14 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



Aiisust4, Ifi'ifi. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



BOSTON, FRIDAY, AUGUST 4, 1826. 



DESTROY THE BORER IN APPLE TREES. 



A tVienil of the Editor, who is a cultivator of 

 Fruit Trees, assures us that now is the very nick 

 of time for destroying the Apple Tree Borer. The 

 insect is now small, anl has just begun his work 

 of mischief. His habitation may be discovered by 

 a reddish coloured liquid or gum, oozing from the 

 wounds he inflicts in the bark of fruit trees, or if 

 he has already penetrated into the wood, the pro- 

 duct of his borings, resembling saw dust, will de- 

 tect his haunt;. Our informant says he may, at 

 this season of the year, be extirpated with no oth- 

 er weapon than the point of a pen-knife. It is not 

 ■necessary to expatiate on the advantages, which 

 will result from attacking this minute but for- 

 midable enemy to our orchards, in the commence- 

 ment of his destructive labours. '• An ounce of 

 prevention is worth a pound of cure." 



BEANS. 



It is said that beans should not be hoed when 

 the dew is upon them, or in rainy we^ither. See 

 Ma^s. Agr. Repos. vol. ii. page 27. 



CHARLOCK 



Or wild turnip is a very pernicious weel. Its 

 seeds will lie dorujant 20 years or longer, and 

 when stirred with the plough will vegetate l-j.xuri- 

 antly. This weed will be so thinned on ground 

 planted three or four years successively, anJ well 

 hoed, that the remainder may easily be pulled up 

 by band after the land is laid down to grasf. 



MANURE IN PASTURES. 



A writer in Hunter's Georgical Ess.-iys, an Eng- 

 lish work on Agriculture, makes the following re- 

 marks. 



" Every fortnight, I send my boy with a shovel 

 and wheel-barrow to take up the dung which is put 

 on a heap and covered with earth or ashes, as I 

 think that notliing encourages and promotes the 

 rank and strong tufts of grass, which take up a 

 great part of most grass land, and which the cattle 

 will not touch more than the too common practice 

 of suffering the dung to remain on tlie ground. — 

 By a strict adherence to the above method of tak- 

 ing up the dung my pasture became an entire lev- 

 el of grass. In a few weeks the grass is grown 

 on the places where the dung was laid, and not a 

 vestige of the dung is to be seen-. But in those 

 pastures where the above is not practised, I usu- 

 ally find a great part of them incommoded with 

 numerous tufts of rank grass, and a great quanti- 

 ty of dung, especially late in autumn, when the 

 pastures begin to fail ; and this in fact is to di- 

 minish or take nearly an eighth of such pastures, 

 not to mention the very great difference of the 

 dung both in quantity and quality." 



In Great Britain, land is dear and labour cheap, 

 and the course above recommended is undoubted- 

 ly advisable. But whether it is worth the while 

 for our farmers to take so much pains to preserve 

 the manure of their pastures, they must determine. 

 In p-istures which are rich and well stocked with 

 neat cattle it would, probably be expedient. The 

 manure might be gathered by a cart or a wheel- 

 barrow, thrown into heaps in the pasture,or drawn 

 to the farm yard, as circumstances might direct, 

 and covered with earth. There can be no doubt 

 that in all cases, where cows or otiier stock ^to 



coufined every night in yards, that it is good hus- 

 bandry to throw their drippings into heaps, every 

 morning, at least every two or three days, to cov- 

 er them with common earth ashes, marsh mud, or 

 something else, which will prevent their substance 

 from being drycd up, or washed away by rain. 



GRASSHOPPERS. 



We doubt whether any better remedy can be 

 found against these insects than subjecting them 

 to the operations of turkies and other poultry. It 

 is true that turkies, hens and chickens ar.? trouble- 

 some tenants on a farm, and whether they will not 

 do inoi'e mischief to the crops, than they will do 

 good by putting grasshoppers in tlieir crops, is a 

 thing to be thought of. Moreover, it is said that 

 poultry fed on grasshoppers is not very good eat- 

 ing during the season in wliich the insects furnif h 

 their principal food. But if the fowls are kept up- 

 on corn or other farinaceous or vegetable food, a 

 fortnight or three weeks after the grasshoppers 

 have disappeared, it is probable they will be ;is 

 palatable to an epicure as if they had been fed al- 

 together on substances last mentioned. 



GAPES OR PIP IN POULTRY. 



It is said, and we believe truly, that a little soap 

 and probably strong soap suds mixed with Indian 

 meal or other food for chickens will cure a dis- 

 tressing and often fatal disorder called Gapes or 

 Pip. 



CLARIFYING CIDER, iSif. 



Mr Joseph Cooper, of New Jersey published an 

 article in the True American, relative to fining 

 cider, by which it appears that the jelly made 

 from bullock's feet will answer the purpose. It 

 should be wanned and mixed with a little of the 

 cider intended to be fined, then strained, and when 

 cold put into the vessel which contains the rest, 

 and stir it till thoroughly incorporated. In bottling 

 cider, it is recommended to raise the proof by put- 

 ting about two tea-spoonfuls of French brandy in- 

 to each bottle. 



A SOURCE OF DISEASE. 



The effluvia of rotten substances are supposed 

 to breed diseases. The farmer, therefore, should 

 be cautious that he do not breathe in the steams 

 of his old dung-hills more than is necessary ,espcc- 

 ially when they have a disagreeable stench. And 

 the greatest care should be taken to remove or 

 cover up all the filth of the house, and of tlie hog- 

 pen,which no doubt occasions some of those autum- 

 nal epidemic diseases, not unfrequently as fatal in 

 country villages in proportion to numbers as in the 

 thicker settled towns on the coast. Scattering 

 quick lime over any substance which emits un- 

 wholesome effluvia will correct the evil. 



POSTS IN FENCE. 



In the "Memoirs of the Philadelphia Agricultu- 

 ral Society," vol. iii. page 120 of the Appendix is a 

 paper signed John R. Evans, which states, in sub- 

 stance, tliat posts in fence will last much the long- 

 I er for setting them with the tops down. In a note 

 on this article the Hon. Richard Peters says, 



I have experienced the truth of the fact above 

 stated. I do not pretend accurately and satisfac- 

 torily to account for it. I conjectured, that by re- 

 versing the vessels in which the sap had been ac- 

 customed to circulate, whilst the tree was in life, 

 thejnoisturo drawn up by the sun, in vessels even 

 of dead timber, was impeded by the reversed po- 

 sition. Had the posts been, as they generally are, 

 pla«ed wllli their butt ends downward, the vessels 



desigiied for circulation of sap, might be filled with 

 moisture from the air or earth. However fanciful 

 this conjecture may appear, the fact mentioned by 

 Mr Evans, is important, and proved in many in- 

 stances. R. PETERS. 



HOW TO KEEP CHURCHES AND DWELLING-HOUSES 

 COOL. 



During the e.xtreme heat of summer, our houses 

 of public worship, as well as our dwelling-houses, 

 may be kept perfectly cool and comfortable, by a 

 little attention: — Let the windows and doors be 

 opened before sunrise, and shut by seven o'clock. 

 The blinds and shutters, if there be any, should 

 likewise be shut, to prevent the glass from being 

 heated and conveying the heat witiiin. If the doors 

 be kept closed till the hoat of the day, when the 

 room is required for use, air will be found of the 

 same temperature that it was in the morning, when 

 the room was first shut up. This fact depends on 

 the same principle as the evenness of the tempera- 

 ture of our cellars, which are cool in summer and 

 warm in winter, solely because the external air is^ 

 excluded from them. 



FOREIGN NEWS. 



The late London papers contain nothing of much 

 interest. Subscriptions continue to be made in dif- 

 ferent parts of Europe for the Greeks, and theatri- 

 cal exhibitions are proffered and well patronized 

 for tlieir benefit. 



Terms of honourable capitulation were offered 

 the Greeks previous to the storming of Missolong- 

 hi, but were rejected. 



Nolo Bozzaris, an eminent Greek, 76 years of 

 age, having advised against capitulation with the 

 Turks, with some hundred others who followed his 

 example, remained in Missolonghi after the sally 

 of ilie gairlson, to blow up the mines. The bishop 

 pronounced his blessing on the undertaking, and 

 the result cost the lives of many Turks. 



Some difficulty exists between Holland on one 

 part, and Austria and Prussia on the other respect- 

 ing the free navigation of the Rhine, which was 

 stipulated for in certain treaties in 161.5. Respect- 

 ing this subject, the London Courier observes "it 

 is singular that at the present moment, when libe- 

 ral ideas seem to be gaining the ascendancy in 

 most parts of Europe, that Holland should appear 

 to make itself an exception." 



Complaints have appeared in European papers,, 

 and have likewise been received by other channels 

 lliatisome of the Greek cruisers have been guilty 

 of acts of piracy. 



tl 



MEMORY OF ADAMS AND JEFFERSON. 

 The 2d inst. was, in this city, devoted to testi- 

 monials and demonstrations of respect to the mem- 

 oriep, and gratitude for the services of John Ad- 

 am^ and Thomas Jefferson. Early in the fore 

 pari of the day a procession was formed under the 

 direction of the Young Men of Boston, and an Eu- 

 logy delivered by S. L. Knapp, Esq. At a later 

 hoif a procession was formed under the auspices 

 of tjie city authorities, and an Eulogy pronounced 

 by the Hon. Mr Webster. These performances 

 wete such as the occasion demanded, and even 

 transcended the high expectations which the rep- 

 utation of the orators had excited. It is not our 

 province and would e.xceed our limits to give in 

 detail the solemnities with which the day was con- 

 secrated. 



