•ol. v.— No. 'i5. 



NKW ENGLAND FARMEK. 



197 



\ TIVATION OF tJARLEY, AS I'RACTIS- 

 lU) ijy TlIK JiKST FARMERS IN 

 KNGLAXD. 



rley delights in a samiy loam. It {rencrally 

 wlioat, the Itttnl beiiif^ broken up us sovii 



iini! the seed sown above ; but more fre- 

 tly it IS broken by three ploiighings, nutwitfa- 

 iii_r they may not have more than a week to 

 nn them in. Tiii.s, at first .-iyht. appears an 

 icio'.is practice, the ploii^hings bring soqiiic' 



by confining; his attention to eitner of the 

 taking only such as bear the neuvcsl allinity and 

 assist one or the other he miiy hojie to become an 

 uilept in th it particular branch, and realize a cor- 

 responding priifit. And in selecting' the particular 

 Christmas as it will admit the plou;,'h. Ills jbrunoh he will pursue, the hnsbandmun sliould not 

 !ied and harrowed in March. In April this ji-ishly adopt that '.vliich a cliancc speculation may 

 tion is again repeated ; the iiusbandman jl^jitthe moment cry up as the most profitable : but 

 ards taking caro to render, with the harrow should, in the first pl^e, consider for what his 

 Jroller, the entire surface as oven and as lev^ 1 t":'ri» is nioro particularly adapted, and what his re- 

 ible. Sometimes the gioind is only plough sources will en. hie him to have most perfectly at 



command ; and then steadily and persevering ly 

 )ursue it. 



As t)ie cobler to his last, so lot tlie dairyman 

 ■ri'-k to his cows, the gnr ier to his beeves, the 

 vool glower to his flocks, tl.roMgh all tlie ujis and 

 cacli other, neitiier the root weeds have ti\ficlilowiis of speculation, and there is little apprehen 

 iiher, uor the seed weeds to vegetate, ^int sion that either in the end will h.sve cause lo com 

 heing a. freq.icnt practice of some of the test plain that he gets no profit in his labor, or is not 

 ers, we may be assured that two ploughiligs a sharer in the general prosperity. — M^isa. Spy. 



b'irrowings are not wantonly thrown away.' — - 



sorfoik farmers are in general masters of the , COWS. 



d" cultivating barley. They seem fully awar? ,' _ Keep no move cows than jou can keep well 



he tenderness of this, plant in its infant state, 

 of its rootings being unable to make the prop 

 )rovress in a compact or a proper soil ; they 

 eforo strive by every means in their power, to 



er tlie soil as fine as ashes, and fit for the re- 

 ion of the seed. The proper time for sowing 

 seed is from the middle of April to the middle 

 ilay ; but the time depends in some incaaure 

 1 the season ; the true period is ju.it.hrj'ore the 

 puts on thnt saUow appearance, which it does 

 10 time the buds are breakin'i;, previous to the 

 insion of the leaves. Three bushels are usual- 

 llowed to an acre, and sown broadcast ; itis 

 I ploughed under with a shallov.' furrow, an airt- 

 ible practice in soils light enough to pro luce 

 1 barley, provided the seed is not buriod too 

 ). If the season however i.s wet, and the ar>il 



and heavy, the seed should be cast upon the 

 ace, and then harrowed and rolled, as is the 

 tice in other districts. — Alden's Treatise on 

 ixrt of Bread-Making. 



One cow well fed will produce as much milk as 

 t.vo indiflbrently treated, and more butter ; and if 

 the cow be wintered badly, she will rarely recov- 

 er during the s"cceeding summer, so as to-become 

 profitable to the feeder. — Cows should by all 

 means, be housed in extreme weather, and partic- 

 ularly those which give milk, or a failure in tlie 

 quantity of milk will be experienced. Wherefore 

 instead of keeping twenty cows poorly fed and but 

 h-ilf of them-stabled, sell ten, and give the remain- 

 ing ten feed to the amount equal to what the 

 twenty originally had ; procure constant stabling 

 for them, and you will receive quite as much milk 

 an 1 butler in return, as was derived from the 

 former mode of treating twenty. Sweet potatoes, 

 cnrrots, pumpkins, and ground oats, are unques- 

 tmnably amone the best articles of food for ndlch 

 caUle ; they occasion the milk to assume a fine 

 flav^^ and colour, as well as an increase of quan- 

 tity. 



Exporiments have been sucesafuUy made In Eng- 

 land for obtaining gas from peat, which is said to 

 be more brilliant and less offensive in smell, than 



divided in to its distinct and separate branches. p„„„..„„„ . j. ... . . 



,, , ... ^ , ■ ., ., ,, . L- 1 » rougbkeepsie ; from which specimens of 



! blacksmith to his anvil, the cobler to his last , ,, „„ „i » ■ . j i 



... , ' . . . ' I Cloth, equal to any imported, tave recent 



carpenter to his adre, and so on oi the other _-.,;,.„„ i 



HUSBANDRY. 



seems not generally apprehended or if appro- 



ded, not acted upon, that husbandry or farming, I that obtained from coal. 



the mechanic arts, in order to be most prorita- AT„v.„r i a m -nr ^ ■!_ t^ ,- , 



, ,, I ■ •. u 1 I 1 I'll il Mnufaetures — A Mr Wadsworth, an Enghsli 



to those engaged in it, should be divided ami . .. '^ „ . i.i- , , i- . 



° ^ ' woollen manufacturer, has established a factory at 



broad 



ently been 



produced 



J^ovel Importation — A late arrival at Baltimore 

 from Bremen, brings hay ana potatoes ! This in- 

 deed is like " carrying coal to Newcastle." 



From an acquaintance with the country in that 

 region, Mr Geddes suggests thnt it is within the 

 compass of po.ssibility that the Welland Canal may 

 turn the course of Niagara river. 



■pente 

 nchps of mechanical labors ; no one tiiinks of 



tying on all these at one and the same time 



the farmer appears not to appreciate the ad- 



tages of confining his labors to any one branch 



lusbandry, the converting of effort and atten- 



1 to one point ; and yet this is, in fact, as im- 



tant in husbandry as in mechanism. And itis 



iDg to this mistaken policy, no doubt, in a great 



asure, that the art of husbandry has advanced 



slowly, and the profit so small in comparison to 



labor. A moment's reflection will show this 



natural result. By having the attention divid- 



among all the various branches, no one be- 



nes particularly skilled in either, and hence no 



inch becomes particularly profitable. By keep- 



a few rows for dairying, a few swine, a few 



■cp, fattening a few beeves, raisingr a little 



lin. a little flax, &,c, the attention and resour- 



? of a common farmer are so divided, that the 



ole yield but a discouraging result; whereas, 



We understand, says a Salem paper, that 1500 

 bales of American Cotton goods liave been ship- 

 ped from Boston for Smyrna, within a short time 

 past. This is a new and important market for 

 American manufactures. 



M'atioval DeU. — In 1817, the national debt of 

 the United States was $12.3.000,000 and the pres- 

 ent year it will be only $74,000,000, being a " re- 

 duction oifftij millions in 10 years" What stron- 

 ger proof is wanted of the general prosperity of 

 the country. 



Mm/ of the United Slifes — The following'' is a 

 list of the vessels of war now building: — Alabama, 

 Virginia, Vermont, Pennsylvania, and New- York, 

 7rs ; SantPC, Savannah, Sabine, Raritain, Cum- 

 berland, Columbia and St. Lawrence, 44's ; Con- 

 cord, F.-ilmouth, Fairfield, Vandalia, Natches, and 

 St Louis, sloops of war, 18's They arc mostly in ;i 

 finished state. 



Luxury. — In a country where all the inhabitants 

 went barefooteil, could lu.\ury be imputed to the 



first man who made a pair of shoes for himself? 



Or, rather, wan he not a man of sense and indus- 

 try ? Is it not jusl. the same with him who pro- 

 duced the first .shin .' With respect to the man 

 >■ ho had it washed and ironed, I consider him an 

 absolute genins, abundant in resources, and quali- 

 fied to govern a State. Those, however, who arc 

 not used to wear clean shirts, consider him as ii 

 rich, effeminate co.xconib, who was likely to cor- 

 rupt tlie nation. [Philosophical Dictionary.] 



2-Tl,881 barrels and 5,882 half barrels of Flour, 

 arrived at Boston the last year ; being about 23,- 

 711 more than in 18J5. — We are good customers 

 to the Southern States. 



Portsmouth Market — Pork 4 to 5 cents. Beel 



3 to 4 dollars a hundred. Poultry ti to 7 cents. 



Butter 15 to 10 cents. Cheese, best, 7 to 8i cents 

 —common d«. 4 to 5 cents. Corn 60 to 83"cents. 

 Rye 85 to 90 cents. Hay 17 to 18 dolls. Oats 50 

 c ents. Portsmouth, Jan. 4. 



To keep potatoes any length of time, the most 

 effectual way is to place them in thin layers on a 

 platform suspended in an ice cellar. There the 

 temperature being alway sthat of active vegetation 

 they will not sprout.while not being many degrees 

 below the freezing point tubers will not be frost 

 bit. Another mode is to scoop out the eyes by a 

 very small scoop,and keep the roots buried in earth. 

 A third mode is to destroy the vital principle by 

 kiln drying, steaming, or scalding. 



SIIORT-EARED OWL. 



The Memoirs of the Philadelphia Society for 

 Promoting Agriculture, vol. iii. page 3411, cont^ns 

 the following notice of a bird, which we believe is 

 not held in high esteem in this portion of the 

 Union. The article was written by the Hon. 

 Richard Peters, formerly President of that Socie- 

 ty. 



" The numbers of mice, moles, and other vermin, 

 destroyed by the Strix braehyotos, or short. eared 

 owl, are truly surprising. All the owl tribe are 

 mousers. A pine tree, spreading and thick set, 

 near my house, affords a shelter and roost to about 

 a dozen of these owls, through the winters. Tlie 

 quantities of fur, teeth, and mashed bones, of a 

 variety of diminutive animals — such as mice, moles, 



small squirrels, and probably also young rats, 



contained in the ordure of these useful and keen 

 hunters, (among which, not a feather is to be 

 seen,) most plenteously dropped under the tree, 

 show the industry, and astonishing powers of di- 

 gestion, of tliese birds. A tew of them, (and they 

 generally are gregarious,) ' will soon clear thft 

 barns and outhouses of a farm ; and thin the ver- 

 min of fields in the vicinity of their head quarters. 

 Formers should encourage them to resort to roosts 

 near their buildings ; and invite their vi-i's in 

 every way. I believe this species of the owl, guilt^ 

 less of depredations on poultry. 



