MANUFACTURES IN THE SOUTH. 489 



enterprise and exertion. And then slie occupies a geographiciil position which gives her 

 ready access to the markets of the world, with her manufactured products. 



But a few years have elapsed since the introduction of manufacturing into Georgia. Those 

 few years have witnessed the initiative policy, its rapid advance, and its triinnphant success. 

 We have in successtlil operation several iron establishments, with large capitals and giving em- 

 ployment to some handreds of operatives. These establishments are furnishing ii-on-ware of 

 varioas kinds, cheap in price, respectable in quantity, and unexcelled in quality. They are also 

 preparing to supply iron for machinery, agricultural implements, railroads, and all the uses 

 of life. Ill the department of cotton manufacturing, your Committee have collected a few 

 statistics, which they do not present as accurate, but approximating thereto. We know of 

 thiity-two cotton factories in our State, in operation, or in progress of construction. There are 

 employed in the buildings and working of these thirty-two factoiies, two millions of dollars. 

 The number of hands engaged therein is near three thousand, and of persons directly receiving 

 their support from the same, six thousand. The consumption of provisions and agricultural 

 products (other than cotton) by these factories, is fully equal to three hundred thousand 

 dollars per annum, at present prices. Their consumption of cotton per annum reaches 

 18,000 to 20,000 bags, and the value of manutactured goods turned out by them last 

 year, fell nothing short of one and a half Tnillion of dollars. One-tliird of these manufactured 

 goods were sold out of the State, mostly in the Northern markets, and partially in the Valley of 

 the Mississippi — that illimitable field of consumption which hes open to the enterprise of 

 our manufacturers. 



Manufactures in Georgia and Tennessee. — Georgia and Tennessee are destined to 

 become the great manufacturing States of the South, if not of the Union, because they 

 have not only greater resources in proportion to their population, but, Ijeing traversed iu 

 every direction by railroads and rivers, and having a double outlet, both to the Gulf and 

 the Atlantic, they will possess unparalleled advantages in regard to both the foreign and 

 domestic markets. If our people would display one-half the energy and enterprise of the 

 Yankees, in a quarter of a century from the present time we could surpass the whole of 

 New-England in wealth and population : indeed all that we now lack to develop that en- 

 terprise and energy is the estabishment of manufactories, and the more general introductioa 

 of machinery. 



Let us compare for a moment the agiicultural wealth of the two States named with that 

 of NeviT-England. Georgia and Tennessee have together a population of 1,694,000; the 

 States of Maine, New-Hampshire, Massachusetts, Vermont, Connecticut and Rhode Island 

 have 2,422,000 souls. Now let us see the relative products of the two sections as developed 

 by the Census of 1840, and by more recent statistics: 



New-England. Georgia and Tennessee. 



Corn 11,943,000 bushels. 83,584,000 bushels. 



"Wheat 2,898,000 .. 9,911,000 .. 



Potatoes 20,581,000 .. 3,792,000 .. 



B-ye 2,582,000 .. 448,000 .. 



Oats 11,247,000 .. 9,458,000 .. 



Buckwheat 1,097,000 .. 



Total 50,348,000 107,194,000 



From the same journal we take the following comparative view of South Caro- 

 lina and Rhode Island : 



Manufactures for the South — Rhode Island and South Carolina. — One gi-eat cause 

 of the unproductiveness of our capital and labor is the want of diversion of them. In every 

 country there is a kind of labor which experience proves to be the best and most productive 

 of that country. In one, Agriculture should predominate; iu another. Manufactures; in a 

 third, Commerce ; but in no one on the face of ihe globe has an exclusive attention to either 

 of these branches been found the most profitable. It is the judicious combination of them 

 all that makes a nation great, and prosperous, and happy. This is an old political doctrine ; 

 its antiquity, however, is no disparagement of its truth. For its illustration we shall go no 

 farther than the history of our own country. And fortunately for our purpose, the last Cea- 

 8US of the Government furnishes data upon which thei-e can be no dispute. 



If we divide the population of Rhode Island (138,830) and that of South Carolina (549,- 

 308) into their respective annual incomes, viz., into $13,001,223 ibr Rhode Island, and into 

 $27,173,536 for South Carolina, it will bo perceived that Rhode Island divides, as the yearly 

 income of each of its inhabitants, $100, while South Carolina divides only $15. If you take 

 out the black population in both States, and make the division only among the whites, Rhode 

 Island will divide $111), while South Carolina will divide $101. These are startling facts. 

 Why are they so ? It will, perhaps, be said it is either becaus<; the people of Rhode Island are 

 more industrious than our people, or are engaged m more profitable labor ; or from both 

 causes combined. 



The first of these we are unwilling to grant. Naturally we believe there are no people 

 more willing to work than ours, when only taught to see a profitable result to their labor 

 (929j 



