208 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



Marcb li'. 



From Litadun^s £>/»■ 



lUi ly . -gncu 



MANAGING AND FEEDI.VG ANIMALS 

 Conlinutii fro.a jUge 'HiM 



ail : ciediiH,. uitiinul beiu^ coiiit'orUhiP in rvery 

 respect ; and in brutes as well as men, want of 

 comfort operates on the digestive powers. If the 

 surface of the stall on which an ox or a horse 



author of a Tnatist on H rsts observes, it 

 dcsireable that country "surgeons should in tfl 

 different localities ijive instructions to the la 

 practitioners in the country ; and that gentlen 



Water given to animals ou^.ht to be soU and ' stands, deviates .mich from a level, he will be of property mign nave such a sense of their, 

 pure.as being a better .oivent than such as i. hard continually uneasy ; and he will be uneasy during inlcrest as o call m a surge.m m all cases of 

 and charged, with earthy particles. It ought to the night if the surface is rough, or if a proper ; least difficulty. All that we can here do is t, 

 be of a moderate temperature, un.^.r thiit ol the bed of litter is not prepared every evening for | peat our advice of studying the art of prever 

 npenairinhot weather and exceeding it m win- him to repose on. The form of racks and man- rather than ot cure ; to suggest that, in gene, 

 ter. Deep wells aiiorl this diff, rence. In par- gers is often less commodious than it might be. an analogy subsists between the constitution 

 ticuiar cases, as in those amm.N i.asiukliiig A hav rack, which projects forward is bad ; be- diseases of the human and brute creation, ran 

 state, or milked hy man, warmed wa er has been cause the animal m drawing out the hay is teased ! to bleed animals unless by regular advice; s 

 found advantageous. Meals, or other light rich with the hay seeds falling into its eyes and ears ; , confine as much as possible the operations of co- 

 matters, are soiueUmes mixed with it ; but it does and this form, it may be added is npt to cause the | doctors and smiths to giving warm dunks gen! 

 not clearly appear, cvcepting in the last case tiiat breath of the animal to ascend throngli its food j purges, gli sters, w hich can seldom do any harm, 

 liquid food is so generally advantageous for fat- which must after a time ron-ler it nauseous. For 

 ■ tening animals, as that which, being equally rich this reason hay should be as short a time as possi- 



Hem*" 

 ■nJliiiert!' 



:»>11"' 



Ujiie,'"' 



The follnwinj extract is from the abl Jlddressi 



, - . ,, . , ^ , • , .-111, „;,7on iliropt \ Ge'irtre B. Emerson, Esq, delivered Fib. 7 183 



s solid. Some judgement is requisite as to ti.e ble m lofts, but uhe_n practicabl_o,J,.- P'^en direct- |^^ ^^^ ^^^^^.^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^^^v^ Mechanics^ InstUutioi 



TO in quest of water. Perhaps the immediate di 

 lution of food, after being taken into the stomach 

 with water, may at the same time weaken the di 

 gestive powers, by diluting the gastric juice. At 

 all events the free use of water at any time, but 

 i.'speciiilly during meals, is found to weaken diges- 

 tion in the human ■species. As animals of every 

 kind become reconciled to any habit not iiltimate- 

 "ly injurious to Itealth, perhaps for housed animals 

 1 stated quantity of water, given an hour or an 

 hour and an half after, what may be called their 

 meals, may be *lie best mode. 



Moderate e.\ercise ought not to be dispensed 

 with, where the flavor of animal produce i.i any 

 object ; it is known to produce circulation, pers 

 piration and digestion, and by consequence to in- 

 vigorate the appetite. Care must be taken, how 

 over, not to carry exercise to that point where it 

 becomes a labour instead of a recreation. In 

 some cases, as in teeding swine and poultry, fat- 

 tening is hastened by promoting sleep and pre- 

 venting motion, rather than encouraging it ; but 

 such animals cannot be considered healthy fed ; 

 in fact their fatness is most commonly the result 

 of disease. 



Tranquility is an obvious requisite, for where 

 the passions of brutes are called into action, by 

 whatever means, their inflirence on their bodies is 

 often as great as in the human species. Hence 



time most proper for giving water to animals. In ly from the rick. Poultry of different kinds are , l- , , , 



general, it does not appear necessary to supply it often crowded together without any regard to the [ But there are those who think that the posses] 

 fmmediately after eating, for animals in a natural comfort of the particular kinds, by attending to ion of knowledge and the exercise of the undel 

 state, or pasturing in a field, generally lie down their peculiarities, such as the web feet of the standing are incompatihle with a constant ar 

 after filling themselves, and after the process of duck tribe, and proper size of roosting sticks for | diligent use of the physical powers ; that vigor 

 digestion seems to have gone on sometime they the toed feet of the other tribes. Even the crow- min.l and mechamcal skill are inconsistent wil 



ino- of the cock must cause some degree of irrita- each other. 



tio^n : and consequently impede health and fatten- Let Us ask how and why this can be done, 

 ing by disturbing the repose of quiet fowls, such Will an artist perform less skilfully an ope'ratioi 

 as the turkey or'soose. Various other instances of which he understands the reason and thi 

 will occur to a 'reflecting mind ; and surely it principle, than or.o which is dark and unintclligi 

 must be a duty as agreeable as it is conducive to ble ? Is there any magic by wliich knowledge pal 

 our own interest to promote as much as po.isible sies the hand of skill, unnerves the arm of strength? 

 the comfort and health of those animals whose , Let a mechanic understand the nature of the ina,1 

 lives are shortly to be sacrificed for ours. :teriril he employs, enable him to predict the effect] 



Health. A good state of health will, in general ; which heat and air and moisture will have upon it, 

 be the result^of the mode of feeding and treat; : show him how to counteract that effect; will he,, 

 ment which we have described ; but in proportion , in conesquence of his knowledge, produce a less! 

 as our treatment either of ourselves or other ani- j durable work ? Give him such an insight into the 

 mals is refined and ariificial, in the same propor- j secrets of nature, as to enable him often to omit 

 tion arc the functions of nature liable to deran2;e- ! and always to shorten a process, which before 

 ment or interrruption from atmospherical chancres j wag long and expensive ; sho.v him bow to give 

 and various accidental causes. When this takes j a new temper and a keener edge to his tools ; will 

 place recour.-ce must be h.id to art for relief. This be, from this saving of time and labour, become 

 is an obvious, natural, and reasonable practice : I remiss, and conceive a disgust to bis art .= Carry 

 thouirh some contend that as every disease is only , bim on until you have formed his judgement and 

 an effort of nature to relieve the being it ought to j refined his taste ; will bis customers compliiii 

 be left to itself. To treat animals when in health when he adds to the other qualities of his goods a 

 artificially, and the moment they become diseased graceful figure and fasl.ion ? 



to abandon them to nature, is a proposition so in- I Let us interrogate history upon this point. Let 

 contrruoHS and absurd, that one would suppose it "s t-^ke instances, and learn from them the effoci 

 would be rejected by the common sense of man- of knowledge on the charracler of an individual as 

 kind. There are, however, some solitary instan- • an artist— I mean an artist in the best and widest 

 ces of medical men having adopted this opinion; sense of the term. 



but the melancholy result of their acting on it in Renme was born in obscure life, was the son of 

 the use of emasculation, complete or partial sepa- 1 the human species, as well as its utter rejection poor parents, and brought up as an apprentice to 

 ration, shading from too much light, protection | by all rational professors, and men in general, has ^ mdl-wright. He several years pursued that oc- 

 irom insects, dogs, and other annoying animals, reduced it to its intrinsic value. There may be cupation in Scotland, with great success. Avail- 

 and from the too frequent intrusion of man. much of quackery in medicine ; and unquestiona mg himself of an opportunity to attend a schbol of 



Cleanliness is favorable to health, by promoting jbly, there is a great deal in the art as applied to Mathematics . nd Natural Philosophy, he so per- 

 nerspiration and circulation. Animals, in a wild the brute creation by common practitioners ; but <'ected his natural genius, that, leaving his former 



to reject the medical art altogether, becomes on busijiess and his native country, he became the 

 the other hand a species of quackery just as des- most distinguished civil engineer in England, and 

 picable as the other, and not less dangerous ; for left, as a monument of his genius, a strneture,— 

 it cannot be much better for a patient to be left to ""f^ refer to the Waterloo bridge over the Thames. 

 die through neglect,than to be killed by overmuch — whieh has been pronounced the most perfect of 

 P^rp " jits kind in Europe. 



' Farriery, as applied to cattle and sheep, is a do- | J'l'nes Watt was a mathematical instrument mak- 

 partment of medicine 'in which perhaps greater ig- i er at Glasgow. By the dexterous application of a 

 norance prevails than in any other. The subject ; few principles in chemistry, which he had learnt 

 as applied to horses since' the establishment of , of D r Black, lie carried to perfection the steam- 

 veterinary schools inthiscountry [Great Britain] I engine, a machine, which has added more to th.- 

 and in France has become better understood; but [ ■"e';'>='n"=al power of man, and produced a wide r 

 the pupils from these establishments are so thinly (''"■•'^f:' =h^;i'-'e upon the arts, than any other in- 

 settled, that as Jiawrcncc, veterinary surgeon and 



jfeW 



h i«* 

 Ite-t* 



;li,0U 



state, attend to this part of their economy them- 

 selves ; but in proportion as they are cultivated, 

 or brought jnder the control of man, this becomes 

 out of their power ; and to ensure their subservi- 

 ency to hi^ wishes, man must supply by art this as 

 well as other parts of culture. Combing and 

 brushing stall fed cattle and cows is known to 

 contribute materially to health ; though washing 

 sheep with a view to cleaning the wool, often has 

 a contrary effect from the length of lime the wool 

 requires to dry. This often brings on colds, and 

 aggravates the liver complaint, so incident to 

 these animals. 



Comfort. An animal may be well fed. lodged 



(vention of modern times 



