•292 



NEW ENGLAND FAllMER. 



April G. a 



(Selected for the American Farmer.) 



HORTICULTURAL ITEMS. 



Prom Loudoii's Gardtner^s Magn-inefor 182G. 



Preservation of Apples in K'inter. — Robert Don- 

 ald thus describes his method and success in pre- 

 serving apples, in the Gardener's Mairaziiie : 



" I had a trench dug five feet wide, one foot be 



From Yeoman's Gazette. 



now alluded to, a thousand plants will be main- 

 tained on the same space, and the weight of prod- 1 

 ucc in herbage and in hay increased in proportion. 

 It has been remarked by farmers that if oats and 

 peas arc sown together, each in suiScient quanti- 

 ties for a crop, the product of each will be as great 

 as it it had occupie ■ the ground wholly. The only j 

 way in wliich I can account foi this fact, as also ■ been so iuattenlivo to keeping our barley clej 



rno'„,.„„n,l „,, I .„.olvofpptlnna- that quoted above from from Curtis, is upon the j pure,'ihat the barley trom Maine and New : 

 low the sarrace ot the ffvounu, and twelve leet long. ^ , r i- l j l. • , , ■ , , .• i 



I covered the sides and bottom with turf, the gras- t'-o'T of Gnsenth-vaite, that ditfei^nt spec.es of [ sh.re, had obtained a decided preterence ovd 

 y sides upwards, and then filled the space with : P'^^ts take up different qualities of food from the , in the markets of Boston and New York.' 

 Golden Klbs a^d French Crabs, about 2^ feet -1 ; that what is indispensable for the perfec, on , nc 



TO THE CULTIVATORS OF BARl| 



I last year addressed you, on the subject i 



ley, and particularly advised you to procu 



sow clean seed. I was induced to do this, j 



that so many of us, have sowed bad sea 



pretend to be able to direct you, in thl 





, • » .1 I ' T .1 „„' of one. is not necessary to, or laken up by another; ' mole of cultivation — but only to remind yoa 

 deep in the centre, sloping to the sides ; i then ,"' ""^' '=»""•• "-'- ' .' , i r „i ,■ , u- i t i i i *• .u i> j 



covered them close with tuif, the grassy side next that each requires a specihc or particular food.- , t^ct wh ch I had received, tro the Brew^ 

 Uie fruit, to keep them clean. I next had the ridge ; 'n^<^od, this is amply recognised in the rota .on of N. York, and ffom Mr. Lair , and Mr^Sowdl 

 covered with mould a foot thick, to keep out the \ ^"'P^- A succession ot the same crops w.ll .nev- { Boston and .t see,«s you did not much regaJ 

 frost and exclude the external air. In the end ofptably detei-iorate. unless the soil upon which they suggestions, for very 1. tie of e.i her clean o%|,e.m 

 April I had them taken out, in fine preservation, are sown, .s annually supplied with ^the spechc was sowed, .n^either of the Counties of Es^ 

 [ a-ain last autumn kept 50 bushels in the game i fofx^ "'h":'' they consume. ' -- -" " - - - "' 



way, with equal success." 



We see this principle j Middlesex, and it is a fact which ought to ( 

 further illustrated in the alternations of spines i some surprise, that since the 1st November, j 



Charcoal dust, the refuse of a charcoal pit, ap- ^hich are constantly taking place in our meadows , thirty thousand busMs of barley have been 



plied to the ground half an inch thick, and mod- "'"d in our forests. In Gloucester, Lng. the sainfoin 

 orately mixed with the top soil, has been found a \ ^U abide in the chalk soils ten years ; after which 

 complete preventive of the depredations of the the same ground w.ll not grow sainfoin tdl ten 

 .rub, of .nouldiness in onions, and the clubbing in °ther years have intervened. (Marshall.) In Hoi- 



the roots of cabbages and cauliflowers. 

 Jjoddige's J^urscry, at Hackney, near London 



land it is considered unsafe to sow flax oftene»- 

 than once in ten or twelve years. Grisenthwaite, 



ted into the port of Boston, to wit, from Bren 

 (iermany 97, .500 bushels, anil from Smyrna in 

 key a.'iOO bushels ; — this quantity might wedj 

 been produced in the County of Mildlesex 

 and probably have saved $15,000 or $20,000, \ 

 ent out of the County to pay for this barl^ 



contai..s more than 8000 species, excUisivo of 2000 it may be remarked, contends that a rotation of j Must there not be something in our hush 



varieties of plants. The trees and shrubs are said "ops is not necessary ; but this is only on t^he sup- 

 to exceed in numt,er those of any other collection PO^'^'^ou, that the specific manure consumed by the 

 ,n the world. Of the acer (Maple,) there are 27 ""P i^ ^'""'■'^"y '''^^''"^'^ "^ 'he soil by the cult.va- 

 ■ ■ . ,.1 \ A'r c / I \ oo tor It is well known that a voung apple tree 

 var.et.es ; cfjtagus thorn, 47 ; fraxmus ash, -32; ''""^- "■ " "''" '^', ," ' =• , '^*^,. , 



, . , jf, , 1 1 J,, , , will njt 3row we 1 where an old one has died or 



pinus, (pine,) 40 ; quercus, (oak,) 40 ; rosu, (rose,* wm uji, mow 



with its varieties, 1450 ; salix, (willow,) 192 ; ul- 

 mus, (elm,) 20, &c. 



Covent Garden .Market. — The following abstract 

 of the prices of forced and other vegetables in the 

 London market, which are quoted from Loudon, 

 cannot fail to excite surprise : 



Feb. 7. Asparagus 10 to 12s per 100. .Apples 

 IG to 20s per bushel. 



Feb. 2L Cucumbers 2Is per brace. 



March 21. Colmar Pears \l. Is per dozen, and 

 ihought cheap. Strawberries ;js per oz. Sweet- 

 water grapes £2 2s and upwards per lb. 



April 24. Grapes 24 to 30s per lb. Strawberries 

 2s per oz. Apples 24s per bushel. 



April 18. Young Potatoes 2s (id to 4s per lb. 



will nJt grow wi 



been dug up ; yet a tree of another species may 



thrive well there. Nurserymen, if they under- 



hich ought to be reformed ! Can barley be gl 

 cheaper in Germany than we can grow it ! 

 soil is said to be fertile, but the air cold, 

 must be owing to the patient industry of the 

 that thy are able to send us barley, when it 

 come charged with a duty of 15 per cent, andii 

 freight, and commissions of the mercnants. The 



stand their business, never plant a species of tree i is probably 3000 barrels of flour brought fiomt 



where the same kind has been taken up, until the 

 ground has been well manured and cropped two 

 or three seasons. 



The facts stated by Mr. Curtis are particularly 

 important to grass husbandry. Grasses, like other 

 plants, have their particular seasons of growth. — 

 There are several species which start with the fir.st 

 appearance of vegetation, and which blossom in 

 April or May. Others start later, grow vigorous- 

 ly after the first have become stationary, and flow- 

 er in succession, in June, July and August. Oth- 

 ers preserve their vigour and growth until vegeta- 

 tion is checked by the frost of autumn. A pasture 



South, and consumed in the County of Muidl 

 annually, which must cost us not less than .SI5j 

 now as we have a fine soil and climate for ba 

 we ought to be able to send them as much aniidr 

 ly, as will purchase that flour ; this would appe 

 to be a fair exchansje of commodities, and 

 encouragement to the coasting trade, to q 

 them each way, and can we engage in a bi 

 culture ! The increased demand for beer, is a al 

 ject of congratulation, and if encouraged, may 

 time, drive out that vile poison. New Engliiud rut 

 which now pervades every place, in our dwelling 

 at the taverns — in the fields — in the stages — tb 



.May \G. Cherries 12 to IGs. per lb. , .„ ,, , t- u- u^l i. r ■ ■ j , ,■ , 



./«ne3.Garden.««i7.1s.perdo7.. Eng!ish/,o^J P"«sessing these different kinds, some of which , breath of every one is tainted, with this vilo po 

 Id each • Hnakes 4d each • leeches 10 to 20s per 1 "re in vigourous growth in every part of the graz- son— it is then no less our interest than our dul ,, 

 hunivwi.— See Gardener's Magazine, p. 216, -348. 1 '"g reason, must possess a nmuifest advantage | to encouraae the introduction, and use - 



Important fact in regard to grasses.-Any cer- , °ver that which has but one or two kinds, which 

 tail soil, says Curtis, will maintain a greater, and only shoot with superfluous plenty in spring, in 

 produce more nutritions produce, if cropped with miasummer,or in autumn, independently of the con- 

 number of difterent species of grasses, than it siderations suggested by Mr. Curtis, timttlie num- 

 ber of plants, and the gross product, will be more 



maintains and produces if cropped with only one „ , , . u j 



or two species. Th» is a curious and important than doubled : it affords a luxuriant growth, and 

 fact, and which has been unnoticed in previous abundance of nutritious feed, al all times. It is 

 works on the subject, as well as neglected in prac- this property which gives a peculiar value to old 

 lice. If an acre of good land is sown with three pastures. In Great Britain they are estimated a 

 pecks of ryegrass, and one peck of the clovers or third more valuable tor the dairy than pastures 

 trefoil, 470 plants only will be maintained on the "ewly laid down ; because they contain many 

 square foot of such land; if a larger quantity of gr.>s.-:es, some of which luxuriate at every season 

 these seeds is sown, whether of these two species of the year. By sowing the many kinds of grasses 

 or -of any other two, the extra plants vegetated, which they contain, a new pasture will attain the 

 (Which will certainly appear at first, if the seeds >'=i'"e of an old one, the second or third year after 

 are good) will decay in a short time, leaving blank 'e'^'1'"g- A better afention to our indigenous 

 spaces to be filled up with weeds or spurious gras- gi-^'sses, and the intro, uction ot mo* from abroad, 

 ses; or in fact, plants of different species, supplied would very much further the interests of Ameri- 



by the soil, manure, or neighbouring hedges. But ^an farming^ J- B- 



f, instead of two species of grasses, eight to tweu- ^ g|,ip loaded with stores and provisions has 

 ty different soits are sown on the same soil, or that (just galled from Philadelphia for Greece. 



liquors. The increase of breweries, in Massacht 

 setts, promises much for the barley culture, an 

 we shall be likely to find a more ready market 

 and get cash too, for our barley than for any othe 

 grain we can cultivate. Whether the seed froD 

 Smyrna, and Bremen, will be the best to sow, 

 am not able to inform you. Seed carried fron I 

 North to South generally succeeds well. Boston i: 

 in latitude 42, Bremen is in latitude .53. consequent 

 ly colder than Boston, or Massachusetts ; and i 

 would appear, that Bremen barley might succeec 

 well in Middlesex County. Smyrna is in latitude 

 38, and consequently much warmer than our cli- 

 mate — hence it appears that barley succeeds in • 

 variety of climate, but there miy be other things 

 besides climate, to he talien into the calculation- 

 Mr. Breed, a merchant in Dock Square, invites 

 purchasers to buy of him, for seed — and I under- 

 stand he sells for 00 cents the bushel. Good b.ir- 

 ley of well approved quality, is sold in Worcester 

 for $1 the bushel. I have deemed it proper at 



