NEW 



Published by JoH>\ U. K 



VOL. V 



BOSTON, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 15, 18i6. 



ORIGINAL PAPERS. 



APPLE TREE BORER. 



[r Fi;sse.n'de> — Havinj more than once lately 

 in yoiir,cxce!leiit paper, am! often iiciird in 

 vcrsatioil !\lso, by very respectable persons, on 

 ubject of tlie" Apple Borer" that tlie best 

 liod of destroying these insects was to " plun- 

 the holes" — and by others to fill in " corrosive 

 imate," "sulpliur," &c. I suppose " Jfasfy 

 liiing" would be as good as either. But, to be 

 — for tlie writer of this has probably had 

 rly (IS much e.\perience in this matter as any 

 •T per.-ion, for (3 or 8 years past, — whenever 

 see a hole about as large as a goose quill, 

 lin a few inches above tlie surface of tbc 

 ind on the stem of the tree, the insect in its 

 red state has escaped — and any substance put 

 the hole will have no eflcct whatever, only to 

 -I out the weather. 1 feel fully convinced that 

 titti-ard application will, destroy the worm in- 

 — they must be e.\tracted or killed by piercing 

 a wire or some such tiling — all the dead sub- 

 ce should be cut out and plastered over, 

 le winged insect may doubtless be prevented 

 depositing its eggs in the bark near the 

 nd by some coat of tarred paper, canvas, birch 

 , tin, lead, or a thick plaster of lime, clay, 

 :, ashes, or any thing that would be offensive 

 ake it impossible to deposit their eggs — and 

 Miging them to lay their eggs higher up on 

 •tem or branches they would bo more readily 

 'Vered by the tcorm castings, and thoreforo 

 easily got at. 



Yours, with much respect, 



NORFOLK. 

 S. As it is well ascertained that the ^lerfect 

 •,t leaves the tree to deposit its eggs ii those 

 : in June, an application of the abcve, from 

 irst of June to the middle of August at latest, 

 d answer the purpose of preventio!i. 



did I lose a ])lant wiien the earth was properly 

 and carefully moved from it. As tliey grew I 

 carefully earthed them, but not so as to reach the 

 heart— early in July I found that the grubs disap- 

 peared, liaving assumed unotlier form, aud since 

 then 1 havfc had no further trouble. ' 



Thi.M communication is probably neither siifTi- 

 cietitly explicit or written in a manner sufliciently 

 careful to have insertion in your publication,«but 

 you may make any use you please of the facts. 



I am very respectfully, 

 • Your obed't serv't 



PETER STUBBS. 



St. Andrews, (J\l\ B.) Sept. 4, 1820. 



No. 8. 



PINE TREES AND ELM TREES. 

 Mr Fkssenden — For several years past I have 

 tried to obtain the seed of Pine and Elm trees, 

 frequently searching for it in tlie burrs of the for- 

 Eier, aud among tlie branches of the latter ; but in 

 vain. I looked in Deanc's New England Farmer 

 and other books of a similar character, — but could 

 ind no answer to my inqiriries. Several of my 

 aeighbours, as well as myself, wish to plant the 

 seed, but never having seen it, nor a description of 

 it, we do not of course know when it niaj be gath 

 tred. Any information through the medium of 

 jour useful paper, would be thankfully received by 

 A SUBSCRIBER. 



•■ above should have appeared several weeks 

 ,ce, but it has been mislaid. — Editor.] 



SEASON IN NEW BRUNSWICK. 



iR past summer here has been a remarkable 

 ; the early part for the drought, and in conse- 

 ice a scanty crop of hay ; and the subsequent 



for heat and moisture, by which the crops of 

 a are at least equal to that of any season ;- 

 that of potatoes, (a very important crop indeed 

 ,) surpasses any former instance. Added to 



tlie copious rains have filled the lakes and 

 "s, so that one of the staple manufactures of 



ountry, — sawed lumber, — never at this seas- 

 3f the year, in my recollection, was in such 



e operation. 



the early part of the summer our gardens 

 i infested greatly with grubs, — and young 

 ts of every description, potatoes, cabbages, 

 mibers, &c. were most unmercifully destroy- 



it was recommended to me to try an c.xperi- 

 i. with cabbage plants, which I did, as well as 



ral of my neighbors, aud it was completely 



essful, vi/, to hollow the soil from below the 



ts of the plants in a circular manner, and in 

 nsbauce did I find that the grub ascended, nor 



Remarks by the Editor. — Having had no experi- 

 ence in the culture of either of the above named 

 tioes. we' can give no information on the subject, 

 excepting what we derive from books. Rees' Cy- 

 clopedia, under the head "/'nufs," presents the 

 following 



" Method of Culture. — In all the sorts and varie- 

 ties [of the Pine Tree] the increase is effected by 

 means of seeds, which may be obtained from the 

 well ripened cones by exposing them to the heat 

 of a gentle fire, or that of the sun, in which way 

 the cells open and the seeds may readily be taken 

 out. When the cones are not made use of in this 

 way, they will remain several years without the 

 seeds being injured, especially where they are 

 close. 



"They should be sown in the early spring months, 

 as March or the following month, on beds of fine 

 .- earth, in a north-east aspect, or in large pots or 

 bo.xes for the purpose of being occasionally remov- 

 ed into different situations as may be found neces- 

 sary. They should be covered with nets to prevent 

 the birds from pecking off the tops of the young 

 plants, while the husks of the seeds are upon them : 

 and be acreened likewise from the heat of the sun 

 at first. 



" All the sorts, except the stone pine and a few 

 others, the scales of the co.ies of which are very 

 hard, soon come up ; but these frequently remain 

 more than a year ; the ground should therefore 

 not be disturbed, being only kept clean from weeds 

 in such cases. 



" Soaking the seeds in these cases may be use- 

 ful, as well as sowing them in shaded situations. 



" The young plants in all the sorts should be 

 kept quite clean, and occasionally refreshed with 

 water when the season is dry, in a very gentle 

 manner, so as not to disturb the plants. 



" When thoy come up too close, the plants should 

 be thinntfd out in summer, tlic thimiiugs being 

 planted out immediately in a .separate bed, in :i 

 shady place, being gently watered as there may 

 he occasion. They should be set out in rows at 

 the distance of four or five inches, and three or 

 four inches in the rows. The tender kinds should 

 be sheltered during the winter by frames or mats 

 from the frosts, but with the others it i» unneces- 

 .sary. 



" When the plants have remained in these beds 

 a year or more, according to circumstances, they 

 should be removerl into other rows in the nursery 

 at the distance of two feet, and one or more in the 

 rows. In this situation they should remain till the 

 periods of their being finally planted out. 



" The best seison for the removal of the plants 

 in all cases is towards the latter end of March, or 

 the beginning of the following month. 



" Where it can be done it is the best way not to 

 let them remain too long in these nursery situa- 

 tions, as the plants are always found to succeed 

 best when planted out before they have acquired 

 too large a growth. 



" When large plantations are to be made, it is 

 advised by some to raise the plants, on a portion 

 of the same groind, or as nearly similar to it as 

 possible. 



" It is advantageous to transplant them every 

 two years, by thi-t means they form better roots, 

 and such as spread out more laterally, and of 

 course the plants may be afterwards removed with 

 greater f-'.?ety. 



" In removing the plants at all times great care 

 should be taken to preserve the roots as much as 

 possible, as well as all the branches, without cut- 

 ting them. 



" When they have been finally removed they re- 

 quire little more trouble, it being only necessary 

 to keep them perfectly free from weeds, and sup- 

 porting the larger sort of plants with proper 

 stakes ; all the sorts should be suffered to take 

 their own natural growth ; being careful to pre- 

 serve their tops perfectly entire, to rhoot up as 

 fast as possible, and to branch out in their own 

 way, as no pruning is wanted, unless in the lower- 

 most branches of particular trees which are 

 thought too low and straggling, when these may 

 be occasionally trimmed, cutting them close to the 

 stem ; but pruning should be very sparingly prac- 

 tised to these resinous trees, as lopping the 

 branches contributes to retard their growth as 

 well as to impair their beauty." 



Evelyn's Sylva, an English work of high author- 

 itj', gives the following directions for making a 

 nursery of elms. The directions are adapted to 

 the soil and climate of Great Britain, but perhaps 

 may answer without material variation for this 

 country. 



" The seed must be gathered the beginning of 

 June, laid in a dry place for a few days, and then 

 it will be fit to sow. After having formed the 

 beds four feet wide, rake out the earth, about two 

 indies deep, and sift it into the beds again, ex- 

 '•fpt leaving about half an inch of it to cover the 

 seeds ; rjke it level again, and flat it a little with 

 the buck of the spade, then sow the seeds, anl sift 

 the remaining Gartli over them. When you have 



