322 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER 



APRIL 13, 1641 It 



'iife climate is ivarm, and tlie soil good, twenty feet 

 Nisundcr is llio s^uituble distniice recommended for 

 the tree ; while on the eastern or Atliinlic Hide of 

 New Jersey, sixteen or seventeen feet asunder is 

 <ieenied sufEcient by some of their most experienc- 

 ed cultivators on good snils ; while farther north, 

 or on poorer soils, a less distance will suftice. Even 

 ten teet asunder answers well in the latitude of 

 Boston. 



The blossoms of the peach tree, as well as those 

 of the cherry are sometimes liable to be cut ofl" by 

 winter, or by spring frosts, which occur after the 

 cap has arisen; the danger in this case being caus- 

 ed by the occurrence of unusually warm weather, 

 "ither during an. open winter, or during the pro- 

 gress of a very early spring, which causes the tree 

 to advance prematurely. Those trees being more 

 especially exposed wluth are in warm and sunny 

 expositions, while those trees which are situated 

 on the north sides of hills, the most exposed to 

 cold winds, and on the north sides of fences and 

 of buildings, almost invariably escape. In Swit- 

 zerland, it has been stated that a mound of earth is 

 sometimes placed over tlm roots of trees in auUimn, 

 as a protection from winter frost, which is removed 

 in spring. Completely to protect the tree, and to 

 insure a crop of fruit in all situations and seasons, 

 let the surface of the earth beneath the tree, be 

 covered to the depth of eight or twelve inches, 

 either with leaves or coarse strawy manure, or with 

 coarse hay in January and February, and when 

 liard frozen. This will preserve the ground in a 

 frozen state, and cflectually retard the advance- 

 ment of the tree till the danger is past, and to a 

 late period in spring. 



The peach flourishes and ripens well its fruit 

 usually wherever and as far north as the Indian 

 corn or maize will produce a certain crop. But 

 by attending to the above directions, wo are per- 

 suaded that it will succeed and Courish, producing 

 fruit perfect and mature, and abundantly, even still 

 further north. It is eminently deserving of trial. — 

 Kenrick's JStiw American Oichirdiat. 



From the Albany Cultivator. 



EXPRRIMENTS WITH SALT. 

 Messrs. Caylord If Tucktr — I with pleasure com- 

 ply with your request, and give you the detail of 

 my expeirments in the use of salt as a manure. In 

 the spring of lb.'58, we broke up six acres of sward 

 land that had been mowed a number of years, in- 

 tending to plant it to corn, but observed when 

 plowing, that the ground was infested with worms ; 

 (the yellow cut or wire worm, and black grubs;) 

 QB we had mostly lost our corn crop the year pre- 

 vious by having the first planting almost entirely 

 destroyed by the corn worm, (above described,) we 

 expected a like calamity would follow the present 

 year, unless some preventive could be used to de- 

 stroy the worms. And having frccjuently and un- 

 •uccessfuUy used all the recommended remedies to 

 destroy the corn worms, we wero induced, at the 

 suggestion of an English laborer, to try salt Af- 

 ter the ground was thoroughly harrowed, five bush- 

 els per acre was sown broadcast, leaving a atrip of 

 near half an acre on each side of the field, to satis- 

 factorily test the experiment. The whole was 

 then planted to corn and potatoes. The corn on 

 the part whore no salt was sown, was mostly eaten 

 up by the worms, and was replowed and planted to 

 potatoes. The potatoes on the whole lot were a 

 £ood crop, but decidedly better where the salt was 



applied. I regret that we did not ascertain by 

 measurement the nrtual result. There was a very 

 perceptible difference in the appearance of the 

 vines during the whole summer. On the part 

 where the salt was sown, llicy grew larger and 

 were of a darker green color, and continued green 

 longer in the fall than the otiiers. In the sjiring 

 of J83'J, we spread on a good coat of manure, and 

 planted it all to corn, except about half an acre of 

 the salted land, which was planted to Rohan pota- 

 toes. The Rolians were the best crop of potatoes 

 I ever saw. Seed planted, 2 1-2 bushels — pro- 

 duce, over 300 bushels. The largest potato weigh- 

 ed 4 3-4 lbs. The corn was a heavy crop, but 

 was not measured. The summer was very dry and 

 hot ; but the corn on the salted land did not appear 

 to suffer at all from the drought, while the other 

 was considerably injured. The salted land ap- 

 peared always moist, and the growth of every thing 

 upon it was very rapid. We found great difficulty 

 in keeping the weeds down. After three succes- 

 sive hoeings, we were obliged in August lo give 

 it a hand-weeding. Spring of 1840, intended to 

 have stocked the land down for meadow; but 

 thinking it too rich for oats, planted potatoes with- 

 out manure. Crop good. The effects of the salt 

 still very apparent. Adjudged to be one third more 

 potatoes where the land was salted. 



Spring of 1841, sowed a part of the lot to oats, 

 the remainder to potatoes and onions without ma- 

 nure. The onions were n great crop. The sum- 

 mer was very dry, but they did not suffer, while 

 other crops in this neighborhood on similar soils, 

 were nearly destroyed by the drought. The oats 

 were a heavy crop, and much lodged on the salted 

 part. The clover grew well and produced a fine 

 crop of fall feed. This I cannot account for, ex- 

 cept by supposing that the salt kept the land moist, 

 or attracted moisture from the almo.sphero, as I 

 knaw of no other piece of land in the town that 

 was well seeded last year : it was almost an entire 

 failure ; and the most of the land stocked down 

 last spring has been, or will be plowed up in the 

 spring to be re-seedod. 



We sowed salt the same spring on a part of our 

 meadows. The grass was evidently improved — 

 the result satisfactory — and we shall continue to 

 use it on our meadows. 



I shall not at this time force upon your readers 

 any opinicms of mine respecting the manner in 

 which salt operates beneficially upon vegetation or 

 the soil. JOHN C. MATHKR. 



From the .same. 



HORSE RADISH FOR ANIMALS. 

 Austin Randall, Esq., of Paris, writes to us as 

 follows : " I have seen in your excellent paper no 

 notice of the value of the horse radish for cattle. 

 I have found it very useful for them. If given to 

 cows in doses of a pint at a time, once a day, it 

 will materially aid their appetite, and will prevent 

 or speedily relieve cows of the disease called cake 

 in llic bat;. I feed it freely to any animal of mine 

 that is unwell, and find it of great service to work- 

 ing oxen troubled with [the heat. I have had one 

 ox that would eat greedily a. peck at a time. Few 

 animals refuse it; and if they do, it may be cut up 

 and mixed with potatoes or meal." 



Mr R. cultivates his corn without hilling, and 

 his success with his last crop (73 bushels per acre; 

 is a favorable commentary on the practice. 



ri cities, for cxamji 

 anock's Winter, sj 

 to the Ly^com, fll 

 Utention should aT 



[From 'Transastions of the Essex Agricultural SocieM H 



FRUIT TREES. 



In forming a collection of fruits, it is better 

 be contented with a few good kinds, that prodl C 

 well in most seasons, than to plant those for ! 

 sake of variety, of which perhaps a crop may I 

 obtained once in three or four years. We shou 

 endeavor also to fix upon those which are found 

 suit our latitude. Many varieties of apples, wh 

 are first rate in our southern cities, for cxamj 

 the Newton Pippin and Pen 

 when grown here, inferior t 

 Harvey, and many others. A 

 be paid to selecting sorts suitable to their destir 

 soils, as some that would succeed well in a stro 

 clay loam, would languish in a poor, light, sao 

 Soil ; and others that would ripen to pcrfectioni 

 the enclosed yards of onr populous cities, woi '' 

 not mature in our open fiehls. There are t 

 some situations where the apple and pear thri 

 well, while the cherry and plum do not. The v 

 livation of the two former should therefore be li t 

 coiirngcd, while that of the latter should be m 

 so to a limited extent. The Baldwin, Bellflow 

 Swaar, and some other varieties of apples, do w 

 in a soil of a light, loamy nature, while the K| 

 stone Pippin, Hubbardston Nonesuch, Piper,* 

 Pickman Pippin, require that of a strong, clayi" ' 

 and retentive loam. 



The following list of apples which answer w* 

 in our locality, comprises some of the best sumni 

 auliiiiin, and winter varietiei for New England c 

 ture : 



ArPLF.3. 



Early Harvest or July Flower, ripens in July » 



.•\uguet. 

 Early Bough, or Washington, of N. H., ripeni 



July and Aug. 

 Summer Permaine, ripens in Sept. 

 Fall Harvey, (fine) " in Sept and Oct. 

 Cloth of Gold, Cressy apple of Beverly, ripcni 



Oct 

 Williams' Favorite Red, ripens in Aug. 

 Boxford Stump, ripens in Sept. and Oct 

 Lyscom, (superior) " Oct. 

 Porter, (handsome fruit) ripens in Sept and Oct 

 Ribstone Pippin, (English apple) ripeni in Dec. 



Feb. 

 Rhode Island Greening, ripens from Nov. to Fi 

 Baldwin, " Dec. to F« 



Yellow Belltlowcr, " Dec. to Ji 



Swaar, (great bearer) " Jan. to Mi 



Danvcrs, or Eppes Sweeting, " Jan. to ||l 



Roxbury Russet, " Feb. lo i^ j 



Hubbardston Nonesuch, (fine fruit) " Oct to W 

 Minister, (very superior) " Nov. to P« 



Pears 



Madalcine, ripens in July and AM, 



Bloodgood, (fine) " August 



Summer Franc Real, '• September, 



Hartlett (superior) " '4 , 



Dearborn's Seedling, (fine) " August 



Cujhing, " September. 



Seckel, " October. 



Hello Lucrative, (superior) " " 



Surpasso Virgalieu, (") « " 



lluffuin, (great bearer) " September. 



Washington, (beautiful fruit) " " 



King of Wurtemberg, (large and fine) ripens in Oe 

 Urbanistc, (melting fruit) " Ibl ' 



Napoleon, (bears young and abundantly) *■ Of 



