HEMP AND FLAX HUSBANDRY. 



209 



on the inside a sliding motion is given to the 

 mass. If flanches are attached to the inside to 

 give a falling motion, the aii- circulating through 

 the cylinder must carry off the finer particles as 

 well as cool the cylinder. The- difference be- 

 tween drying on the inside or outside of a cyl- 

 inder of 40 inches diameter, is that the grain or 

 meal cannot occupy more than 40 inches of sur- 

 face in the former, while it occupies 360 inches 

 of surface of cylinder and flanches of the latter; 

 and instead of heating mas.sive ovens (when it. 

 is impossible to keep a uniform hentj for pans 

 and cylinders to revolve in, the heat generated 

 within a cylinder is all ab.sorbed by the sub- 

 stance drying. The following is the claim re- 

 ferred to. It will be observed that no particular 

 form, size, device, or heating agent is patented, 

 but the principle is amply reserved. 



Claim. — What I claim as my invention, and 

 desire to secure by letters patent, is the method 

 of drying or cooling grain, flour, meal, or other 

 substances, on the external surface of a hollow 

 cylinder armed with flanches or other devices, 

 an-anged and operating substantiallT/ as herein 

 described, and combined with a trough : the 

 cylinder to be filled with hot air or steam when 

 used lor drying, and with cold air when used 

 for cooling purposes, as herein described and 

 set forth. 



Fig. 2 represents Stafford's Stationary Dryer 

 when removed from the case. The steam is ad- 

 mitted at A, figs. 2 and 3, and fills the tubes ; 

 when condensed it passes back into the boiler 

 by the pipe B, figs. 2 and 3. Pipe C connects 

 with a series of flat perforated tubes, into which 

 the vapor fi'om the grain disengaged by the heat 

 is conducted through numerous apertures which 

 are under incline I, I, I. The inclines al.so serve 

 to direct the grain on the heating tubes. Grain 

 or other substance to be dried is admitted into 



the Dryer by a spout above it, and obtains its 

 exit through the regulating gate G. D is a fau- 

 cet for drawing oiT the conden.sed water that 

 may accumulate in the small portion of Dryer 

 shown. Grain may be retained within the case 

 until all the moisture is expelled from it, or a 

 majority of the vapor may be disengaged, when, 

 if spouted into a pile the heat retained will dis- 

 engage enough of what moistnre may remain 

 as will leave the grain in a safe condition for 

 shipment. Damp grain should remain for some 

 time among the tubes to insure it against fer- 

 mentation and injury in the pile. It will be 

 seen that this Dryer requires no motivk power. 

 It requires but little fuel or boiler, as the con- 

 densed steam is returned to the boiler as fast as 

 it is condensed. To dry 5,000 bushels of grain 

 per day would not require the occupation of 

 more than six feet square on a floor ! It will 

 be perceived by the following claim that the in- 

 vention is not limited to any peculiar form, but 

 that it comprehends the only effective stationary 

 Dryer that can be constructed. Its uses are 

 principally adapted for drying grain ; ground 

 substances would clog the tubes and apertures 

 which carry oft' the moisture. 



Claim. — What I claim as my invention, and 

 desire to secure by letters patent, is the im- 

 proved apparatus for drying grain or other sub- 

 stances, composed of a box or casing, having a 

 regulating gate at its base, and having a series 

 of heating tubes or surfaces within the casing, 

 combined with a series of perforated tubes or 

 other devices for carrying oft' the vapor disen- 

 gaged by the heat; the whole arranged, com- 

 bined, and operating upon the grain or other 

 substance during its passage through the box or 

 casing substantially in the manner herein set 

 forth. J. R. STAFFORD. 



HEMP AND FLAX HUSBANDRY. 



In The Farmers' Library of May last appeared an engraving of a Flax-Brake, 

 then just invented by F. P. Holcohb, Esq. of Delaware, which gave fair promise 

 of supplying the desideratuim so long wanting on that subject — to wit, an expe- 

 ditious preparation for the manufacturer, without injury to the fibre. Whether, 

 Delaware not being a hemp-growing State, the machine has not enjoyed an op- 

 portunity of being favorably introduced ; or whether the machine itself, though 

 good in principle, may have been deficient in power ; or what was or is the pre- 

 cise difficulty, if any, we have not understood, but would like to be informed — 

 because, although we gave it only for what it was worth, and what was hon- 

 estly believed by our correspondent to be its capacity and value, still we recog- 

 nize the obligation which rests upon us always to tell the cons as well as the 

 p-os— the against as well as the for— whatever may be recommended in the 

 pages of The Farmers' Library. Fiat juslitia mat ccelutn. Of the machine 

 which we take pleasure in here presenting to public notice, and especially to the 

 notice of all concerned as cultivators or manufacturers, in the Flax and Hemp 

 Husbandry of the United States, it may with confidenee be said in its favor that 

 few persons, if any, in the United States, have given as much attention to the 

 subject, in all its aspects, with equal capacity and opportunities to form a safe 



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