MARYLAND AND VIRGINIA. 479 



have not always the clearest comprehension of what they are denouncing, their 

 hostility should be directed against the alvse instead of the use of them ; and 

 that abuse is always in proportion to the perplexities and restrictions which over- 

 weening suspicion imposes on what should be free to regulate itself. The money 

 power in some States, where there are few Banks and much difficulty in borrow- 

 ing, is a monopoly engrossed and used by a few, to take advantage of the neces- 

 sities of the many — and especially the cultivators of the soil. In New-England, 

 the money power is distributed among the many, and used for the benefit of the en- 

 terprising and industrious of all classes. In Maryland and Virginia, banking capi- 

 tal is used, in vast proportion, by large merchants, and great speculators in the 

 produce of the farmer and the planter. In thriving New-England it is owned 

 by and loaned to the middling farmer, the m-echanic, the gardener, the small 

 manufacturer and shop-keeper— in a word, to industrious, prudent men, in all 

 the walks of useful employment. Fortunately, that truly republican people are 

 not made up of a few great men, with all around of pigmy stature. All are near- 

 ly of the same hight, few very rich or powerful, nor many poor and powerless. 

 In Maryland, bank capital is loaned to nabobs by the $20,000, and they are 

 thanked for taking it — while thousands of industrious men toil on in poverty- 

 through life, or are driven from the State for want of a few hundreds to start 

 them in useful business. In Maryland, the monopoly of capital by a few gives 

 them power over the producer and his produce ; and over the mechanic and his 

 genius, which would often bring independence if he had capital to put it in mo- 

 tion. In New-England, banks are numerous, stockholders more numerous, and 

 the capital is loaned in small sums, to hosts of industrious people of all classes 

 and denominations, whose name is legion. Hence universal activity and univer- 

 sal and nearly equal prosperity — but very few great men, and as few very little 

 ones. 



We should weary the reader were we to present all the remarkable points of 

 contrast that have been produced in the condition of these two Middle and two 

 Eastern States, by their different policy and legislation and ideas as to money and 

 manufactures — for it cannot be alleged that Massachusetts and Rhode Island 

 possess any natural advantages over their larger sisters in respect either of water- 

 power, or materials, or resources mineral or agricultural — quite the contrary. 

 But look for a moment how the result must bear upon the landed interest of these 

 States respectively : 



Massachusetts and Rhode Island united have invested in Woolen manufactures $4,865,200 

 In Cotton 24,740.099 



Total $29,605,299 



Virijhiia and Maryland : in Woolens $229,980 



In Cotton 2.603,480 



Total $2,833,409 



Massachusetts and Rhode Island more than Maryland and Virginia $26,832,839 



Now who can fail to see the obvious effect upon the landed interest of tjiese 

 two sections ? In the East, they consume at home all they can draw out of 

 their land, and return to it, to sustain its fertility, not only the offal and manure 

 of all they make, but they draw immense supplies, to be consumed on their 

 land, from the Maryland and Virginia farmers, who send away everything and 

 consume comparatively nothing — leaving their lands to recruit themselves or 

 be worn out, as they inevitably must. The Maryland and Virginia farmers send 

 their hides out of the State to be tanned : their wool out of the State to be 

 woven ; their beef to be eaten ; their flour to be eaten ; their corn to be eaten ; 

 while the Yankee tempts the weaver to come to the wool-grower, the tanner to 



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