NEW ENGLAIND 1 ARiAIEK. 



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ray barn by wliich four men and a boy, and a yoke 

 of oxen or a span of horsos can thresh more than 

 twenty five bushels per liour. 



If our farmers will but awake to a sense of their 

 interest— break Uie shackles in wliich custnm has 

 bound them— and pursue the jjropcr method of 



I have done both in the spring and fall — was not to exceed ten dollars per acre, an uver- 

 ing I have found the best time, but not so age produce, 40 bushels per acre worth 6'JA cents 

 lent for carting manure. About the tenth per bushel. I took from this ground, tlic t« o suc- 

 it was well dragged, or ploughed with a , ccoding years from vJ.V to Jf tons of hay per acre, 

 rse plough ; if ploughed it was harrowed i In this way the land was cleiuiscd, enriched, and 

 ind if it was wet and springy it was cast into j prepared for a t'urtlier rotation of crops. 



idges by throwing two furrows together at j The second rotation. — The sod was turned over | clearing, fencing ploughing' miiMu'rino- and crop- 

 nce of two and a half feet from the centre the last of August or first of September, manured, ' ping their land, the day cannot he far distant 

 ridges, but without disturbing the sod; then , and rolled down as in the first instance. Aliout i '''voured as we are with an excellent soil when 

 arked at the same distance. About the , the 15lli of September, I sowed it with red chaff this county will rank with the most productive 

 th or twentieth of May it was planted with ; bearded wheat one and a half bushels per acip and and among the most wealtliy in this State. Cal- 

 owed yellow corn, twelve ipiarts to an acre harrowed it in. The seed was prepared by wash- 1 culate for yourselves, gentlemen the savino- of cx- 

 a pickle made of six ounces of saltpotre,two in^; it clean in a strong brine made with salt, and ' penso in cultivating a farm after the lots are well 

 of boiling water, one gill of tar. This immediately rolled in lime, and 1 let it lie moist arranged and fenced, and the old rubbish and 

 was applied to the seed boiling hot, which t\(enty-four hours to prevent smut and insect. In , stones removed ; both as it respects labor and 

 imedi.itely rolled in gypsum and planted. — the fore part of Mny, five or six pecks of plaster j '"ipleuient.s of husbandry. When your lots are 

 lead lam's were planted with four rows of i were sowed broad cast to the acre. The expense j well prepared for crops, one horse with suitable 

 es for tiie convenience of turning the horse ' of this crop including mfinurt! was about sixteen I ploughs and harrows, will answer all the purposes 

 ,ot to bre..k ilown the corn. ; dollars per acre, — the produce from thirty-five to | of two, except to plough or harrovv stiff sward or 



r the, corn was out of the ground six or : forty bus' cIs per acre worth one dollar and twen- j clay. Tt is in the saving of labor and increase of 

 inches, it was lightly ploughed both ways — , ty-five cents per bushel. j crops that we must expect the profit of our farms, 



row in a row, dressed out with a hoe and I Late in the fall or early in the spring I turned It has once and again been said that the poor 

 rod on the hill five pecks to the acre. After i up the old sod — harroivcd and planted it to corn, man cunnot afford to cultivate his farm in this 

 three weeks it was ploughed and hoed Tilled as before mentioned e.xccpt the barnyard way — but it is a grand mistake — it is the rich man 

 "ore without disturliing the seed, and sucker- manure — the expense about fourteen dollars per j only that is able to bear the prodigal waste of time 



fore hoeing, leaving three or four stalks in acre — had from eighty to a hundred bushels per and rnoney in half clearing and fencing half 



Th^TJOtatoes were hoed at the same time acre worth forty-four cents per bushel. i saving and applying his manure half ploughino- 



In the fall or early in the spring I harrowed and harrowing — half preparing and putting in his 

 down the hills, and in the spring sewed it with I seed, and half harvesting and securing his crops, 

 some spring crops suitable to stock down — sowed i This is the way to make a rich man poor, instead 

 and rolled as before stated, produce from 50 to GO I of making a poor man rich. 



bushels if barley — from 25 to 35 if spring wheat, I Let me entreat those farmers who feel unfriend- 

 and from 70 to 80 if oats— from 5 to (> hundred l 'y to this society — those who are incredulous ou 

 pounds if flax, per acre ; and afterwards for two j this subject, and those who do not believe that 

 or three years from three and a half to four tons j such large crops can be produced as have been 

 of hay, or pasture in thai proportion per acre. Some 'frequently reported to this society, and attested 

 o.Tsons, instead of sowing wheat o;; t!^o sod in the [ ^y the best authority, to try the experiment on one 



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the corn — the first time, Uie tops were cov- 

 jabout an inch and tho hill left fiat — the sec- 

 lime the tops were spread apart with the hoe 

 Ibout the same quantity of dirt applied on the 

 IS before. The whole of this expense includ- 

 |lie manure and interest of the $36 did not 

 ;d .$l'>."'0 per acre. 



the fail, I gathered on an average from sixty 



Ivcnty bushels of corn per acre fit for the crib 



|h. at that time, was worth fifty-six to sixty 



per bushel ; and from four hundred and fifty 



e hundred bushels of potatoes, worth about 



Jon cents per bushel. After the corn was har- 



Jjd, the hills were harrowed with a two-horse 



In the spring I ploughed just deep enough 



irn up the old sod which had become a fine 



stable mould for a .^spring crop, and after nar- 



32 the furrows down, sowed it with barley, 



hed in strong brine and rolled in plaster abcut 



and a half bushels of seed per acre, harrowed 



id before cross-harrowing it was seeded with 



quarts of the large red clover seed and three 



nds of timothy. After the barley was out of 



ground one or two inches, it wag sowed broad 



with plaster, five or six pecks per acre, and 



ed down to pulverize the lumps and smooth the 



face for mowing. The expense of tliis crop 



IS, and severe drowth, but the sod belov/ ab- 

 bs the wash of the manure, and thus prepares 

 veil when turned back for the next crop. As 

 (f new lands are much surer for, and more pro- 

 btive of crops, where the vegetable mould is all 

 i the surface, the nearer I approach the same 

 Inciple in cultivating the soil, the better I suc- 

 bded in raising crops. 1 have received more ben- 

 t from three loads of manure applied as above 

 ited than from five when ploughed in deep. I 

 1 of opinion that the strength of our soil could 

 ver be exhausted with a proper rotation of crops 

 lere all the manure which they produce, is care- 

 lly preserved, and once in four or five years 

 operly applied to the surface. This I think has 

 en fully verified by our new land; for after tak- 



fall, I have turned it over in the spriiij-. rolled and 

 harrowed it, and sowed it with three bushels of 

 small, or thres and a half busliels of large white 

 peas to the acre. After they had been washed 

 in strong brine and rolled in plaster they were 

 ploughed in on the top of the sod — when out of 

 the ground one or two inches, plastered five or six 

 pecks to the acre, and had from thirty to forty 

 bushels per acre — then in the fall, turned back the 

 sod and manured it, sowed it with wheat as before 

 st,ateil, and have had from forty to forty-five bush- 

 els per acre. The third season have taken a crop 



lot and keep an exact account as respects quantitv 

 of crop and the true cost. 



I should be glad to see a liberal premium of- 

 fered to the person who will raise the greatest 

 quantity of grain the ensuing season upon an acre 

 of old improved land, with the least expense, I 

 am well aware that impositions have been practiced 

 upon this society, but shall this destroy it — No. 

 Let us rather cherish it — it has already been 

 productive of great good. 



There can be no doubt but in the past year one 

 thousand bushels more grain have been raised in 



of from eighty to one hundred bushels of corn per I the town in which I reside through the stimulus 

 acre. And the fourth stocked it down with bar- ■ of this society, and that other property has been 

 ley. This I have found a good course when my 1 '"creased in the same proportion, amounting to 

 ground was in heart so that it would answer to I more than one thousand dollars — Admitting the 

 take from it four crops of grain before stockino- [same competition has been produced in other towns, 

 with grass. With this mode of husbandry, as will [ we may safely calculate that this society has in- 

 appear from following out the above calculations, ' creased the property in tho county of Saratoga 

 my land has afforded me a handsome profit. I more than eighteen thousand dollars Let us sup- 



The raising of stock. — [ have as yet paid but ' pose Agricultural Societies equally cherished in 

 littlo attention to this part of husbandry. How- j other counties and v;e have an increase of property 

 ever I would observe that the stock should always * i'l this state through their influence of more than a 

 be proportioned to the size of the farm, that thev [million and a half of money annually. 

 may on the one hand bo kept in good condition, ; Can any man have proper views of national 

 and on the other consume all the hay and other I economy or be a friend to the best interests of his 

 fpdder which is grown on the farm, j country, who instead of cherishing would raise 



I cannot close this address without recommend- [his voice for withdrawing the patronage, of the 

 ing to the members of this society more attention ' state from an institution productive of so much 

 to the implements of hu.sbandry, especially those ' good. 



which diminish hand labor ; particularly Ike horse I Laudable and becoming exertions, are made in 

 rake. With this implement one of my workmen this our land of peace and plenty, to instruct our 

 with one horse and boy to vide, raked in three j youth in almost every art and science, and shall 

 hours five acres of grass, yielding three tons per j we not look forward with fond anticipation to the 

 Also machines for threshing and c/eant'ng- i period as not far distant when we shall have sem- 



- c- ,> y so m UQfg_ ^ijg machines for threshins and c/eantne- 1 period as not far distant when we shall have sem- 



r trom an acre. It generally produces our hsavi- • ti en n j , ,• ■ • i r . l- ». • <. ■ > * 



rron nf ^ >-=- ""' "-a |g-rat,i, I have oBc, ofBallou's patent, erected in manes also for teaching this most anportant, 



; crops of grain and grass. 



