' 



:ol. V No. 0:1. 



NEW ENGLAND FAUMi.rv. 



•.■idgcd ridicrSffroin the BuUctiH ties Sciences, 

 lor the Hampshire Guztlle. 



GRAIN. 



k FOc.i(?ly in the depiiitmpiit of Ain, which has 

 'c various e.vporiir.ents upon (!if1'ei-ciit kinds of 

 J,,, lin, reports that suring wheat docs not suoceeil 

 their clayey plains. ' It i^ absnlutely necessary.' 

 s the report, " that spring wheat should bo 

 vn very ear!y ; this kind of grain requires mi W, 

 npish weather ; a dry May reduces the crop to 

 lOi^t nothina;." — " We must therefore leave it 



I Ithe valleys of our mountains, where the dews 

 e more abundant, the rains of May more certain, 

 d the sun less w-arm." Tliey made some ex- 

 riment-a with sprin<r £;rain sown in autumn ; the 

 ilk was longer, and the ears larger and sooner 

 0, but the seed remained quite small. 

 There are more than .50 varieties of winter grain 

 the departmoHt of Ain. Those from warm coun- 

 ies have for several years been attacked by the 

 St : those from the north do better. The society 

 prees an opinion formed from their own obser- 

 tionand experience that diflerent kinds of wheat 

 (I °'' ^y^' growing near each other, cross the 

 ,,M.rieties, and produce an alteration in each, like 

 _,Bidian corn. In support of this opinion, they ad- 

 vice the assertion of gardeners, " that you carinot 

 jBave melons near pumpkins without altering the 

 iste of them ; that when green and yellow melons 

 row together, the color of each kind is changod, 

 le green blending with the yellow" &c. 



SUMAC 



The sumac of the tanners, (Rhus coriara) grows 

 1 various parts of Europe, but is cultivated only 

 1 Spain and Sicily. The young shoots are set out 

 I row s in October, and the soil is afterwards stir- 

 d once or twice with the plough. In the month 

 'f August, in the second or third year, the peas- 

 nts cut the plants close to the earth,and the same 

 done every succeeding year. The stems are 

 ried in the sun ; the leaves are then separated 

 rom the stalks by threshing, and are reduced to 

 owder in u mill. They are then ready for tanning 

 norocco and other leather, and are packed in lin- 

 n sacks for transportation. 



The ancients employed Ihe sour berries or the 



umac to season their food; the Hungarians put 



em in vinegar to give it more color and strength; 



and the people of Egypt season their pilau with 



p;!iem, and cook them with meat. 



[The American sumac is inferior to that ob- 

 tained from Spain and Sicily. This deficiency 

 m?-y be owing to the species, or the soil, or the 

 clinirite. Sicily sumac is $90 per ton in New 

 York : American only $30 per ton.] 



SUGAR OF EUCHARIA. 



Mr Woorcroft, an English traveller, relates, in 

 liis notes upon Bucharia, that the Usbeks and 

 Afghans of that country have a perfect suhstilute 

 for the sugar cane, which is pleasant, healthful 

 and cheap. The cities of Bucharia produce annu- 

 ally 70,000 maunds of this sirup, and it forms the 

 basis of their swealrneats, of which great quanti- 

 ties are consumed. Mr Moorcroft does not indi- 

 cate the name of this substitute. 



[This intrepid and loarnrd traveller died near 

 rthe city of Bucharia in the latter part of ISS,^.] 



Fat Hcgs. — Six hogs, belonging to one litter, 

 have been slaughtered this season at Dover, N. H. 

 which weighed together 2919 pounds — the smal- 

 lest 4'>0. and the largest S.iS. 



FnO.M THE Missonu HLHaLD. 



ficnfrnl^^lshtrifs Rxjtedidnn — Tlie irceul ex[ ctli- 

 lion of tieiiprai Aslilcy tn tlie country west of lliu 

 Riirliy Mouiilains has bi-eii jirnriuclive iil iiil'r nimtioii 

 on snIijiT.ts of no small inli^rest to tlic peoplu nf tlie u- 

 iiion. It Ims proveil tliat the ovcrlaml cxporiilions, 

 in V,m,i: liodies, n ay he maiUi to that remote rra;ion, 

 u-itluiut the ht!ccssity of transpniting provisions tor 

 ui.iM or Least. (!cn AsliK'y Icli St. i-oiii? in MhicIi 

 last anil letiirned in .^cptetnbev. His return cnrnvau 

 con^i.^tvul of upvvarHsofone iMiiulrefl horses and mules, 

 anilinoie (iian half tliat nunilier of men. lie wont to 

 the station of tiic party he hail Infi lieyonri the moun- 

 tains, when he came in a year ago, and tlicnco de- 

 scemlfd a river, believed to be tlie Buenaventura, a 

 bout one hmidred and fifty niiles lo the (ireat Lake 



His return march to f?t. Louis occupied about 7U 

 days, each mule and bursa carrying nearly two liun- 

 d'cd [loundsof heaver fur — the animals keeping J^ieir 

 stiensili and flesli on the grass wbicb tliey f>>uin|, and 

 wid'out loosing any lime on this long journey. The 

 men also fiiund an abundance of (cod ; they say there 

 \va.'< 110 day,in wliirli tliey could nnt have subsisted 

 a taoosand men, an I ofien ten ".bousand. IJuffaloe 

 funiislied Ilic principal food— water of the best (piali- 

 ty was met with every day. The whole tome lay 

 through a level and open country, better for carriages 

 than any turnpike road in th." U. States. Wagons and 

 carriages could go with ease as far as General Ashley 

 wei.i, crossing the Rocky Mountains at the source of 

 the north fork of the Platte, and descending the valley 

 of the Hupiiaveiitina towards the Pacific Ocean. The 

 l-ike wliicli terminated the expedition westward, is a 

 mo.'t remarkable body of water, and heretofore un- 

 known, unless from vague accounts It is estimated 

 to be one hundred miles long and sixty or eighty wide. 

 It was coasted last spring hy a paity of General Ash- 

 ley's men in canoes, who were occupied four and 

 In enly days in making its circuit. They did not ex- 

 actly ascertain it's oiiilet, but passed a* place where 

 iliey suppose it must luivebeen. The water of this lake 

 i, much sailer than that of the sea. Some of Ihe salt 

 'Obtained itoiu this 'vater by boiling, lias been brought 

 in by Gen. Ashley— he has also brought some spe- 

 rimens of rock salt, found in a strata several feet thick 

 at the surface of the ground, with streams of water 

 running ihiough it m numerous li;;le channels. The 

 peopis in the mountains plentifully supply themselves 

 with sail at this spot, and carry it home in bags. 



In the whole expedition. Gen. Ashley did not lose 

 a man, nor had any one of those died whom lie left ' 

 behind last year, many of whom have tieen out four 

 or five yea's, and are too happy in the freerlom of 

 those villi regions to think of returning to tUe com- 

 parative thraldom of civilized life It would seem 

 that no ateinpt has been made to ascertain the pre- 

 cise latiiiiife and long.iude of the jioiiit at which 

 Gen. A-' i"V crossed tlie mounta us It is to hoped 

 thatthi> ■ .11 not be neglected on the next expedition. 

 Kroin ail i lat we can learn, the elevation is exceed- 

 ingly small were the passage of the mountain was ef- 

 fected — so suall a.5 hardly tit^ffecl tl,c rate of going 

 of the ciravan, and I'oruiiug at ihe most, an angle of 

 three degrees, being two degtees less than the steepest 

 ascent on Ihe Cuitberland road. 



Avthenlirfrom Colr.ml'ia -The IVa;:oual Intelli- 

 gencer of Saturday puMis'.es ihe following imeresting 

 couMiHinicalion fro.ii ihe Secre-aiy of Stale of Coloin- 

 bia.io Wr. Salazar, Minister Plenipotentiary in this 

 country. It is dated at Bogota, Gib iS'ovember. 



"I hasten to inform you tiiat, accor''ing to official 

 information which has just been received tlie Presi- 

 dent Liheralor will arrive in this cdy on the Mlh inst. 

 '1 he people, as was anti-^ipated, Kave begun to see 

 their ardent wishes realized; fur,\ince the 12th of 

 September, V, I've Ins Excellency arrived at Guayaquil, 

 ea'-b day has given prooff«'f the desire of his Excel- 

 lency to promote the true happiness of (.'olomliia, and 

 of Ihe afiictionate r"s|)ect of the Colombians towards 

 their li'-'nefaetor. The result has been, up to this 

 lime. II.' complete i eiMalilisIm rut of consliliitional 

 order :ii iIr; Department of Ecuador. Gtiai|Uil, and 

 A.suay. efi'. eteri hv persuasion and not by the exercise 

 of authority In one of the Deparlnienis one only of 

 the Inten lams has been removed— Ihe Commandant 

 Geneial only in another. This conciliatory conduct, 

 so coiiloimable to that which has been observed hy 

 the (iovermnent, is the best proof ol union and public 

 safety ; and ( hope to be al le before lung to commu- 

 nicate lo you that the law has recovered its authority 

 in all the extent of Colombia. 



With perfect respect ajid distinguished considera- 

 tion, 1 am vour otedient humble servant. 



JOSEPH RRLVENG A." 



MECILI ..Vies • M EF.riMG. 

 Mr. Ediiiir— I li.ive seen a notice ill sevcriil nfile 

 Newspapers of a meeiing to he held lhiscvciiii.i< of the 

 meclmniCB. and others, Iriemlly to the arts, llie ohji ri 

 of which appears to be to encouingo by a course of 

 public liciures. Ihe sciences as connected tviih the me- 

 chanic aris. Tn infiife inio ih.e labouring classes a 

 spirit of ini|uiry on tliesB subjects, isceriainiv a laiula- 

 blo object, and cannot but meet the appiotation ol ev. 

 ^•rv eidiehiened man. It is well know n that societies 

 i-f ihe I.hid ab'iv.: alluded 10, I'ave been estabimhed in 

 all ilie iiriiii i|>al (ities ill Great Britain, aim have I een 

 aili'iuled with singular success. Some of the mosi sci- 

 eiinrK: u!eii,andenligbleneil philaiithrr)| ists of Europe 

 have espresscd their high approhallon, of tlie olijecis 

 coiitemplateil, and have aided in a pecuniary niamu r 

 similar institutions. In ourown country, considerable 

 progress has also been made. The "jXim-York Mc 

 chiiiiic and Siiciilijic Institution.'''' incniporated in 

 1822; and the "Fhaxklix I.mtitutf." of Philadelphia, 

 incorporaled in 1824, numtier among their n:en litis 

 some of the most respectable artists and n»echanicsof 

 the country, and these institutions are yearly incii'as- 

 ing in usefulness and respectability, t-hall liostou re. 

 .ii'ain inactive.' Shall Boston, which has ol.tained the 

 reputaiion of being the most literary city in Ihe Union, 

 shall Boston sufiei' herself lo be eclipsed by her sister 

 ciiies in this respect.' No. There are talent, spirit and 

 capital enough in Boston, to esteblish au institution 

 which will rival any in the Onion. Let us begin, let 

 every man who is desirous of raising the reputation of 

 our city attend the meeting thi.- evening, and aid by 

 his presence and exertion the laudable object which 

 those who called the meeting are desirous ol obtaining. 



FRANKLL\. 



Sketches of Character. — A writer in the ButTalo 

 Journal is amusing himself, (says the N. V. Gazette) 

 withdrawing sketciies of the manners and character 

 of visiters theie Irnm various cities of the Union.— 

 The following is a specimen of his style :— 



"The Philadelphia (air I're distinguished by the 

 mildness of their inanoers, and their fondness for con- 

 versation or aptness at small talk. They have much 

 of what the French stv'.etm bonyr.int in their appear- 

 ancc, generally handsome, and suinetimes beautiful, 

 and would be more agreeable with less e-.cn;on In ap- 

 pearso. They are usually accompanieil w iih n qua- 

 ker father, or a dull news reading husband, who are 

 continually boring their auditors with Schuylkill W a- 

 ter Works and regular streets. Your real Philadelphia 

 buck rarely ventures beyond ihe bouiuls of civilization 

 which he conceives to be limited by the bound" -"" 

 native city." '■'' 



"'llie.New-York cockneys are known by their aflec- 

 ted pronuncialicn ; they either clip their words or lisp 

 prettily, and express a mortal aveision to yankeyism. 

 Talk 10 them of groves and fountains, and they will 

 silence you with phrases of castle garden and the bat- 

 terv— Speak of Ihe falls of Niagara, and they will 

 recite Ihe wonders of the city hall. Their dislike ot 

 the counlry is evident (rom the anxiety which they 

 manifest for a speedy and safe return to their friends. 

 They are in the main harmless fellows, and are held 

 in high esteem hy out tavern keepers, as they eat little, 

 spend their money like princes, and never ask the 

 items of a bill. We have seen no very favorable spe- 

 cimens of New-York belles. The waiting maids are 

 altogeilier finer women than their mistresses. '1 hey 

 are reserved, to dullness, and appear 10 hold the na- 

 tives in great contpiiipl, much 10 the mortification o( 

 sundry of our small gentry, who esteem themselves 

 vastly pretty fellows. " Red Jacket is thought by them 

 to be the only distinguished personage ill the western 

 district, and 1 have known a company of city belles 

 to stand an hour in a bar-room lisieuing to a conversa- 

 tion held with him hv a learned gentleman of their par- 

 ty, t! e cunning Indiiin nodding his head in re|ily to 

 vvhathecniild, by no possibility, have nnderstnori. 



The Albany beau is quite the reverse of his New- 

 York neighbor He drinks brandy and talks politics, 

 swears at the servants, and quarrels with his lanrllord, 

 and is in fact what he styles himself, 'a leal roarer." 

 The ladies under his protection are usually handsome, 

 'but resemble their gallant in iudiscieiion ; they romp 

 the streets wilhout proiectiim, address strangeis with 

 the utmost confidence, and look country gentlemen 

 out of countenance. 



'•The Bostonians are decidedly favorite?.— The ad- 

 dress nf the elderly Boston gentleman is highly prepos- 

 sessing. He is affable, courteous and intelligent, wears 

 powder, and dresses for dinner, and hassomcthing ot 

 the I.T5tcentuiv in his appearance. We have more 

 beauty from Boston than any other niaiket. Good 

 sense, and delicacy in thought and manner, are the 

 cliar.-»cteristics ol a New-Eiigland female, but there is 

 something peculiarly agreeable in the tout enseinble 

 of a iJoston lady. Neither hauglily nor atfecied, they 

 are particular in their society and elegant m their niaii- 

 ncrs, and retain in some n>easure the excellent quali- 

 ties of the old fashioned English- gentlewoman. 



of his 



