v.— No. C. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



43 



\ the liistory of all iiges, and conl'irmoil by 

 -ihilions ofsoiinJ writers, from Hume and 

 IS Stuart, down to M.illiius and Ricardo. 

 havfi been enduring what we have in various 

 inccs in our history and every other nation in 

 |rs. endured before, the miseries of the transi- 

 statc from War to Peare — from overdone to 

 Unislied action. That slate, if I m.-.y so express 

 If painful collapsion of tiie vessels consequent up- 

 'Ntrenie tension, and that tension arising as it 

 sometimes from the pressure of the solid ma- 

 l — sometimes from mere inflation. To apply 

 1 to some purpose this otherwise idle discourse, 

 to ingraft my encouragement to agricultural 

 iuits upon the acknowledged truths of political 

 nomy, I state from a high and recent authority 

 ewing all these subjects, that it is admitted on 

 lands that the rate of profit, in any particular 

 artment of industry can never either perman- 

 y exceed or fall below the rate of profit com- 

 ily obtained in other departments ; but Agri- 

 ure is a branch of industry which must be car- 

 on in all times and in all circumstances. It 

 lain however that it would not be carried nn if 

 d not yield as great a return for the capital 

 industry employed in it, as other businesses, 

 it is equally certain that these would not be 

 ied on if they yielded a less return than that 

 ived from Agriculture. In necessarily follows 

 efore that the rate of profit in Agriculture is 

 standard rate — or that the average value of 

 returns obtained from capital employed in 

 cultural industry, must always govern the 

 ago value of those obtained from the capital 

 loyed in every other department." As, then, 

 tal is not enlarging itself in distant foreign 

 mcrce — as it is gently and perhaps gradually 

 iscouragement, disengaging itself from it — 

 should it not seek a reinvestment in Manufac- 

 s, in land, in agricultural improvements, in 

 igements more peculiarly domestic ? Wliat 

 tld a great man, a nobleman by nature, (we 

 : none by birtli,) with a strong natural intel- 

 with the suggestions and fa^^ulties of common 

 e, surpassing as they do those of artificial edu- 

 m, and arriving by a direct and rapid pro- 

 of its own at those foreknown results, and 

 1 conclusions, which it is the only aim of the 

 education to reach — what would such a man, 

 <essed of ample means in money, in land, in 

 lacter, do at or near this very spot, in the pres- 

 5tate of our affairs, for his own honour,his own 

 perity, and for that of his own dear native 

 ? What would Joh.n Brown now do, if he 

 ; here, at the age of thirty, with all his liber- 

 of feeling, elasticity of spirits, unconquera- 

 nergy of character, and amplitude of resour- 

 ' I say he would augur rightly. The same 

 hetic impulse that taught him to begin the 

 trican revolution by the attack on the Gaspee 

 le same determined spirit that shed its sympa- 

 over the equal and but equal spirits of Greene 

 of Lafatette, in the darkest days of our 

 lutionary tempest — the same disrelish of half 

 measures that fixed his antipathy to the im- 

 ion of the five per cent, duty — the same ar- 

 which fired him in procuring the adoption of 

 Federal Constitution, would direct, animate, 

 sustain him now, in this new, more languid, 

 nardly less interesting crisis of national condi- 

 He would see, as by intuition, that to sup- 

 bis favourite Navigation and Commerce — 

 ) favour to his early love, an animated atten- 



tion to new resources nnd developenicnls wjts ne- 

 cessary at home. He would have engaged in, he 

 would have encouraged Alaiuifaclures. Hut to an 

 enlarged and improved Agriculture, to be sus- 

 tained by those Manufactures and condensed popu- 

 lation they occasion, his principal attention would 

 have been devoted. That this new crc;itiou could 

 have been commenced by his mere fiat, he would 

 know could not be. Trouble, expense, consolation, 

 he would know to be necesssry. He would call 

 in the aid of useful but subordinate minds. He 

 would be refreslied by tiie inspiration oftliatin- 

 I definite being called genius, or the greater mind, 

 . and he would know where to find it. He would 

 unavoidably be subjected to occasional disappoint- 

 I ments and vexations — but he would have triumph- 

 I ed. Obstacles would have been to him the impuls- 

 I es of new effort, and impossibility would have been 

 a word as inadmissible in his vocabulary, as it was 

 j in that of Chatham or Bonaparte. I suppose him 

 i now to be thirty, in full iife, with all his faculties 

 I — what would be the state of your Agriculture 

 ; thirty years hence ? The Island of Prudence, 

 among other neighbouring lands, would be the 

 market garden of the city — I hail it. City of 

 Pro\ idence I Feeding in part its then vast popu- 

 lation, and by its team-boats and steam-boats sup- 

 plying its morning market with the vegetable 

 luxuries of the season. 



All this will happen — but it cannot be effected 

 without something of enthusiasm — without care — 

 I without system — industry — skill — and expense. — 

 ] Our mother Earth spreads to us an exuberant bos- 

 om ; but we cannot revel in its delicious bounties, 

 if with less knowledge and effect, than infantine 

 instinct suggests, we are too indolent to press the 

 1 fountain. As to the great point of value for pro- 

 j ducts, it will regulate itself. That wonderful ad- 

 I justing system called market, will in a little time 

 accommodate every thing. That society would 

 not long exist in which there was not a fair re- 

 munerative price for agricultural labour. If that 

 business cannot succeed, none other can. Even 

 in, and after, those distressing vicissitudes and 

 transitions to which I have alluded, the fall from 

 high to low prices — from over action to an ap- 

 proach to apathy — it is wonderful how soon af- 

 fairs find their true and proper level. The whole 

 edifice of society sinks together, it soon settles on 

 its ample and solid foundations. The vast majori- 

 ty will be unknown of, and undisturbed by, the 

 . sinking. Some few may perceive it, and feel dis- 

 astrous fear of going " they know not where." But 

 finding themselves unhurt, they would soon in their 

 j security smile at their former fears, resume their 

 I old, or betake themselves to their new occupations, 

 as interest or opportunity, dictated. We have one 

 unfailing stimulus to an improved Agriculture ; 

 a progressively increasing population requires sub- 

 sistence, and a plentiful and unstinted subsistence 

 again multiplies population. Those who object to , 

 a scientific Agriculture from our want of a dense , 

 population, will find themselves refuted while they 

 are haranguing upon their theme. But I agree 

 that to meet our object, this population ought to i 

 be not only in a state of genera! augmentation i 

 over the whole surface of our boundless region, it | 

 ought to be dense in parts — accumulated here and i 

 there in thriving villages — in flourishing towns — - 

 in mighty cities — and with an increased tendency 

 to become permanent. God forbid that any ob- 

 struction to emigration, or rather removal should 

 ever be interposed, other than plentiful living, 



tomfortaule and tiiriving conciuion at home — and 

 this you will have for both Agriculturists and Manu-' 

 facturers, by encouraging iVfanufactures. Place 

 the consumer by the side of the producer. In 

 Great Britain, says Spencc, Agriculture has thriv- 

 en in consequence only of the influence of Manu- 

 factures, and the increase of this influence is re- 

 quisite to its further extension. The manufactur- 

 ing class has the great merit of always returning 



an equal value for the subsistence it consumes 



They transmit the perishable food of the labourer 

 into a permanent commodity, and add a hundred 

 fold to the value of the raw material. We must 

 create a demand for our surplus produced at home, 

 because we cannot on account of national prohibi- 

 tions, sell it abroad. (To be continued.) 



PEACH TREKS. 

 Mr William Phillips, of Pennsylvania, has de- 

 rived great benefit from the application of air 

 slacked, old effete lime to peach trees, the effects 

 according to his account have been very great. — 

 He puts about a peck of lime to each tree ; he 

 thinks it useful as a preservative against the in- 

 sect so fatal to these trees. We have then two 

 applications recommended, unbleached ashes and 

 lime, and from our own experience are enabled to 

 recommend both. We are not sure which has the 

 preference. The lime and ashes should both be 

 dug in, every spring. A friend suggests, that he 

 killed his young peach trees by lime. Caution is 

 needed in the application. — Mass. .%. Repos. 



CULTIVATION OF THE GRAPE 



While millions of money are sent out of the 

 country for the purchase of foreign wines, it is, 

 scarcely known that the article can be, and is, 

 manufactured at home with the greatest ease, and 

 of a very superior quality. The experiment has 

 been fully made by Col. Robert Carr, of Philadel- 

 phia county, who has a vineyard in full bearing ; 

 and it has met with a success which ought to ar- 

 rest the attention of the agricultural community. 

 We drank a glass of wine from his vineyard a few 

 days ago — it was excellent,though but three years 

 old ; and made of the Powel grape, which is a na- 

 tive of our own country, grows with great rapidity 

 and luxuriance, and produces more abundantly than 

 any other known. The circuinstance is particular- 

 ly worthy of note inasmuch as this kind of grape 

 has been thought uselsss for the purpose of manu- 

 facturing — and it has been thought that to succeed 

 with the article, exotics would have to be imported 

 from abroad. We have little ,'.oubt that if proper 

 attention should be given to the subject, the culti- 

 vation of the grape would become common ; the 

 more pernicious liquors wonld be superseded by 

 the use of one fiir more excellent end wholesome, 

 and a large amount of money now despatched to 

 other countries would be turned into the coffers 

 of our own agriculturalists. It might be made a 

 very profitable business. We recommend our en- 

 terprising farmers to think and enquire further 

 about it ; and in process of time we shall say more 

 on the subject. [Trenton Emporium.] 



The Louisiana State Gazette sugge.sts that a 

 square of ground should be purchased in the City 

 of Washington on which should be erected monu- 

 ments for illustrious men, and commemorative of 

 the great actions of the Revolution. 



The heat in London, June 28, was 124 in the 

 sun and 85 in the shade ! 



