vol.. XX.NO. 0. 



AND HORTICULTURAL REGISTER. 



67 



igliin;;, as by tlio stinj of nnotlicr hco. Somo 

 ics the slron;;pr insect produces llie donth of llio 

 aquUlieil by si|ueciin|^ its clicsL Adcr this feat 

 I bcMi done, tlio victorioiH boo conslantly re- 

 ins near bis victim, stnndinij on his fonr front 

 rs, and rubbing the two posterior ones together, 

 melimcs iho enemy is killed in the hive; then 

 I victor nlwnys carries the corpse out of the 

 J, and leivos it. These combats ate strictly du- 

 ; not more than two bcin^j concerned in them ; 

 ] this is even the case where armies of bees 

 et in combat. — AVw Havtn Fanners' Gnzdte. 



3\V METHOD OF T.\NNI.NG LE.\T1IF.R. 



A new method of tannins' h.i3 been introduced 

 a Mr Hoivd, an account of which is given in 

 ! Wayne Standard. It amounts to this. An 

 -ti'iht, cylindrical vat is constructed, with nn 

 lice lor putting in the skins, with pipes by which 

 admit and discharge the liquor, and with an air- 

 np lor the purpose of exhausting the air from 

 hin the vat. Having suspended some skins, 

 pared in the ordinary way, and produced, as 

 rly as possible, a vacuum with the air-pump, 

 le cold hemlock liquor is, after an hour, admit- 

 and sutTered to remain ten minutes. It is then 

 barged, and the vat e.vhausted of air and kept 

 or an hour ; then the liquor is again admitted 

 ten minutes and discharged. After repeating 

 process sl.ic times, a piece of calf skin of ordi- 

 thickness, was taken out, dried and curried, 

 by good judges pronounced to be a first rate 

 unequalled quality of leather. To thicker and 

 ier skins the liquor is admitted from twelve to 

 teen times. Some pieces when curried, were 

 ared by evfjcrienced shoemakers and tanners 

 e hnndsomer, stronger and more flexible leath- 

 han if tanned in the old way. The time re- 

 ed is from twelve to ihirtysix hours, 

 he theory of the process is this. The exhaus- 

 of the air from the vat removes from the skin 

 atmospheric pressure which is a chief princi- 

 of capillary attraction, and causes a rapid evap- 

 ition, by which the uncharged water and galic 

 jn the skins are thrown off, and also produces 

 luction of temperature which etTects a contrac- 

 of fibre in the skins, thereby further e.xpelling 

 uncharged water, and thus affords to the liq- 

 hcii admitted, a more easy and ready pene- 

 Dn into them. 



tery, great attention nliould b<; paid to the skin, to 

 keep the pores constantly open and the surface 

 moist. Tho determinations being outward, rather 

 limn inward, as they are when the disease is pro- 

 gressing, will disehnrgo the oflciiding causes 

 through tho pores and thus relieve the system of n 

 burden, which seeking a different and unhealthy 

 channel of communication, increases the infiaiiiina- 

 tion, which in due tiino is followed by mortifica- 

 tion an<l death. We .-ihould as soon think of rub- 

 bing brandy on to a sore upon the skin, occasioned 

 by the scraping off of the flesh, with a view to heal 

 it, as to turn so violent a medicine into the inflamed 

 and bleeding intestines. In case nf diurrhiT'a, this 

 may be a useful prescription, because it will stimn- 

 lale the cold system and arouse it to an eflort to 

 throw off the disease; but in cases of dysentery, it 

 is but adding fuel to tho fire. — Maine Cult. 



DYSENTERY. 



3 the season of dysentery, which is a very fa- 

 ompluint, is near by, suffer us to advise pa- 

 i to keep their children by all means from un- 

 and indigestible fruit and exposures to colds, 

 n a patient is attacked by dysentery, give him 

 derate dose of castor oil — no drastic physic — 

 enuu^'h gently to remove the offending con- 



of the bowels, and put him to a generous 

 L The skin has an important office to per- 

 in tho cure of this disease. Let mucilagi- 



driiiks. such as slippery elm, mallows, buck- 

 , break root, &.C., be given freely, to operate 

 she;ithing for the inflamed intestines. This 

 e Ireaiuient, pursued in season, may save the 



of your children, and the expense of a doc- 

 bi'.l. Many people do not seem to know that 

 hcEa is not dysentery. They are widely dif- 

 t diseases, and should have different treat- 

 In the one case, the bowels are cold — in 

 ther, healed and inflamed. In case of dysen- 



BIRDS AND THEIR NESTS. 



By making the performance of indispensable dii. 

 ties delighllul, and by proportioning the sense or 

 degree of pleasure to the importance of the act, the 

 Supreme Being seems to oonsummate His designs, 

 and to govern the world by means that strikingly 

 display the beneficence of His nature; since, 

 through his omnipotence, every thing might have 

 been accomplished by compulsatory and arbitrary 

 laws. 



This principle is beautifully illustrated in what, 

 at first sight, appears the least pleasurable path of 

 duty, — in the nidification of birds; though upon it 

 depends the continuance of the species ; and, 

 when attentively considered, it affords a fine ex- 

 emplification, not only of the tcisilom of God in the 

 creation, but of his f:ooJness. I allude to the feel- 

 ing, or sentiment, which animates and gives joy to 

 the breast of a bird, during what appears to us, the 

 irksome and arduous task of incubating her eggs. 



To the eye of a careless observer, the spectacle 

 of a little bird cowering close to the earth, in some 

 solitary spot, under the waving canopy of a broad 

 leaf or tuft of grass — remote from communion with 

 her old associates — neglectful of all those little 

 niceties and personal attentions of trimming ami ' 

 smoolhening her plumage, which heretofore she I 

 had been wont to perform with so much care — re- 

 linquishing her favorite haunts by the brook, the • 

 spray, or the grove — no longer free to enjoy her 

 morning excursicms through the clear azure of 

 heaven, to hail the rising orb of day — forgetting, 

 almost to gather tho necessary supply of food — sit- 1 

 ting for days and nights and weeks together, on a 

 little bed of weeds, careless whether it be light or 

 dark, hot or cold, wet or dry, and wholly regardless 

 of every thing which, but a short time before, had 

 yielded her delight ; — to such an observer, a spec- 

 tacle like this might appear not only extraordinary, 

 but even unaccountably stupid; and he would at 

 least consider it as an instance of singular and dis- 

 tressing patience. But tho true philosopher of na- 

 ture knowg the real state of the case to be far 

 from being either painful, or an exciting cause of 

 pity. He knows that the most dear, sweet, tender, 

 important and interesting of all sentiments, is at 

 that time pervading the whole palpitating bosom 

 of the little bird, and imparting to it a joy the most 

 thrilling and unutterable. 



It is in marking the birth and progress of this 

 secret, mysterious, impulse, that we are able to 

 perceive its force and utility. If the duty of incu- 

 bation had not been accompanied, as it is, by sen- 



sations of tho highest pleasure, wu may readily im- 

 agine that, from tho trouble and privation-i to be 

 supported during its continuance, there wouhl have 

 been great danger of its not being performed at 

 all ; and, consequently, a risk of extinction to that 

 race of animals. But, by n wise dmpcnHalion of 

 Providence, tho exquisite feelings of joy by which 

 this service is accompanied, are inado to increase 

 exactly in proportion to the necessity tliero exists 

 for the allontions of the parent. Thus, in the ea'ly 

 stages of incubation, this pleasurable sensation to 

 which I am alluding, is felt only in n small degree ; 

 but, with the deposito of each succeeding egg, it 

 increases in fervor, till, at length, when the whole 

 number are laid, it has reached such a height and 

 constancy, that the bird finds she can no longer 

 endure an absence from them; she therefore coy. 

 ers and presses them close to her bosom, and as, 

 by the genial warinih of her body, the embryo 

 gradually matures, her attention and assiduity be- 

 come more and more fixed, and her whole existence 

 seems absorbed in that critical moment when tho 

 shell cracks, opens, and the trembling naked little 

 youngling tumbles into active life. 



Hitherto, the pleasures of the parent seem to 

 have consisted in u total abstraction of all her fac- 

 ulties from external objects, in delightful reverien 

 of fancy, or in dreams of the future. She seems 

 to have been looking forward with pleasing, patient 

 hope, for the period when her little ones should 

 break from their imprisonment, and become tenants 

 of the air. Converting, by these means, what 

 would otherwise be a painful task, into the most 

 delightful employment of her existence. Now, 

 when she finds the reward of her assiduity ; when 

 she feels her new-born progeny crowding to her 

 downy breast; she is all life and spirit From tho 

 earliest dawn to the fall of twilight, she is constant- 

 ly on the wing, seeking far and near for tho food 

 suitable for them. She seems never weary, is nev- 

 er negligent. The cries of her callow brood are 

 continually sounding in her ear. She feels that 

 they require her constant care, and she gives it — 

 But in the midst of all this interesting bustle, it is 

 curious and instructive to observe, that from the 

 moment in which the young are emancipated from 

 the egg-shells, tho period when attention is most 

 necessary, the fervor and constancy of affection in 

 the parent gradually abates as they become feather- 

 ed and acquire strength. The period of hatching 

 is the grand climax ; before that time it has been 

 gradually increasing ; afterwards, it as gradually 

 declines, exactly in the ratio of the necessity, till 

 it is no longer required, when it ceases altogether, 

 and the offspring are left to shift for themselves. 

 So wise, so regular, so unerring, are the laws which 

 govern this beautiful creation. — Folhergill's Phi- 

 losophy ofA/alural History. 



Swedish Stables — In Sweden the horse stables 

 are never littered at all. Tho floors of the stable 

 are planked ; the planks perforated with holes, su 

 that no wet can remain on them; and these planks 

 kept clean, are the only bedding allowed. To this 

 method of treating their horses, (strange as it ap- 

 pears to Englishmen, or those who litter their sta. 

 bles carefully,) the Swedes attribute the soundness 

 of their horses' feet, as it is quite uncommon to 

 meet with a lame or foundered horse in Sweden, 

 that has been so stabled. 



We are ruined not by what we want, but by 

 what we think wc want. 



