws is one of the 

 most'imporlanl involved in the conlosl. As far as the 



pass Ihe night under the shingles, and ihat in the morn- 

 ing they can be easily dc^lroyed. , 



Erratum. In " Evelyn's" talc, on tlio first page of out 

 last No., Ihe si-ntence commencing in the Sfili line frorr 

 the bottom of ihe first column, sliould read ihiis : " I 

 mioht ria.sonablv be supposed that the very business anr 

 profession of an agriculturist would tend lo iiicline hm 

 to quietude and a distaste for combativeness," ic. 



Mnaonrhiisclts Horticultural Siocloly. 



KXIIIBITIO.N OF FnUITS. 



Saturday, July 10. 



From S. Downer— fine specimens of the Downe 

 Cherry, taken from the original tree. 



From Ceorgu Walsh, Cfiarlestown— u Cherry collei 

 the Black Irench. 



From M.ssrs Winship— fruit of the Black Mulberry 

 From Wm. llawkcs, Lynn— Mcthven Castle Straw 

 berries. , , . 



From J. F. Allen, Salcra— a branch bearing clever 

 Peaches, all very large and of splendid appearance. O 

 Iheir taste, the coinmilloe did not have tlie pleasure It 

 judge. 



Saturduy, July 17. 

 From Col. Bigelow, .Medford— a basket of Yellow 

 Thimbleberrics. 



From Mr Mackintosh- Franconiu Raspberries am 

 Red and While Antwerp Currants. 



From S. Pond— Franconia and While Antwerp Rasp 

 berries, and Kllon Cherries. 



Kromliovey & Co. — Tranconia Kaspborries. 

 From George U alsh— fine specimens of a Black Cher 

 ry called the Blark French, probably a Bignrrcau. 



From John Hovey— fine While Dulch Currants am 

 English C.oosebcrries ; also, very large fruit of the Blacl. 



Mulberry. , 



From Messrs Winship— fruit of the Black Mulberry 

 From Dr. Z. B. Adams, Boston— specimens of a beau 

 tiful looking Clierrv, name unknown to the commillce. 

 For ihe Committee, 



I'. B. HOVEY, Jr. 



Repulalil: 

 hone»t debts. 



To wear the old coal and pay oneV 



