▼oi.. xt. nn. 4. 



AND HORTICULTURAL ivi: G I S T E R , 



27 



a »i>rk lu'lit <iiirin:{ llie wliolo day. Nut even a 

 iny iliiy IS losl liy tiiiii ; for now lio sliolla corn 

 1(1 licnl.s lioinininy, ami lliroslipii uiit liin pen, and 

 »kes brooms iind footmals, for whicli the ffood 

 ifc will tlinnk lilni ; nnd puts n new handlo to 

 a hoc and axt; ; ond inonds ninl oilii hin old liar- 

 (ss, by whieli llii'y will Kist twice ns lonjr ; and 

 )cs a i;real many oUier jobs, winch (rood inana;,'n- 

 ent will readily diclato. It is, iliocefore, iieed- 

 88 to remark, that you never ?<;e thi-f man loitcr- 

 g about tho court house or tlic muster field, or 

 her places of pn!)lic resort, unless ho has busi- 

 >ss llicre. On the contrary, it is his linbit to 

 ly at ho'iio and do his duly there, unless business ^ 

 Us him away. But whilst I record my testinio- j 

 r ajaiiisl all waste, I would by no mciins recom.j 

 end the contrary extreme. Some people hero 

 endeavoring to avoid Scylla, fall on Charybdis, 

 id are eii'ially certain of being enjjiilfcd. W liilst 

 ercforc, they studiously avoid all waste, they 

 actice the slintinij or even starving system at 

 ime. This, of all economy I consider the worst. : 

 tie fact is, that no man ought to keep an animal 

 iless he can keep it w-ell. If food is too scarce j 

 feed the hog, the proper remedy is to send him 

 the butcher, and when you can no longer feed 

 lur horse or cow, don't turn them out upon the 

 mmon to starve, but send them to market. 

 Some time ago, in visiting a (riend and neigh- 

 r, whom I highly esteom, my attention was called 

 his ho!:3. They looked well, (for my friend i» 

 5ood manager,) but I thought they would look 

 II bettor, if they had a litt'e more corn, and ven- 

 red to suggest this to him. Corn is scarce, was 

 i readv reply. That may be, said f, but if you 

 oceed on this plan, meat will be still scarcer, 

 asides, continued I. the hog when he eats, don't 

 t for hinisfl/, he eats for you — he don't waste 

 iir corn : he just turns it into meat, and this you 

 ow, IS n very useful article in your family. The 

 !a seemed to strike him as a ne«' one, and wheth- 

 it IS owing to this little incident or to someoth- 

 cause, the fact is, that my friend's stock of hogs 

 •9, since that, been celebrated as the finest in all 

 ! neighborhood. A little anecdote occurs here, 

 ■ich 1 beg leave to relate. Cuffee came in on a 

 •y cold day, almost frozen, and that he might 

 |oy the full comfort of tho fire, placed himself 

 -y near to it. His friend, Sambo, presently ob- 

 •yed his foot smoking. "Cuffee," said he, "your 

 •t is burning." "T'aint my foot, you fool you — 

 massa foot" From this some of you may think 

 ffee a fool — but he was very far from it. He 

 nt on the same principle that other philosophers 

 i, that the icliote includes ita p«rt», and that, there- 

 e, as he was his master's property, so was his 

 I. When, therefore, I see my hog eat, I find 

 fault witli him — he eats for me. 

 " Again — our good manager is a man of reading. 

 id here permit me to remark, that wc of the pre- 

 it day, ought to bo far better farmers than our 

 indfalliers were. They had no Rufiin of the 

 rmer's Register, nor Skinner of the American 

 Tmer, nor Bufl of the Cultivator, nor Bolts of 

 outhern Planter, to tell them of the immense 

 proveiiients in the farming world. The floods 

 light which we now enjoy, were all darkness to 

 :ni. I Avould not be without my agricultural 

 •iodicaU for ten times their cost. I scarcely ev- 

 reccivc a number, but I consider it worth more 

 .n the price of the whole series. Go then, and 

 }8cribc for at least one of these works. Take 

 3, and my nord fur it, in less than six months 



you will feel that you must liuve aiiotlior. The 

 groat benefits nli^ling I'roiii tlio one, will onablo you 

 to pay lor the whole. 



" l''iirtlii'r, our good manager is a man i>f obser- 

 vation. His duties and his pleasure call him frc- 

 ■piently to his fields, and whilst there, ho keeps 

 both eyes wide ojieii, watching the ri'sults of tho 

 various processes in which he is engaged; and 

 there is no variety in manuring or ditVerunce in the 

 niudu of culture, but iie marks it, and is ready to 

 protil by any superiority which one pUn has over 

 another. And lastly. Ins reading and obsrrvalion 

 combined, make hiin a man of thinking. \ ou see, 

 then, tho compound which I have endeavored to 

 present — economy, industry, reading, olisurvation, 

 reflection; and when you see all these concentra- 

 ted in the same individual, you may set that man 

 down as a good iimiiager. 



" Vou now Imvo, gentlemen, a sketch, and, 1 

 confess, u very imperfect one, of what I conceive 

 to be a well-managed, a well-cultivated farm. But 

 defective as it is, suppose its counterpart could be I 

 found in any cmo case; suppose that this scene 

 covered the limits of our whole .-ociety; suppose 

 that all our farms were tastefully and judiciously 

 divided into their several fields, and that every field 

 was so enriched and so cultivated as to produce an 

 abundant crop ; suppose that all our enclosures 

 were neat, and straight, and substantial ; sup- 

 pose that all tho buildings, as well for the servant 

 as for the master, together with the shelters for the 

 brutes, were so constructed and kept in such order 

 as to make all comfortable ; suppose that neatness 

 and industry, and economy and good order perva- 

 ded our whole limits, and that in all these respects 

 there was a manifest improvement from year to 

 year, — what might we not say in regard to it ? 

 Might we not e.\claiin, with the Bible, "Happy is 

 that people that is in such a case".- But suppose 

 we allow our fancy to take a more extensive flight, 

 and instead of confining this goodly prospect to a 

 single county, you allow it to cover the whole of 

 our beloved mother State ; how beautiful the sight, 

 how lovely the picture ! 



" And may not all this be realized.' I answer 

 with confidence that it may ; and I hereby pledge 

 myself, that if God please to spare my life, I will 

 use my best endeavors, year after year, to bring 

 my farm to this state of things. Brethren of the 

 Agricultural and Horticultural Society of Henrico 

 County, will not you pledge me to the same ? 

 Then the work is in a great measure done. If 

 each individual will act, the whole mass must ne- 

 cessarily be moved. 



" I close with one more remark. Citizens of 

 Richmond, who are no farmers, but who are deep- 

 ly interested in tho events of this day : You see 

 the objects of this Society — it is to make ourcoun- 

 try smile with beauty — it is to make it teem with 

 plenty and abundance — it is to elevate the charac- 

 ter of our farnicrs, and to make them, in all instan- 

 ces, intelligent and useful members of society. 

 Will you not come forward and aid us in this good 

 work ?" 



Kroin tho .Mutk-I.oin: (Kng.) Kxprmi 



BREWERS' GRAINS— A MOST VALUABLE 

 MANURK. 



Sir Having ubnerved some time since the re- 

 markable luxuriance of the grass cm a Binnll por- 

 tion of land upon which «ome brewers' grain" had 

 been Kcallernd, I was induced to manure several 

 meadows with grains mixed with stable dung, and 

 a foiv acres with grains only. The crop of hay is 

 an extraordinary one off tho land manured with 

 grnins and stable dung together; but from the land 

 iimnureil with grnins atone, the crop is prodigiout. 

 On one part of a steep declivity, where the ordina- 

 ry produce has been about 10 or 12 cwt. of hay to 

 the acre, and the quality very coarse, a good sprink. 

 ling of grains was strewed, leaving the other part 

 of Uio same ground untouched. Where the groins 

 were spread, there is more than two tons of hay 

 to the acre, and the grass is of the finest quality ; 

 where no grains were applied, the crop is as usual, 

 both as to quantity and quality. 



In addition to tiie abundance of the crop, is the 

 advantage of its earliness. On the 2'Jlh of May I 

 mowed a field manured with grains. The grass 

 was over-ripe, and might have been cut a week 

 sooner. The neighboring fields, not so manured, 

 will be full three weeks later. This is a matter 

 of no little importance in this part of the country, 

 where the weather is generally dry about the end 

 of May and bnginiiing of June, when there is no 

 grass fit to cut; and almost invariably wet about 

 the end of June and beginning of July, when all 

 the farmers are busy hny-making. 



I am now applying another dressing of grains, 

 where the hay has been carried ; and will report 

 to you the effect upon tho after-grass. 



It remains to be ascertained what quantity of 

 grains should be u^ed to the acre; also the best 

 season to apply them ; and the condition in which 

 they should be, in order to produce the greatest 

 effect. To these poinU I will give particular at- 

 tention. I am inclined to think that the grains 

 cannot be too fresh ; and that they should be laid 

 on a very short time before the grass begins to 

 grow, as theireffect is apparent in a few days. 



The expcrimeuts already made, most clearly 

 demonstrate that grains are a very economical and 

 most efficient manure for meadow land. I expect 

 they will be found equally valuable for other crops, 

 and especially for barley; being of opinion that 

 vegetation is most rapidly promoted by manuring 

 plants in general with their own species in a state 

 of decay. This theory harmonizes with the ordi- 

 nary course of nature, in the fall of the leaf; and 

 is forcibly illustrated and confirmed by the facta 

 adducsd in Dr. Justus Liebig's admirable work, to 

 which you recently directed the attention of your 

 readers. 



I remain, sir, yours faithfully, 



W. H. BUCKLAND. 



The cold and shrivelled hand of time is doubly 

 industrious : he not only plucks up flowers, but lie 

 plants thorns in their stead ; and punishes the bad 

 with thlie recollections of the past, the sufferings 

 of the present, and the anticipation of the future, 

 until death becoiiios their only remedy, because 

 life hath become their only disease. — Lacon. 



Ao Go. — A Tennessee paper stales that the 

 Americans who were employed by the British gov- 

 ernment to go to India to see if it was practicable 

 to introduce our mode of raising and preparing 

 cotton there, have returned, and declare the project 

 cannot succeed. 



It is with honesty in one particular, as with 

 wealth ; those that have the thing care less about 

 the credit of it than those who have it noL — Lacon. 



