6-2 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER, 



AIG. 85, 1841. 



A.Nn HORTICULTURAL RKOISTER. 



Boston, Wednesday, Aogost 26, 1841. 



SALT LEY, OR SPENT LEY. 

 In the manuHicmre of liard or bar soap; much ley it 

 run ofl. Aslws, lime, salt nnd greasn, are |uit inio ihe 

 builcr :hi(1 the li')' contains a |)iirii'in of each of these 

 ingred'i.;nt9. Each of these moy be a fertilizer. And I 

 may not ihe ley be serviceable on the land ? We were | 

 told last winter, that Hon. \Vm. JacUsnn, of Newton, 

 had used the Icy from his f.ictory for several ye.irs, upon 

 grass lands, and ihat he had furnished his nnigh'iors 

 with tint arliclc for use upon iheir fields. Upon inquiry, 

 we learned that several farmers who have tried it, con- 

 linue to i,u'. it upon their grounds. In past years they 

 have used it only upon the grass; but this season it has 

 been appli';d wh. re corn, pntat^es, carrots, and the like 

 have been planted. We have recently visited some 

 fields where it has been used, and the result of our oh- 

 servalion is, that crops upon it, excepting where the 

 land is (piiie dry, grow very well ; but since other ma- 

 nures wi re used with this, it is not easy to say precisely 

 how far Uie ley is beneficial. More good would result 



APPLKS-HOW SHALL TIIEY BE USED? 



The custom which once required ilie farmer to have 

 a cider-cellar, and to lay in annually a large supply of 

 the juice of the apple for the purposes of h.ispitalily and 

 family consumption, has lost ilsliold in this region. The 

 article is not wanted at home, and very many of our 

 farmers are unwillmij to lurnish it for ihc market. But 

 the orchards still stand and yield their fruit. Much of 

 the fruit is unpalatable and of no value as an article of 

 sustenance or luxury in the Ijinily. What shall be 

 done with it .' 



We have had pi^'S grow well for a few weeks, when 

 their principal fond was the wormy and immature ap- 

 ples which they gi.thered under the trees in tlie orchard. 

 We have known the quantity of milk increased by fur- 

 nishing a cow regularly with a peck of uncooked apples 

 pprday. — We have, year alter year, seen swine fatten, 

 and cattle /u((fn very Irecly, when fed upon apples and 

 meal boiled together. It is true that tliey will fallen 

 well upon boiled meal without the apples; but we have 

 no doubt that a free use of apples greatly lessens the 

 quantity of meal required. Some have considered the 

 apples worth as much per bushel as potatoes for the pur- 

 poses here named; but this is probably fixing upon 

 ihemtoohighn value. We consider them worth half 

 as murli as potatoes for producing meat ; and if this be 

 the fact, they pay well for gathering and cooking. If 



MaaiachtiietU Horticultural Society. 



EXHIBITION or rnviTS. 



Saturday, .lug. 21 



By S. Pond— Early Apricot, Royal de Tours, Pond> 

 Seedling, Italian Uainask, Uuane's Purple, Binghiim, 

 and Blue .Mo^ul I'luins — all remarkably fine. '1 he last 

 nimeil, Mr Pond does not consider worthy of cultiva- 

 tion. I 

 By A. U. Williams— William's Favorite Apples-J 

 very fine ; also, fine Ked Currants, and a seedling A|K 

 pie. 



By J. M. Ives — Citron of Sirenlz and Bloodgood 

 Pears, and I'ransparent Sweet, a seedling Crab Apple ' 

 By S. Walker — Summer Franc real Pears. 

 By J. C. Lee — Trinidad and Black Hamburg Grapei 

 very fine. 



Bv J. F. Allen— Summer Franc real Pears; Figs; 

 Black Hamburg, Baisaurabe and Consiai tia Grapes, and 

 renjjinc Peaehe-. The Figs were ihe finest ever eilu 

 bited in the rooms, and were truly delicious. 



By Otis Johnson — Folheringham Plums — rerij fine. 

 By Jno. A. Kenriek — Washington, Duane's Purple, 

 Smith's Orleans and While Gage Plums; Orangi 

 Sweeling, Priestley Sweeiing and William's Favorit 

 Apples ; Yellow Siberian Crab Apples ; Summer Frani 

 real Pears. 



By J. L. L. F. Warren — River Apples; Eaily Royal 

 ieoroe anil two other varieties of Peaches. 



... .. .1 ■ J.... f., :,„ ine laci, lliey pay weii lui etiiiieiiiig «ii« ».«,.«, .i^. 



from its app cat on in wet times, than m dry ; for Us ,. . , i ■ , ■ r , .ii .„ „. r.r ;„ 



"^ ■" , ,, , r .1 „„ r„„ two bushes of giain and SIX of apples will go as far in 



inniiencea aotiarent v resemble those of the urine from *» i u , r / j 



inlluenu3app.ireuv, ,„„^^ J fatteninj; our animals as three bushels of grain, (and our 



all'e when in the pasture. Lvcry farmer Rnowa ' 



that ill a hot and dry lime, the grass perishes where the 

 urine is voided ; and he knows equally well that the 



urine in wet weather increases the growth of grass. So 

 It is apparently with this ley. (Ji nerally no harm has 

 resulted, even in the drought of the last month, to the 

 crops in Newton, which are upon land that had the ley 

 applied U) it in May. There need bo lillle apprehen- 

 sion of huriii, unle.<6 the ley be put in the hill, or direct- 

 ly under the seed. Where it has been spread upon 

 corn land and harrowed in, the corn grows well— hut 

 in one place in Wcnham, » here /o</(/er cum in drills 

 was pui upon the ley in June, the corn failed to vege- 

 tate well, and much of what came up withered and per- 

 ished ; ili"ugh the stalks which survived are now doing 

 well. 



We are using this article. Having procured a li^ht 

 box, imide I. f pine jilank, 10 ft. long, 4 ft. wide, and 2 ft. 

 deep, anil fixed it upon the wagon axletrees, w.; procure 

 loads of about COO galls, each. This we cart 5 miles.— 

 In one si. le of the box is a plug filling a two-inch auger 

 hole. Fur the purpose of unloading, this plug is taken 

 out, and ilie ley is run into heaps of soil or of muck — 

 The load of UOO gallons will saiurate from I l-'i to 2 1 2 

 cords. This is thrown over once or tw lie, and at any 

 convenient time is spread upin the land. We have 

 not yet had opportunity to ascertain iia ilTectSjbut are 

 BO well persuaded that it will ho beneficial, that we 

 shall continue through this season to haul all that is run 

 into the cistern from which we draw. The manufactu- 

 rer of s.>np put down a cistern which holds 2100 gallons, 

 and put into it a pump, placed so high that the liquid ia 

 pumped directly into ihe wagon or box. On iho top 

 the bin is a slide, ahimt ono fool si|uiire, through whicli 

 the ley is adihitteil.— We pay for ihe urtiein at present, 

 *2 per load of 600 gallons. Whether this article is 

 worth its cost, wo do not yet know ; and we should 

 have made no mention of it at present, hut for our wish 

 that alt ■ lion may be drawn to whatever promises to he 

 serviceable as a manure, and that its virliics should be 

 proved by all who are willing to make experiments. 



general observations le.id lis to the conviciion lliat they 

 will,) then the orchard of native fruit is worth preserv- 

 ing ; and the meanest apples are vvorlh picking 



If any. swayed by devotion to a good cause, have laid 

 the axe at the mnt of the apple tree, for the purpose of 

 lessening the ills which excess brings upon man, we 

 may honor the motive, but we cau have little respect 

 lor the wisdom of such men. 



The worth of apples as fiiod fiir both man and the 

 brute, has not generally been put so high as we should 

 rale it. That the apple itself is highly nutritious — ;hat 

 it will su|iport life and preserve strength and heallh 

 when used as the principal fiioil, maybe denied; and 

 yet it gives flavor and relish to many of the common ar- 

 ticles of diet ; and taken in connexion with them, assists 

 in giving heallh and strength to the system. Our opin- 

 ion of lis value is such that we have penned ihis short 

 article for the purpose of invliing all who have this fruit 

 on their fanis, to make some fair trial of its worth. 



Some may be deterred from giving uncooked apples 

 to cows, by the remembrance that when the cows have 

 broken into the iirchaid in some former year, they have 

 been harmed by the apples We will ask such men if 

 their cows have not also sulTered at times from feeding 

 too freely upon clover or succulent grasses? And if 

 they reply in the afTirinativf , it must be admitted that 

 the objection may properly be to the quantity ealeii and 

 not lo the nature ofthe article. Cows will injure them- 

 selves if allowed to inko as many apples as Ihey are dis- 

 posed to eat; and yet when furnished with them daily, 

 and in qii?,^tity not oxcceiliiig ten or twelve quarls per 

 "f\ day, no sulTenn;; is experienced by llio animals. One 

 I trial made several years since, sati-fied Ihe experimen- 

 ter that n pei.k of row apples given daily lo a cow, in 

 the winter, increased her milk daily by one quart. Bui 

 while we allciiipt to show thai apples may safily and 

 pri'filably he given lo the stock in an uncooked stale, 

 we with in have it understood that this is not the state 

 in which it is brst that they should be used. 



By ihe President, Col. Wilder— Bloodgood Pears ; Bi 

 roni do. ; Graversiein Apples — fine ; also, a basket con 

 tainiog several other varieties; some fine Peaches, a 

 Pond's Seedling Plum. 



By B. V. French — River and William's Favorite Aji. 

 ple«-fine. 



By lion. Elijah Vosc — Seedling Peaches. l- 



By John llovey — Yellow >iberian Crab, a French tM|| 

 riely of Crab, and William's Favorite Ap| Ics. ||| 



By Mr Lovering — Duane's Purple Plum ' 



By Mr Breed — .\ basket ol very fine Peaches. 



Mr Brown, of BeverU , presented for dislrihuhon, sci- 

 ons of a fine new variety of Pear, called the Buaden, thi 

 fruit of which he exhibited. 

 For the Committee, 



JOHN KENRICK. 



~ Pi 



EXHIBITION or rI,0WKBS. 



Satuiilay, .lug. 21 



From Messrs. Hovey & Co. — Gladiolus, Sredlinjj * 

 Verbena'', Phi >x Drummondi, Poriulacca spuciora, Paa> 

 sies and Bouquets. 



From H. W. Dutton— Dahlias. 

 From Miss Sumner— Bouquets. 

 Fioni B. E. Cutting — Naiive plants, including Lialri 

 seariosa, ("lemalis viiginica, Lobelia eardinalis, &c. 



From Wm. E. Carter, Botanic Garden— Ked Watel 

 Lily and a varieiv of cut flowers. 



From S K. J.. I'ln^nn— Verbenas, Roses, Double BtMl^ 

 sams, Phlox Druiiunondi, &c. •' 



From Win. Kenriek — Bouquets and cui flowers. 

 From A. H. H'. vey— Gladiolus fl-ribundus. 

 From Messrs Winship — Bouquets and cut flowers. 

 From C. McClure— Dahlias. 



From M. P. Wilder — fine Dahlias; among whicl 

 were Cox's Constanlia, Cox's lUval Revenge, Marshi' 

 Soiill, Brees' Rosa, Annoi Lysle, Eva, <X.c. 

 From S Walker— fine large Bnuquets. 

 From S Sweelser — Kosi-s and Verbenas. 

 From the Public Garden — two pots of Porliilace 

 Thellusnnii ; one do. Gloxinia speclosa, and one lin 

 plant of Abuiilon striata — all fine specimens. 



Contribiiiors of Dahlias and othei flowers, are i -i . si 

 cd to write the names of such as are considered wurih 

 of special notice. 



For the Commiltee, 



JOSEPH BRECK. 



The value ofan annual crop of grain and potatoes in 

 the U. S. la cslimaied al 300,000,01 dollari. 



There are two things whichonght lo loach us to think 

 but mcniilv of human glory: Ihc very best men have 

 h<d their caliiniiiiaturs, and the very worst llicir pane- 

 gyrists. — Liicon. 



Garden seeds require collecting ns fast as they hi com 

 ripe. The best way is to cm oil the stems which hoi 

 the ripened seeds, and lie them in bundles, uniil the' 

 can beeonveiiicnlly cleaned. Where seeds are not ful' 

 ripe, u large p.rtion of stems attached, will often affoi 

 nourishment enough to coinpleic the process — Gen. F( 



J. Lossing, of Albany, recently sold a Berkshire bo 

 and sow, the former f"r $2110 and ihe latier for $300.J 

 The boar with his cagu weighed UfO lbs. They wo 

 bought by W. P. Curd, uf Kentucky. 



