Vol. V No. y:i. 



NEW ENGLAND FAIIMER. 



251) 



e (liis uitliout siiggetitiiig to the lOiisiik-ralioM 

 he enlighteiie;i Trustees of your st>ite AErric-nl- 

 il Society, tlic propriety of uscertaininn:, by c.\- 

 ment ami anaiysis. the compiirative value of 

 cider fniit, and of awarding preniiiiras, nol 

 y for the discovery of the best kinds of eider 

 but for indigenous or hardy grapes, best 

 ptcd for American wines. 

 Ubar.y, f>^. 'iG, 1827. J. DUEL. 



[tkanslated from the trench.] 



N PLOUGHING IN GREEN CROPS FOR 

 MANURE. 

 Fesse.nden, The use of green crops for manure 

 .nown to enlightened agriculturists, but I have 

 ■ely seen them thus used in this country. Many 

 ms, situated in the interior, and of consequence 

 rived of the means of easily procuring manure, 

 entiraes leave w^ithout culture, lands which it 

 luld cost but little e.xpense to put in a state to 

 ;ld an e.\cellent crop the following year. This 

 ould be the use of buckwheat, sow^n for the first 

 rte immediately after the spring frosts. When in 

 •ver, plough it in for the first process. Then 

 w a second time, which crop, when in flower, 

 ould also be ploughed in, which will give anoth- 

 process. If the season should not be too far 

 vanced, sow a third time, sow thick (about three 

 ishels of grain to the acre at each sowing,) in 

 der to obtain more verdure, and cause the crop 

 grow the taller. The year following you will 

 .ive the choice of such crop as will be most ad- 

 intagcous to your interest. And, after having 

 Dtained a knowledge of the soil, you may restore 

 ff this means, lands which are the most exhaust 

 D ; and you could not bring the crop to a better 

 larket. These trials may be made on a small 

 ;ale, for example on one acre ; and they would 

 jtablish the advantage which cultivators might 

 Ibtain from this vegetable employed in this man- 

 er. Farmers in general arc acquainted with the 

 lalue of clover, ploughed in to fcrtili?e the earth. 

 But the use of buck-wheat, on lands nearly ex- 

 lauBted is a thing which deserves the particular 

 are of the cultivator in this country, in which as 

 et, but little seems to be known or practised re- 

 lating to this subject. 



I have seen with pleasure, in a late number of 

 70ur paper, the encouragement, which the Mass- 

 achusetts Agricultural Society have offered to 

 cultivators. They have a noble employment to 

 whom is entrusted the distribution of such rewards, 

 which have a tendency to promote the different 

 ibranches of agriculture and rural economy as well 

 as that manufacturing industry, which employs 

 their products. I am, with regard, 



ANDRE PARMENTIER. 

 Horticultural Garden, Long Island, Feb. 10, 1817. 



Remarks by the Editor. — The ploughing in of 

 green crops, for the purpose of manuring the soil 

 IS a practice by no means new in this country. — 

 The Rev. Dr. Eliot, of Killingworth, Con. in Es- 

 says on Field Husbandry, published 17(iO takes no- 

 tice of this mode of recruiting Aornout lands; 

 find recommends millet as a suitable crop for this 

 purpose. The Massachusetts and the Essex Agri- 

 cultural Societies offer premiums for experiments 

 on this subject. Col. Pickering called the atten- 

 tion of agriculturists to this practice in an Address 

 delivered to the Massachusetts Agricultural So- 

 <:iotv. in 1?-1Q, and published in the New England 



FMrnier, vol. i. page 318. S. W. F.niiinoy, Esc). i 

 publisliG.l an " Essnr) nn the JlJvanlht^e of Mttnur- | 

 ine; with Gnen ' raps" vvhich first appeared in the 

 Massachusetts Agricultural Repository for Juno 

 18'2'2, and was republished in the New England' 

 Farmer, vol. i. page 9. Mr Pomcroy recommends 

 the trial of the White Eupine, as a "green dre:;s- 

 ing for the restomtion of worn out soils." Dean'..; ' 

 New England Farmer, likewise treats of this mode j 

 of enriching land. Under ti.e head " Green Dress- 

 ing" page 177, Wells &. Lilly's Ed. it is observed I 

 " In Britain, buck wheat is much used, as the | 

 stalks, when green are very large and juicy, and! 

 as they require but a short lime to rot U is as- ' 

 sorted, that about ten days are sufficient for it to j 

 lie under the furrows. 



The chief difficulty I can think of, which tends 

 to discourage this practice, is, the choking of tlie j 

 plough in going; among a tall growth of plants. It i 

 may be needful for a boy to tend it. But in Brit- 

 ain, to prevent choking, they recommend to pass 

 a roller over the crop to be turned in, vvhich layo | 

 it flat, and in the same direction that the plough is 

 to pass. 



Biinister's Husbandry, an English work, says 

 " This grain is sometimes sown for the purpose of 

 ploughing in the stalks as a manure. On fallows 

 this method may be pursued' to advantage ; but 

 then it is to be noted, that the ground should be 

 ill pretty good heart,so as to throw up a'large bur- 

 then of haulm, otherwise no benefit can accrue 

 from this mode of husbandry." Very few writers 

 on husbandry, either in America or Europe have 

 omitted to recommend the ploughing in of buck 

 wheat, as a manure, but we d" not recollect any 

 directions except those of Mr Parmentier for 

 ploughing in for manure two or three crops of 

 buck wheat in the course of the same season. 



ORNAMENTAL GROUNDS. 

 Mr. Fessenden, — I think if those who have 

 estates in your vicinity would employ Mr Parmen- 

 tier to lay out their grounds in case they occupy 

 them, they have an immediate reward, and if 

 they sell them, they would receive for every dol 

 lar thus invested, ten. The advantages Mr V. has 

 had are within reach of few in this country, and 

 a man who has natural taste, and whose fortune 

 enables him to gratify it, generally attains great 

 perfection. — Mr P. when possessed of fortune 

 (which the revolutions in France deprived him of) 

 followed for amusement what he now, in addition 

 to his Horticultural Establishment, follows for the 

 support of his family ; and as his charges are ex- 

 tremely low, I hope he will receive that patron- 

 age in your state wliich he so richly deserves, and 

 which has been rendered" him here. — I this day 

 saw a map of Vi acres he has been laying out for 

 Alderman King of this city, and think it is the hap- 

 piest thing he has executed. The corporation 

 here contemplate improving the Park,&c. If so he 

 will be engaged to design and execute the im- 

 provements contemplated. — When you see a gen- 

 tleman^ particularly at his lime of life, exerting 

 himself for a respectable support, with cheerful- 

 ness, and treating all with the politeness that al- 

 ways attend those of his country, it is our duty to 

 employ him, particularly as our interest (which 

 we all look to more or less) will be essentially 

 benefited by the operation. Yours &c. 



IMPROVEMENT. 

 T^ac-York, Feb. 8, 1827. 



WING'S IMPROVED hi LiiJi t,iN'GINE. 



The above is a drawing of Wing'd Improvement 

 in the Steam Engine, without a boiler ; one of a 

 two horse power, is about the size of a large 

 kitchen stove ; takes no more fuel than a common 

 fire place, its Machinery is very simple, and easy 

 to be kept in repair, and less expensive than any 

 hitherto in use. 



Any further information of the above can be 

 obtained, by applying to W. P. Wing,Post Master, 

 Greenwich Village. 



DriMon Market, .Monday, March 5. — Number 

 ofbeeres, including 22 unsold last week, 375; 

 2 fine oxen, sold at $0, average price from $4 50 

 to S5 50, 48 unsold; 405 sheep, some good, brought 

 $4 50 to 5 per head, averuge price $2.75 ; milcb 

 cows and calves, none ; pigs none ; working cat- 

 tle, few in the market, no sales. 



Distressing Accidtnt. — As Mr Earl, a respecta 

 ble inhabitant of Baltimore, was preparing a few 

 days ago, for a shooting excursion, he took a fowl- 

 ing piece which had been loaned to a person, and 

 returned, as he supposed, nnloailed. He put a small 

 charge of powder into the piece, and fired, when 

 unhappily, a full charge of shot, which without his 

 knowledg-e was in it, was lodged in the body of 

 the son of Mr H. W. Tilyard, a child about three 

 years old, who was just entering the room.hand in 

 hand, with the son of E. The child died immedi- 

 ately, and on examination, it wjis found that ten 

 shots had entered the heart of the innocent sufl'- 

 erer. 



JVeuspapers were first printed in England in 

 1663. The London G: velte was published on 

 Saturdays, and so continues to the present day. 



American Venison. Sur-h is the regularity and 

 speed of the packets from the U. States arriving 

 at this port, says the Liverpool Mercury, that. 

 American venison is now no unusual dish at the 

 tablesof many of our townsmen. 



J\'eedle3 Now so much used, were manufac- 

 tured in England about 1550, by a Negro from 

 Spain ; he would not impart the art, but Eliaa 

 Growse, a German, some years after, taught the 

 English the art. [Russell's Eflgland.] 



