Ol.. XX. NO. 3a 



A N D H 11 T I C (J L T IT R A L R p] G I S T E R , 



28.5 



H)0,U(10 [Liiimls, nt an o.x(ifn.io of tnnro than 

 JO.OOO. .\ portion or (Ins naa iiiidiiubtcUly 

 rlod, lull most of it roinsincd for lioiiio con- 

 lion. More tlian .'lO.OOO.K.K) ponndH of «U|;ar, 

 fruiii tlio inapio and tlio beet root, woro prii- 

 d in 18-tl, in tlic Nortliorn, Middle, nnd West- 

 Sltiti's ; and, should tlio production of cornstalk 

 sucoood, as It now proniiNo.i to do, lliis nrli- 

 ust contribute greatly lo Icsaen the amount of 

 trd sugars, 



;ir. — Norlli Carolina, Pennsylvania, Virginia, 

 , and Indiana rank hi;;licst, in their order, in 

 production of wino. In Maryland, Georgia, 

 iiana, .Maine and Kentucky, somo thousands 

 lions are likewise produced. Two acres in 

 sylvnnia, cultivated by somo Germans, have 

 asl nimiinn yielded 1,500 gallons of the pure 

 of llic grnpc, and paid a nctt prolil of more 

 .■SIOOO. Still, the qunnlity produced is small, 

 culuvilion of both the native and foreign 

 , as a fruit for the table, seems to be an ob- 

 if increasing interest in particular sections of 

 ;ouiilry ; but any very decided odvances in 

 iroduct are scarcely to be expected. 



has thus been attempted to give at least a 

 i-cyc view of the articles enumerated in the 

 ar statistics. There are also a variety of olh- 

 iducts which might, perhaps, have been inclu- 

 n the agricultural statistics. These are hops, 

 beans, beets, turnips, nnd other roots and veg- 

 es ; the products of the dairy, of the orchard, 

 f the bee-hive ; wool, live slock, and poultry. 

 ■ interesting comparisons in relation to some 

 D above might be formed from the census sta- 

 , such as would exhibit in a sinking manner 

 sources our country possesses in the products 

 r soil and the labor of her hardy yeomanry ; 

 : has been deemed best to omit them in the 

 nt report, merely iubjoining the census sta- 

 s on these particular articles lo the tabular 

 Yet, in estimaling the home supply for the 

 nance and comfort both of man and beast, 

 • too should always be token into the occount, 

 very important item deserving notice. 

 »e whole of the summary now given, with the 

 glance taken at the various products, presents 

 :ountry as one richly favored of Heaven in 

 lie and soil, and abounding in agricultural 

 th Probably no country can be found on the 

 of the globe, exhibiting a more desirable va- 

 oftlie products of ihe soil, contributing lo the 

 nance and comfort of its happiness. From , 

 Gulf of -Mexico to our Northern boundary, 

 the Atlantic to the far West, the peculiari- 

 of climate, soil, and products, are great and 

 iblc. Vet these advantages admit of being in- 

 ieil more than an hundred fold. The whole 

 egatc of the bread stuffs, corn and potatoes, is 

 51^,510 bushels — which, estimating our present 

 lation at 1 7,8:3.'>,2 1 7, is about 35 2-3 bushels 

 ach inhabitant ; and, allowing 10 bushels to 



person — man, woman, and child — (which is 

 Ic the usual annual allowance as estimated in 

 ipe) — and we have a surplus product, for seed, 

 of stock, the purposes of manufacture and ex- 

 olion, of not less than 4-lG,166,340 busliels ; 



which, if we deduct one tenth of the whole 

 unl of the crops for seed, it leaves for food of 

 k, for manufactures and exportation, a surplus 

 t least 370,G5.3,()27 bushels. Including oats, 

 aggregate amount of the crops of grain, corn, 

 potatoes, is equal to nearly 7.5.5,200,000 bnsh- 

 or 42 1-3 bushels to each inhabitant. The 



niiiiiber ofpirson.^ imiil.iyid in ngriciilturo, accord- mill a VB»l debt, Ihnl can only bo honestly cancell- 

 111;; to tho census of I8'J0, wbh .■i,7l7,75(i. 'I'hiii, ed by much luinl irark. 



It H prcHnmed, refers to the male free white adult | Notwithstanding all this, tho daily importation 

 population. \,f good* (including many articles of luxury) goo* 



[Here follow remarks upon the extracting oil | forward to n truly alarming extent; Iwo Ihinla of 



and sugar from corn; of oil from the castor bean, 

 &c., which wc may give in a future paper. Mr 

 Ellsworth closes with the following just ubscrva- 

 lions:] 



While Great Britain and other foreign countries 

 have steadily pursued a policy designed nnd obri- 

 onsly tending to exclude our agriciillural products 

 from their trade, it becomes nn object of no small 

 consequence to us to evince, as the foregoing sta- 

 tistics have done, how much wealth we possess in 

 our .surplus products of wheat, and various other 

 articles of food, together with tho prospective in 



ichich are on J'urri^^n nrcoinil, (o be pitid for in spe. 

 cit or its tqiiivntcnl ! Without tlie nilmitled m<'ani 

 of liquidating the balances against us in foreign 

 countries, wo seem still madly bent on increasing 

 them. Eleven nnd n. half iiiillinns of dollars in 

 specie were shipped from the single port of New 

 Vi>rk within the hficen montliH preceditig January, 

 1812; and with such a drain going on continually, 

 every dollar of specie in the United States will 

 .soon be in:>nffirienl lo meet our liabilities abroad. 

 Stern necessity, however, will ore long extend her 

 laws over us, compelling iis lo limit our oxpondi- 

 crease of these and other products suited lo call | I'^cs to the actual income, nnd lo elVcLt exchanges 

 out the enterprise and industry of our people, and of ot agricultural products, either at homo or 

 which, on a fair reciprocity with foreign nations, ' "'•road, for the products of mechanical skill and 

 night greatly contribute to develope and enlarge \ industry. This would be the case, even were the 



the resources of our country. Should prolectiv 

 duties abroad continue to exclude our surplus pro- 

 ducts, the channels of present industry must be di- 

 verted lo meet the emergency. It may be well for 

 us to learn what makes us truly independent, and 

 also happy. Kxtravagance in coiiiiniinitics, as 

 well as in individuals, leads to inevitable embar- 

 rassment. Credit may, indeed, be used for a while 

 as a palliative, but the only effectual remedy is re- 

 trenchment and economy. When a constant 



amount of our surplus product likely lobe lessened. 

 Vet there is no reason to apprehend that our sur- 

 plus products will be diminished. On the contra- 

 ry, the stoppage of numerous canals, railroads, and 

 other works of internal improvement by the States, 

 will dismiss many laborers, who will resort lo agri- 

 culture and kindred pursuils ; so that the amount 

 of products r.iised will probably exceed (hose of 

 former years. The extensive tracts, too, of our 

 nnoccnpied soil invite emigration to our shores ; 



drain of the precious metals is pressing us to meet , ^"^ when wc consider the present extreme distress 

 the expenditures of our people for foreign imports, '" portions of the manufacturing districts of Great 

 nnd when foreign nations encourage a home policy j Britain, we are doubtless to expect a largo increase 

 by prohibitory duties on our products, .i becomes a'*"'" our population in future years from this c^use. 



serious question with us how far and in what di- 

 rections the industry now expended in raising a 

 surplus beyond our own wants, can be diverted to 

 other objects of enterpiise. To decide a question 

 of such magnitude and interest, reference must 

 obviously be had to the articles imported, to deter 



It is staled on high nulhority, that ns many as 

 20,000 persons die annually in Great Britain, from 

 the want of sufficient and wholesome food. Let 

 the fact of our vast surplus product of tho bread 

 stuffs and other articles of food become known 

 abroad, and is it not reasonable lo look for increas- 



inine what can be raised or produced in imr own '"S additions to the emigration from Burope to this 

 country ; and possibly it may be found that most of country ?— especially since the distance is now, as 

 the leading articles, either of necessity or luxury, '' '^ere, so much shortened, that a voyage may be 

 thus supplied, can be raised and perfected to advan-C°nipassen in 12 or 15 days. A line of steam 

 lage by the labor and skill of our own inhabitants. [P'^c'^et'i 'oo. '"^ '" conlcmplation, lo run from Bre- 

 The remedy thus lies ^within our own power. Our ['"en to one of our ports, with the design principally 

 true policy is to give'variety and stability to our of conveying emigrants, which, no doubt, will 

 productive industry. Extraordinary prices in par- [prove tho means of bringing to ns n hardy, indus- 

 ticular crops inevitably lead to dangerous extremes 'r'""-^ German population, most of whom will prob- 

 in the culture of the same, to the neglect of the ably engage in agriculture. With these additions 

 usual and necessary articles of produce. Cupidity | '" ''^^r laboring force, our growing country, if she 

 soon urges even the agriculturist into a spirit of ' be true to herself, offers an unwonted scope for 

 speculation, which too often terminates in great 1 exertion. The diversities of her climate, the va- 

 embarrassment, nnd sometimes in niter ruin. The i r'eties of her soil, her peculiar combination of pop- 

 credulity of Americans is provorbial ; and this has, I'lalion, her mineral, animal, agricultural, meclmni- 

 to some extent, been illustrated in the almost uni- j =»'' ""'' commercial wealth, developed as they may 

 versal mania thai attended the morn* mu/(icaWii 1 •*«= by a rightful regard lo her necessities, might 

 speculation: a single sprout sold for one dollar, ! 'hus place her at last in a situation as enviable for 

 when millions might be produced in one season. ' ''^r political and moral inlluence, as for the phy- 

 Incredulity, likewise, is sometimes vet more inju- i ^'Ci' energies she had called into life and action, 

 rious lo a community, as this shuts out all the light Our republic needs, indeed, only to prove her own 

 which science pouts in, and rests contented with ! ^'rength, nnd wisely direct her energies, to become 

 following the beaten path of traditionary leaders. | ^°^^ 1''°" «''o ''='s ever been, the point on which 

 Happy would it be for our country if the spirit of ll'^ ^^^ "^ »" Europe is fixed, ns a home of plenty 



.investigation and severe experiment should induce 



effort to lest principles, without diverting it from 



those channels of industry that will assuredly 



bring the comforts of life. The balance of trade 

 ■ against us, resulting from our improvidence, can 

 I no longer be settled, or, rather, as it might be said, to our space.] 



' postponed by ihe remittance of State securities, " 



' which seem to have run a brief career, leaving ^ man that is content with little, has enough. 



for the destitiite, and a field where enterprise reaps 

 ils sure and appropriate rnward. 



[We have been compelled, though reluctantly, 

 to abridge very considerably the valuable remarks 

 of the Commissioner, in order lo accommodate them 



