Vol. V— No.12. 



NEW ENGLAND F^VRMEU. 



1)3 



Kliiig; over 'he Merrimack, nciir tlio junction 



,h Concord river. 



shepherd K'ooUen Factory at Nortliamplon, on 



necticiit river. The capital $130.(100 — persons 

 ployed, 1 13 — 37,.")00 yards ofsiiporiinc nnd sec- 

 1 quality ot' Broadclotiis manufactured, annual- 



and in this, 7,5,000 lbs. of Saxon and .Vmcrican 

 ool of first quality arc used, 

 n nnotlicr factory belonging to Messrs. Cooks 

 Northampton, 10,01X) yards have been made in 

 months, bein^j about 40 yards a day — for this, 

 )nt "-'5,000 of raw wool are worked annually. — 

 ich of the work is done by machinery. One 

 ny in Cooks' factory his 100 spiiiiles — 3 others, 

 each; anl a billy, with 50 spimlles. The cap- 

 : of this factory weiio not know. 



{To be continued.) 



SWEDISH TURNIPS AND MANGEL 

 WURTZliL. 



^t the annual nieeiir.j? of the Doncaster Agri- 



tur.-il Society in Durham, ^Eng.) Loru Althorp 

 ribes an interesting experiment wiiich he ha I 



de to ascertain tUe ^-omparative merits of Swed- 



Turnips and Mangel Wvirtzel, in the fattening 

 cattle ; the result of whicii went to prove the 



eriority of the latter. Two o.;en were at the 

 ne time put to the different kinds offoo,!, an.i 

 itinued at them for a stated period ; that which 

 fed on Mangel Wurt. el increased considera- 



more in weight than the other, which was fed 

 Swedish Turnips. This fact liaving been as- 



tained, tlie ox wliich had been fed on Mangel 

 urtiCl was put to Turnips, and the other which 

 d been at Turnips was put to Mangel Wurtzel 



a similar period ; and it was found, at the ter- 

 nation of the e.<;»eriinent, that the ox wliich had 

 .■n put from Mandrel Wurtzel to Turnips had 

 5l\veiglit, while the other which had been re- 

 j'ed from Turnips to Mangel Wurt/.el had gain- 



tonsiderably. lie further observed, that dur- 

 gjthe dry season, when the Turnips had been 

 afly all burnt or destroyed by the fly, Blangel 



uttzcl had flourished and was an abundant crop. 

 [Boston Pat.] 



TO PICKLE BEEF, PORK, 5:c. 



.4irf to keep meat good in the hottest Climates. 

 Tc four gallons of water, add one pound tiiid a 

 ilf jt Muscavado sugar, two ounces of saltpetre, 

 id ax pounds of bay or common salt. Put the 

 hol> into a clean pot or kettle, and let it boil, bo- 

 ig mreful to take off all the scum as it rises. — 

 V^hci there is no more scum, take tlie liquor off, 

 nd fct it stand till cold : having put the meat you 

 ish o preserve into the vessel you intend to keep 

 . in,'>our in the liquor till the meat is quite cover- 

 d, irj which condition it must be kept. 



If ym intend to preserve your meat a considcra- 

 le tine, it will be necessary once in two months, 

 o boi the pickle over again, clearing off the scum 

 hat rees, and putting in, when boiling, 2 ounces 

 f sugir, anl half a pound of common salt. Thus 

 lie ])iikle will hold good twelve months. It is in- 

 ompaable for curing hams, neats tongues, or beef 

 vhich ;ou intend to dry ; observing, when you take 

 hem oit of the pickle, first to clean and dry them, 

 JUt then in paper bags, and hang them iu a dry 

 varm pace. 



From the JV. Y. Evening Post. 



CIDER. 

 Good cder can be made any where, of good 

 Tuit, by .he following method : When your ap- 



ples are well ground, wet your straw with the 

 jiiico instead of water ; put some straw in a cask 

 next your receiving tub, with a blanket on it, to 

 filtrate or strain it ; then put it into a good clear 

 strong cask immediately ; suffer it to have as lit- 

 tle air as possible, to prevent fermentation. When 

 your cask is full, bung it up tight, and remove it 

 to your cellar, not to be disturbed for one month 

 at least. Tiiis cider will retain its sweetness for 

 years, and be as clear as needful ; it will be fit for 

 bottling in four weeks. It should not be removed 

 in the cask it was put up in, but racked into an- 

 other. If there be any who doubt this mode, let 

 tiieni try one cask after the above method. The 

 foregoing is certified from experience. 



BENJ. WALDRON. 

 New- York, Sept. 1.5, 1826. 



The following letter from Joseph Cooper, Esq. 

 of New Jersey to a gentleman in Philadelphia, al- 



ough it has before been in print, may be new to 

 some, and useful to others, by recalling to memory 

 i>Li;)ortant impressions, which the lapse of time 

 nu'V have wholly or jn part obliterated. 



AGRICULTURE. 



Respected i-;(Iknd — Kind Providence having 

 placed me in a station of life which obliged me to 

 procure a living by industry, and that principally 

 in liie agricultural line, it lias caused me to be a 

 strict observer of the works of nature, with res- 

 pect to such parts of the valuable creation as have 

 come under my particular notice; and I have been 

 greatly embarrassed at the opinion very generally 

 enlert lined by farmers and gardeners, that chane- 

 ing seeds, roots and "plants to distant places, or dif- 

 ferent soils or climates, is beneficial to agricul- 

 ture, not agreeing with my observations or prac- 

 tice. This induced me to make many experiments 

 on that head, all of which in more than fortv vears 

 practice have operated to prove to my satisfaction, 

 that the above opinion is not well founded, and if 

 so, must be extremely prejudicial to agriculture, as 

 it turns tlie attention of the husbandman from what 

 appears to me one great object, viz. that of select- 

 ing seeds and roots for planting or sowing, from 

 such vegetables as come to the greatest perfection 

 in the soil which he cultivates. 



What induced me to make experiments on that 

 head, was, observing that all kinds of vegetables 

 were continually varying in tlieir growth, quality, 

 production and time of maturity. This led me to 

 believe that the great Author of nature, has so 

 constructed that wonderful machine, if I may be 

 allowed the expression, as to incline every kind of 

 soil and climate to naturalize all kinds of vegeta- 

 bles, that it w-ill produce at any rate, the better to 

 suit them, if the agriculturalists will do their part 

 in selecting the most proper seed. In support of 

 which I will take the liberty of subjoining a tew 

 facts and experiments, out of an inconceivable 

 number which have all combined to prove the 

 above to my satisfaction. 



In, or about the year 174G, my father procured 

 the seeds of the long warty squash, which have 

 been kept on the farm ever since, without chang- 

 ing, and are now far preferable to what they were 

 at first. Our early peas were procured from Lou- 

 don the spring before Braddock's defeat, and have 

 been planted successively every season since on 

 the place. They have not been changed, and are 

 now preferable to what they were when first ob- 

 tained. The seed of our asparagus was procured 



from New York, in the year 175'^, since which 

 time I have not planted a .seed but what grew on 

 my beds, and by selecting tlie seed from the larg- 

 est stalks, I have improved it greatly. 



A complaint is very general, that potatoes of 

 every kind degenerate, at w liich I am not surpris- 

 j ed, when the most proper means to produce that 

 efi'ect is constantly practised ; to wit, using or 

 I selling the best, and planting the refuse ; by which 

 ' means almost the whole of those planted are the 

 ^ produce of plants the most degenerated. The 

 j consideration of which induced me to try an oppo- 

 site method. Having often observed that some 

 I plants or vines produced potatoes larger, belter 

 shaped, and in greater abundance than others, 

 without any apparent reason except the operations 

 of nature, it induced me to save a quantity from 

 such only for planting tlie ensuing season, and I 

 was highly gratified in finding their production ex- 

 I ceed that of others of, the same kind, planted at 

 the same time, and with every equal advantage, 

 beyond my expectation, in size, shape, and quanti- 

 ty : this induced me to continue the practice, and 

 I am satisfied that I have been fully compensated 

 for all the additional trouble. A circumstance 

 happened respecting potatoes, which may be worth 

 relating ; a woman whom I met in market request- 

 ed me to bring half a bushel of sweet potatoes for 

 seed the next market day, which I promised to do, 

 but going through the market on that day, previ- 

 ous to her son's coming for the potatoes, I observ- 

 ed the woman selling such as I had brought for 

 her ; when the boy came, I asked him tlie reason 

 tlicy wanted potatoes for seed, while they were 

 selling their own ; his answer was that his father 

 said, if they did not get seed from me once in three 

 or four years, tlieir potatoes would be good for 

 nothing. Queri), if he had used the same means 

 in selecting his potatoes for planting as I did, 

 whether he would have profited by changing with 

 one who used the other method ? 



In discoursing v.ith a friend who lived at a great 

 distance from me, on the above subject, he intro- 

 duced two instances in favour of changing seed ; 

 one was asparagus, the other radish seed, he had 

 from me ; the production of both he said was pre- 

 ferable to any thing of the kind ever seen in that 

 neigliborhood, which was near 100 miles distant, 

 to which he ascribed the benefit ; but iu two or 

 three years the radishes degenerated so as to be 

 no better than what he had before. I asked his 

 method of saving seed ; he said he had no other 

 radishes in his garden, and when they had pulled 

 what was fit for use, let the others go to seed. I 

 then told him iny method, viz. — As soon as radish- 

 es are fit for use, I dig up ten or twelve of those 

 which please me best, as to colour, shape, &c. and 

 plant them at least 100 yards from where any oth- 

 ers bloom at the time they do : this, I informed 

 him, was the best method I knew of, to improve 

 any kind of vegetables, varying tlic process agree- 

 able to their nature ; and as he had, in my opin- 

 ion, taken the most proper method to degenerate 

 his, I asked him if he thought I should be benefit- 

 ed by exchanging with him .•' Ilis answer was, he 

 believed I was the best gardener. 



In, or about the year 177"2, a friend sent me a 

 few grains of a smaller kind of Indian corn, the 

 grains of which were not larger than goose shot, 

 which he informed m©; by a note in which they 

 nere enclosed, were originally from Guinei, and 

 Droduced from eicrht to ten ears on a stalk. Those 

 grains I planted, and found the production to ans- 



