H ifoi., XX. NO. ■Jr. 



AND II O 11 T I C U L T U R A h K E G I S T K R . 



•213 



noil of weeds, wlilcli nre iiUo ilrnwn into the 



onr by liaiidliociii);. Wlicro bono dust liu 



n iisod, it \s rocoiiimonilcd rntlicr In thin tlio 



iK by pulliivi; than by (>trikin>; (lie lior throupli 



^ n, nn \n lliiM way loss of llio bone innnuro in 



,j wn off from llie root« of llic lurni|is. Aflor ten 



wclvc day!), when the weeds have hud time to 



I ler and tlio pUnli have recovered ihcir uprinhi 



tion, a sciilHcr is run alonjf between the rows, 



iiifj the s.iil «hich llio little plow hnd laid 



e, and sinkinj; tlic wccila with which it is mix 



, the turnips are again hand-hoed, and after a 



Ic, unless a tendency to weeds renders another 



in<r necessnry, in winch case the sciilller may 



ifjBin applied, also, s double mould-board plow 



iin alonj, layniff the soil back against the sides 



he drill, but not so hi<;fh as ot all to cover up 



bulb, which would prevent the frrowth of the 



lip. This is the linishinj process, previous to 



h the little plow and scntfler will have been 



MANNER OF SOWING GRASS SKED IN 



ENGLAND. 



Grass sccdc are universally sown by a drill 



which lays them with great ro^'iilurity, and avoids 



:ili the inconvenieiu'o and uiici|iial dlvlribution <ic- 



casiuneil by iiiifavorablo winds in Noninj; by hand. 



It is drawn by one horse, and ntlrndud by u man 



who drives the horse with reins while ho walks 



behind the mncliine and sees that all is poin^ riiflil. 



I Till! horse walks in the furrow between the rid^jos, 



j which keeps him in a straij.'lit course, and the ma- 



cliiiio sows to the middlo of tlin n<l|;es on each side, 



j lipiMij constructed to sow 12 or l.'i feci, as may he 



I required, and to deliver various quantities of seed, 



uccordiiiff to the amount per acre wished to be 



'sown. All descriptions of seeds intended for sow. 



I injf, arc mi.ved thoroughly together by frequent 



i turning on the granary (loor before being carried 



I to tl>e Held and put into the niacliine. A man and 



, , , , , liorsn will easily sow 30 acres in a day on ridges 



e or ess frenuentlv emplovcd, as the tondcncv ' ,-irr . i o i i . 



' , ■ ,. \. , , I ,. ■ I ol 1.1 teot wide. !>ecds sown upon wheat arc coin- 



or an unkindiv state of the land from ! , ,, , i i- i .i i i .i -.i u 



, , ■ ,, I in Milv rolled and lightly harrowed ; those with bar- 



vv rains or other causes, may render advisab e. , ■ . .i •• ■ . .i 



• . , , , lev arc sown at the same time, j. e., previous to the 



;re is, however, great truth in the common say- , '. , -.i .i i u i ■ i .i i 



' , *^. , last turn with the harrow by which the seeds arc 



■' the more the irons are among the turnips, 



I the leaves begin to spre.id across the inlcr- 

 > between the rows, the better ;" even if there 



no weeds to overcome, the turning back and 

 »ard of the soil, and the free admission of air, 

 c a great effect in promoting the health and 

 wih of the plants. 



Properties nf the Turnip affected by Soil and Cli- 

 e. — The superior feeding quality of the turnips 



sorllmmberland and the counties north of Tweed 

 e-xoilod the surprise of agriculturists from Cain- 

 ge and other counties where good turnips arc 



Juced, but which they say will not bring stock 



naturily without adventitious aid. This may 

 from a coinbination of causes — the greater 



bility and loaniincss of the soil, the larger sixe 



the turnips and their more solid texture, from 

 greater moisture in general of the climate. 



ry are certainly less subject to the ravages of 

 fly at the ou'.set, and of mildew afterwards ; for 



covered, a roller following to leave a smooth sur 

 face. The seeds sown consist of a mixture of 

 red and white clover, a little trefoil, perennial rye 

 grass, and occasionally timothy or Italian rye gra.^s 

 and cocksfoot : in the portion intended for hay, a 

 larger quantity of red cimer is introduced and less 

 of some of the others: clover hay is thought to bo 

 improved for horse feed by a rai.vturc of rye grass, 

 anil it is more easily made. 



The drill for sowing grass seeds is an important 

 improvement (by its equal distribution of the seed 

 over the land, its capability of sowing in any wind, 

 and its lightness, with which a man and horse can 

 easily sow thirty acres a day,) over the old plan of 

 sowing by hand, which was obstructed by wind 

 and rain, and where one patch wonld be found 

 much too thick and another destitute of plants, so 

 as to leave a good deal of land unoccupied. It is 

 not possible to ascertain the fa-.l with precision. 



but 1 do not hesitate to stale an opinion, that l-nd 

 ugh frequently attacked by the fly, they arc I sown by such a machine will produce ii-.iire li.->y, 

 dom overcome by it. Their success in this re- and grcize a greater quantity of stock than that lelt 



ct may be mainly ascribed to the vigor with 



ich the plants generally come up in consequence 



the mode of cultivation : pains are taken to have 



anure in a proper stage of fermentation, so 



t it may be spread smoking in the drills and 



ered up immediately — a process (that of fermen- 



on) which it is belter should go on under the 



face than above it, although in a crop like lur- 



I, where the object is to produce an immediate 



ect, nothing being of so much impoitaneo to its 



cess as a rapid and unchecked growth in the 



t stage, a more advanced stage of decomposition 



necessary than in the case of wheat and crops 



ich continue for many months to flraw their 



urishment from the soil and the manure incorpo- 



ed with it. The Northumberland farmer places 



manure, of whatever kind, in the situation 



lere the plants must at once strike into it, and 



the more delighted the greater ilifficulty he ex- 



riences in keeping up with hoeing tliem ; while 



3 mode of sowing, much used in the midland 



unties, upon a flat surface with a large portion 



the dung drawn to the top and left to the influ- 



ce of the sun and wind, fills him with astonish- 



ent. 



Do'nt forget to card the cows daily. 



in the patchy condition which follows the unequal 

 distribution of small seeds liy the hand, subject al- 

 ways to the fitful iiifliirnce of the wind.s. Corn 

 drills arc not in general use, because the land is 

 well cleaned for the turnip crop, and unless for the 

 extirpation of weeds, broad-cast sowing produces 

 more corn, the land being more erpially accessible 

 by the roots, which draw nourishment from all its 

 parts; whereas in drills tley are clustered in nar- 

 row rows, and the ears arc less regularly exposed 

 to the sun, especially if the drills lie from cast to 

 west. Rollers, scufflers, scarifiers, and other im- 

 plements, are imicli the same as those found in 

 other districts ; the double turnip driil with rollers, 

 sowing two rows at once, is universally used. — 

 Jour. Eng. Jltrr- Soe. 



his own olfspring. lions above tho coiniiiun size 

 of their rCKperiive varieties, arc by no moans pre- 

 fnrablo cither os loy<'rs or setters. Tho indica- 

 tions of old ngi- are paleness of the comb nnd gills, 

 I dullness nf color, a sort of stitViicHi in the down 

 ' and feathers, len/ftli and sizn of tslnns, and the 

 Ixcnlrsupon the legs becoming large and pruiiii- 

 i nent. 



Qualijiculionii of <i Poullrii-kefper.—\ncxtent\vo 

 farms, there must nlwiiys bo a person that can bo 

 depended on, fur the management of fowls, nn of- 



I fice usually entrusted to an elderly woman nr a 



j girl. To acquit herself |>ropcrly of this employ, 

 she must be cleanly, careful, mild, patient, clever, 

 attentive and vigilant; when all these qiinlilios arc 



< combined in her, she is a perfect treasure, and 

 ought not to be pirted with for slight cause. 



ller first duty in coming into office, is to try to 

 render herself liked by the fowls the management 

 of which is cnlnistcd to her, to maintain peace 



I amongst them, to settle their quarrels, to make her- 

 self acquainted with the peculiar disposition of 

 each, to distinguish those that are not so shy, by 

 speaking to them in a language which they under- 

 stand, and by evincing her affection for them by 

 caressing gestures. No one except the keeper 

 whom the fowls knoiv, and the voice and si»ht of 

 whom rejoices them, must go into the hen house, 

 for fear of scaring or disturbing tho hen< in laying. 

 The inconvenience would be still greater, were a 

 stranger to go and disturb them when they are 

 silting, or tending their chickens. 

 The keeper should also know — 



1. That raisin stones stop the laying of hens, 

 and that during which time their use must be for- 

 bade them. 



2. That very nourishing and slightly salted food 

 are favorable to it. 



3. That the pip giving notice that the hens have 

 experienced a dearth of water, or have drank some 

 foul, she must, after making them undergo the oper- 

 ation which is proper in this case, pay attention 

 in. giving them always plenty of good water, being 

 oaraful to let them have it lukewarm in winter. 

 '%<!. That in a looseness occasioned by too moist 

 food, she must give them that which is dry and 

 rather astringent. 



.5. That in costivencss, it is useful to employ 

 loosening food, such as beet root, lettuce. &c. 



6. That in ihe itch, or other diseases of the skin, 

 it is good to cool them with potherbs chopped up 

 and mixed with bran soaked in water. 



7. That when they have the gout, she is warned 

 to take more care of the hen house. 



S. That when the shells of the eggs are rather 

 soft, it is because they are rather inclined to turn 

 fat. It is then proper t^i diminish their proportion ; 

 it is also proper to mix up a little chalk in their 

 water, and to put a little brick-dust in their victuals. 



9. In fine, that she must avoid giving them paste 

 of bitter almonds destitute of oil, bitter .iliiionda 

 being poison to them BoswelPs PouUnj Yard. 



POULTRY. 

 Sij^ns of He nil h and .l^e in Fowls. — The health 

 of fowls is observable in the fresh and florid color 

 of the comb, and the brightness and dryness of the 

 eyes, ilie nostrils being free from any discharge, 

 and the plumage of a healthy gloss. The most 

 useful cock is generally a bold, but savage and 

 active bird, cruel and destructive to his hens, in 

 his fits of passion, if not well watched, nnd even to 



Ji wife tporth having. — Miss Charlotte Mitchell, 

 of t-'forgia, was recently married; and on her 

 wrddiiig^diy appeared dressed entirely in sillc nf 

 her own ma'nufacture — cap, glove.s, stockings and 

 dress— equal to the best pongee. Lr.dies, do you 

 hear that? Such a girl, says the Baltimore Re- 

 publican, would ho worth more to a young man 

 just starting in the world, than a thousand dol- 

 lar farm, and half a dozen pianos to boot. 



