158 



NEW ENGLAND FARxMER. 



Dec. 8. 18'^il 



about one fifth, within the last year, in New Eng- 

 land — not in the number of buildings, but the 

 number of spindles ; for nearly all the new build- 

 ings are large and contain from 2000 to GOOO 

 spindles. The increases for the next year will be 

 nearly as much ; for more of the large companies 

 have finished their works, and the act of complet- 

 ing them will insure an increase of 20 per cent 

 for the ne.xt year too. I would proportion the 400 

 cotton factories of New England amongst these 

 States, as follows: — 135 for Massachusetts ; 110 

 for Rhode Island ; 80 for Connecticut ; 30 for 

 New Hampshire: 15 for Maine : 10 for Vermont.! 

 Of the 135 for Massachusetts; 50 are within 25 

 miles of Z?os/on, say in Norfolk, Middlesex, and 

 Essex counties ; 45 in reach of Narraganset Bay, ' 

 say in Bristol, Plymouth, and Barnstable counties; I 

 30 in Worcester county ; 15 in Hampden, Hamp- 

 shire, Franklin, and Berkshire counties, neighbor- 

 hood of Connecticut river. The manufacturers of • 

 Rhode Island are in Providence and Kent counties; l 

 those of Connecticut line principally on the coast! 

 side of Connecticut river, in Windham, New! 

 London, Tolland and Hartford counties. There 

 are some, however, up the Housatonic. Those of! 

 New Hampshire lie on the Merrimack and about j 

 Dover, in the counties of Rockingham, Hillsbo- 

 rough, Straftbrd, and Merrimac. 



The large manufacturing villages or places 

 where much capital is engaged are as follows, and 

 in the following order as to size, viz. Chelmsford, 

 Mass. ; Somersworth, Dover, Dunstable, N. H. ; 

 Pawtucket, R. I. ; Fall River, Blackstono, Mass. ; 

 Slatersville, Taunton, Pawtucket, Kent co. R. I. ; 

 Ware, Waltham, Mass. ; New Ipswich, New 

 Market, N. H. ; Springfield, Lancaster, Mass. ; 

 Norwich, Ct. &c. Very large companies are form- 

 ing to go to work at Saco. Me. and Haverhill, 

 Mass. &c. Calico printing now goes on at Chelms- 

 ford, Tauniun, and Pawtucket. They are pre- 

 paring to print at Ware, Dunstable, Somersworth, 

 Dover, &c. They already print in New England 

 G0,000 yards a week. One third of the manufac- 

 tories of New England, including all the new ones, ■ 

 have tlieir machinery on the best models now us- 

 ed in England ; another third have fair machinery 

 such as is still used in England ; and the other 

 third use machinery which is considered as super- 

 seded, but will adopt the best machinery as fast as 

 they get any new. The new and recent estab- 

 lishments in New England have several little in- 

 ventions of their own that save one third of the 

 work in some processes and which are not yet 

 used in England. The morals of the persons that 

 labor in the factories aie quite equal to those of 

 the agriculturists, and higher toned. They dress 

 more decently ; are more intelligent ; better man- 

 ners ; and the rising generation will be better ed- 

 ucated. Tliey consume twice as much as the same 

 number of fanners. They have raised the char- 

 acter of their occupation by regarding it as above 

 all that is menial. They will nftt associate with 

 colored persons or mere servants, and are reckon- 

 ed every way equal, and more than equal, to the 

 neighboring farmers. They put in Coventry any 

 man or woman who shows any thing dissolute in 

 language or manners, and compel the owner of 

 the factory to discharge such persons immediately, 

 by threatening to leave him, in a body, if he does 

 not. 



Schools are well organized among them, oh the 

 Monitorial plan. Churclies are regularly built and 

 filled ; anl, in the large villages, lectures are 



getting up for the laborers, on many of the scienc- 

 es. The owners of these large establishments ex- 

 press their entire confidence, that in 15 years, 

 they will supply the home consumption of all 

 cotton goods fine and coarse, plain, coloured and 

 printed : and I have no doubt of it myself. They 

 say, also, that they will be able to contend with 

 England in any market in the world (tariff aside.) 

 The above is a general view of the manufac- 

 tures of cotton goods in New England, and their 

 prospects. When I get better information of them 

 in other states, I will let you knov/ my estimates 

 for them too. At present I believe there are, in 

 all the other States, 275 cotton factories of the 

 averrige given to those of New-England, which 

 could make the quantity of cotton consumed a- 

 niouiiV to 150,000 bales in the year, to which I 

 think it w ill amount next year without doubt. I 

 will give you some estimates of the prospects of 

 the woollen and iron manufactories in the United 

 States, when I get sulficient data and leisure. — 

 With sentiments of esteem, &,e. 



[Washington Journal. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



BOSTON, FRtDAY, DEC. 8, 1826. 



GOV. LINCOLN'S FARM. 



We, not long since, took a morning's ramble 

 over the farm of his Excellency Gov. Li.-vcoln, 

 adjoining his seat in Worcester ; and were much 

 gratified as well as intruded by our excursion. — 

 We observed, among other things, an exemplifica- 

 tion of that important fact, viz. that the best soil 

 in Massacluisetts consists, or may consist, of re- 

 claimed upland marshes ; and that the agricultural 

 resources of New England will never be in the 

 highest practicable degree developed till her un- 

 productive, unsightly, and unwholesome swamps 

 are brought under cultivation. The droughts of 

 our soil and climate, according to maxims of plii- 

 losophy, and the records of experience, will be, 

 on an average of seasons, more and more severe 

 as the country is cleared of trees, and laid open to 

 the unobstructed influence of the sun's rays. Dr 

 Deane observed on this subject, '• It is in the pow- 

 er of the farmer in good measure to guard against 

 the ill effects of drought. It is a matter that cer- 

 tainly ought to be attended to in this country, in 

 which almost half our summers are complained of 

 by many, as being very dry. The best method is, 

 to have more of our lowest lands under the best 

 improvement in tillage. If this were the case, we 

 should not so often hear of a scarcity by drought. 

 If it were become customary to plant and sow on 

 drained lands, and in those which are so low and 

 wet as to need laying in ridges, possibly our dry 

 summers *ould be as fruitful, on the whole, as our 

 wet ones. But, as we manage our lands at pres- 

 ent, the case is far otherwise. A great number of 

 people arc always reduced to a distressed condi- 

 tion by a dry summer. And they are too ready to 

 consider the shortness of their crops in a dry year 

 as a divine judgment, though they might have pre- 

 vented it by a more prudent management." 



We visited Gov. Lincoln's farm the 12th of Oc- 

 tober, and of course before the crops of the latter 

 harvest had been gathered. Every barn, and other 

 leceptacle for farm produce, was however already 

 full to overflowing. Even the floors of the barns 

 were crowded with hay and corn stalks. The lat- 

 ter were of a lively green, liaving been coliectcd 



as soon as cut, and dried under cover. It sliould t 

 seem that the drought had passed lightly over his i 

 Excellency's land, although it laid a withering 

 hand on most of tho farms in New England. This li 

 was owing to the nature of the soil. In a fiinri oi i 

 more than 300 :icre3, somewhat more thiin lOl), ^ 

 while in its natural state, was, we believe, a ni". 

 ged, barren morass. But, drained and subdued br 

 skill, industry, energy and perseverance, it liud bi 

 come remarkably fertile. The crops on this pi 

 tion of the farm were rather benefitted than injui 

 ed by dry weather ; and probably those on tl 

 higher and drier portions received advantaire fral| 

 the manure obtained from the ditches, knolls, SlB, 

 of the lower part. At any rate the crops wcroe*. 

 cellent, and mostly produced from a tract, whicli, 

 but a few years since, was fit for nothing but,4 

 habitation for frogs and water-snakes. 1} 



We have already published in the New EnglajM 

 Farmer, vol. iv. page 180, an extract from the Re- 

 port of a Committee of the Worcester Agricultui- 

 al Society, relative to the improvements whicl 

 distinguish this farm ; it is therefore not necessfc- 

 ry for us to enlarge upon this topic. We think 'jl 

 a fortunate circumstance, that Governor I-i,\coi^ 

 and others whose character and intelligence plaife 

 them in the first rank in society, should take jdfe 

 deserve the lead in that pursuit which is of fl 

 highest importance to the community, and gifl 

 heneficial and indispensable employment to tp 

 greatest number of its members. i 



.Measures for the relief of Manufacturers of. ff'ool) 

 ."Vt a public meeting held on the 1st ^iiist.l 

 Worce&ter to devise measures for the relief of m( 

 ufacturers of wool, Jas. Draper, Esq. in the Chi 

 Emory Washburn Esq. James Wolcott Jr. 

 and Moses John Brown were appointed a comin! 

 tee to draw up a Memorial to Congress on 

 subject. This Committee presented an able 

 morial, which was adopted at the meeting, 

 James Wolcott Jr. Esq. Capt. J. Southgate, 

 William Lincoln, Esq. were appointed to proci 

 signatures to, and forward it to Congress. 



iji 



EOSTO.N MEDIC.IL I .\TE LLIGENCER. 



We believe that one of the best modes ofguatS* 

 ing against the niiscliief of quackery may be founi 

 in the diffusing of such a degree of knowledge. a- 

 raong the people at large,that tliey may be able to 

 detect medical impostors. Another advantage tote 

 derived from such knowledge,consists in its havlBjf 

 a tendency to check the presumptuous and hazal^- 

 ous practice of those who, without medical skill, 

 sre too ready to undertake, in dangerous coB- 

 plaints, to dodor themselves, their families, or it- 

 pendents. Such people take medicine when thSjT 

 should take advice. By reading a well conduclxd 

 medical journal they :nay gain knowledge enougi 

 to be sensible of their ignorance, or at least oftte 

 limited extent of their information with regard io 

 the healing art. Tiiey may obtain such an insiglt 

 into the human frame as to have a realizing seil|K> 

 of its being " fearfully and wonderfully made,"alrfi 

 not to be tampered with, with impunity. MoM- 

 over, such a publication may furnish such inforti-l y 

 ation as often to enable intelligent readers to tM ^| 

 ticipate and counteract the causes of diseases, aBdJ |^ 

 supersede the necessity of " sending for the doc- 

 tor" for every slight complaint, or imaginary ail- 

 ment. Every housekeeper, male or female shouM 

 know somcthinof of the safest and most eliicieDt^ f( 

 remedies for every day complaints ; and likewMe* W 



