282 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



every description, potato tops, pumpkins and 

 squash vines, various other materials, serve to swell 

 the manure heap, and the hog is an excellent manu- 

 facturer to prepare them for the land. Small po- 

 tatoes, refuse apples, pumpkins and squashes,boiled, 

 with the addition of bran or meal, are good food 

 for fattening hogs, and is usually very cheap. 

 Allow hogs fresh eartli, and give them charcoal 

 and rotten wood occasionally. Give them no more 

 food than they will eat up clean, lest they become 

 cloyed and lose their appetite. When the hog is 

 fed three times a day and he leaves a part of his 

 meal, omit the next meal that he may regain his 

 relish for food. 



Mamirc. — During this month, a farmer should 

 keep his team at vv'ork all the time that is convenient 

 in collecting materials for manure. Besides peat, 

 mud and muck from the low lands, as we named in 

 our hints for last month, he should collect tufts, 

 washings from roads and streets, rich loam, leaves 

 from the forests, where they can be spared without 

 injury to the growth of the trees, and every ma- 

 terial that can be obtained conveniently that will 

 contribute to the growth of vegetation. 



Budded Trees should be examined, and the 

 bands removed where the buds have taken well, or 

 if they have been recently budded, loosen and le- 

 tie those bands that bind too closely. Stalks in 

 which the buds have not taken may be rebudded 

 very early in September, if the stocks are thrifty 

 so that the bark runs well and the weather is 

 warm . 



Peach Trees should be budded from the first 

 to the fifteenth of September, according to age 

 and thriftiness. The older trees should be budded 

 early in September, those of this year's growth 

 about the middle of this month. 



CLEAR UP THE BUSHES. 



In our remarks on work for the month, we allud- 

 ed to this subject. A'greatmany farmers, in clear- 

 ing new lands, cut and]destroy a heavy forest growth, 

 take off a few crops, and then let a large extent of 

 their farms grow up to bushes, brambles and weeds. 

 Frequently the bushes never form a valuable sec- 

 ond growth, so that the land is unproductive en 

 tirely. We have known cases in which the sec- 

 ond growth was of scarcely any value after 20 years, 

 and if the original forest had been standing, the 

 wood and timber would have been worth four or 

 five times as much as the land. 



In some cases, a single tree, for instance, a ma- 

 jestic oak, or a large straight and tall white ash, 

 would liave been worth as much as an acre of good 

 land. But the sturdy stroke of the inconsiderate 

 axeman had levelled them, and the fire had con- 

 sumed them. We hope that the inconsiderate 

 waste of forests, as has been the case to a vast ex- 

 tent ii! our country, will be a caution to those who 

 are now beginning in the wilderness. 



In numerous cases, there are scrubby bushes 

 in pastures, that shade a great deal of land, that 

 will be of no value for growth, and they should be 

 cut up as eumberers of the ground. 



When bushes are very thick, they should be cut 

 close to the ground, put in piles, and burned when 

 dry. By the heat from the heaps, and the leaves 

 on the land between them, the fire will generally 

 run over the whole surface, and nearly all the bush- 

 es will be destroyed. 



Elders and other bushes very liable to sprout, 

 should be pulled up by the roots. A bush puller 

 is a very valuable implement for this purpose, as 

 it may be fastened to roots or a bunch of them 

 much more readily than a chain. In fields bunch- 

 es should be cut close to the ground, so that the 

 scythe may pass over the stumps, and cut down any 

 sprouts that may have started. Or, the better 

 way is, to grub them up, as it is called in Pennsyl- 

 vania, which is done with a mattox, an implement 

 used extensively in clearing new lands, having one 

 blade in the way of an axe, and another in the 

 same manner as an adze, but narrow. The opera- 

 tor, with his blade like an axe, cuts oiF the roots 

 each side the bush, a short distance from it in the 

 ground, and then, with the other blade, he cuts off 

 the roots on the farther side, and then he dravis 

 out the bush. This makes smooth work, and 

 sprouts seldom follow. 



MOVING A PEAR TREE. 



Z. B. Porter, Esq., proprietor of the Cambridge 

 Market Hotel, has furnished us with a statement 

 of a novel experiment tried by him last week, — 

 that of transplanting a large pear tree laden with 

 fruit. The tree is of the Leperne variety, 18 

 inches in diameter a few feet from the ground, 34 

 feet in height, and the distance through the branch- 

 es in any direction is upwards of 30 feet. The 

 quantity of fruit now upon the tree, is estimated at 

 two barrels. 



The tree was moved a distance of 32 feet, in the 

 following manner: — A trench in the form of a 

 square, 12 feet on each side, was dug around the 

 tree, to the depth of 3 1-2 feet. A box of plank 

 was built around the earth thus left adhering to the 

 roots, and, by working in planks at the sides, a 

 bottom was formed to the box, which thus com- 

 pletely encased the roots of the tree. A canal was 

 dug from the tree to the place to which it was to 

 be moved, of suffioient width and depth to admit of 

 the passage of this mass of earth, and the tree, — 

 with the body of more than 500 cubic feet of earth, 

 and estimated by good judges to weigh 25 tons, — 

 was safely deposited in its new location. 



No roots were found in digging around or under 

 the tree. The time occupied in moving it was 40 

 minutes, — expense $50. The tree stood upon the 

 spot selected for the location of the Cambridge 

 Market Bank, and was moved by Mr. James Mel- 



