ll.V.— No. 00. 



NEW EAGLAlSD FARMER. 



ky to romiiiit any c.\ccss in this way ; and 

 [ernl, tlwit tlie ollencr the work is repeated 

 the weather be wet.) tho liner and more 

 ml will bo the crop. 



.n tlie bean is siiiViciontly in blossom [which 

 n for granted so soon as the lower or iirst 

 ■ pods begin to swell) it is a practice not un- 

 j ._jn, to pinch ofi" the tops of the vines ; the 

 J. ,.j4 of which is, to prevent this plant from hav- 

 ''-*ire pods than it can bring to perfection : 

 render better those which arc ]cl\, by giv- 

 . them :\ nutriment, which would have other- 

 gone io the support of a useless portion of 

 But of this practice and of the theory on 

 it is founded, uo may be permitted to 

 because it does not appear to follow, that 

 .the growth of a plant is checked or suspend- , 

 one direction, it will not exert itself in an- 

 as injuriously to the crop, as any increased 

 I of stem would have done. Every day's ex- 

 ice shows, that if we pollard an apple tree, 

 idoed stop its growth upward, but that in- 

 of sending its surplus juices to the support 

 •nlnrgemeut of the fruit, (as this practice 

 jses,) it hastens to throw out lateral stems 

 ccors, which give no fruit whatever. Our 

 therefore is, that in the vegetable economy, 

 .1 juices go to the production of stem and 

 n OcJiers more elaborated, and of a difiorent 

 y to that of flowers and iVuits, and that 

 er desirable or not, the art of giving to 

 a destination different from v.hat nature in- 

 d, is yet to be discovered. 

 ; bean, of every species or variety, is cx- 

 as we believe, from tiie depredations of in- 

 but left for seed, or wiiuer use, it oftea suf- 

 roir. very dry (Tr very wet v.eather — tire oBfe, 

 isl:ing the bulk and hardening and shrivel- 

 tl'.c ski;] ; the other, rottinsr tiie bean, and 

 it does least mischief, altering its flavour-. — 

 he former, frequent watering nicy be a cure, 

 )r the lattor, there is perhaps no remedy, 

 the neighborhood of cities, ih'- dwarf varie- 

 re often cultivated in hot bed< — but the pro- 

 is always of a very inferior kind ; for of the 

 3 catalogue of table vegetables, none is more 

 o take a disacreeahle flavour from hot and 

 anting dung (which is the basis of there beds) 

 the bean. Of this process therefore, we only 

 .hat it differs in nothing from that already 

 ibcd for forcing asparagus. 



dew is on, once c«ch week, until they be^in to 

 head. " 



They must not be pulled up, until there is dan- 

 ger of their freezing too fast in the ground to be 

 ; got up. If there happens to bo an early snow, it 

 J will not injure them. When they are removed from 

 j the garden, they should bo set out again in a 

 trench dug in the bottom of a cellar. If the ccl- 

 ' lar is pretty cool, it will be the better. 



GARDE.V PEAS. 



ey should be planted about the xSSth of Apiil, 

 y peas for the market much sooner,) in drills 



airs si.x inches apart, so that one row of bush- 

 ay serve for the pair of drills. There sliould 

 be four feet space -from centre to centre be- 



:n the pairs of drills. Tlie drills should be 

 an inch deep, and the seed raked in longth- 

 of the drills. 



:iey should be hoed once, then busheil, and 



1 once after being bushed. From this time 



sly pull out the weeds. 



CABBAGES. 



ley should be transplanted into the beds 

 re they are to row about the SDth of May ; 

 having been sowed in a small bed for plants 

 t a month previous. The ground onght to be I 

 mellowed and manured, before they are! 

 iplanted. | 



ley should be hoed in the morning, v.hen the j 



ORCHARD GRASS. 

 This is a very valuable grass. It springs very 

 early. When cut off by the scythe, it neither waits 

 for fresh shoots from its roots, nor until its wounds 

 be healed, but continues growing on just as if 

 nothing hi;d happened. The leaves which have 

 , been cut will grow, on a rich soil, nearly, if not 

 inite, one inch in the course of twenty four hours, 

 forming new points gradually as they increase in 

 length. 



It is very observable, when it has been sown I 

 with red clover, and both cut off by the scythe at ! 

 the same time, that it greatly outstrips the clover 

 when cool weather commences in the fall, and 

 soon becomes much taller than it. The stalk of 

 orchard grass is- very solid, grows high, and the 

 loaves are abundant ; therefore the first crop of it 

 will greatly e.xceed that of timothy. As horses 

 ' and cattle eat the hay freely, and thrive well on 

 It, I am compelled to believe it must be a much 

 more profitable grass for this purpose. As it blos- 

 soms with rod clover, and should be cut at the 

 same time for hay, and will (except in hin-h lati- 

 tude-s) produce a good first, second and third crop 

 for n-'owing, if the soil be good, it must be greatly 

 preferable to timotliy, either for soling, grazinc-, 

 or hay, unless it should heri^aftor be found, that tt 

 is greatly inferior to that grass in nutritive prop- 

 erties. No information or observation, however, 

 has occurred, since my acquaintance with both 



these grasses, which would justify this opinion 



On the contrary, it would appear, that orchard 

 grass is as nutritive as any of the grasses gener 

 ally used by us, and that it may be more profitably 

 employed either for hay, pasture or grazing, than 

 any of them. 



Notwithstanding the great value of orchard 

 grass, it will be found much the best practice to 

 cultivate no mere of it for hay than can be cut 

 arid securpd in proper, time. Though it will stand 

 without apparent injury some time after it bo fit 

 Io cut, it is greatly injured if mowing be deferred 

 for a considerable time after it is in full bloom. 

 ; The seed of this grass is light and chaffy, shat- 

 , ters out greatly, unless the plants be cut in time, 

 ' and very crirofully handled. It would seem that 

 j the seed is often damaged. I have sown three 

 j bushels of it to the acre without obtainino- anv- 

 j thing like a snificiency of plants. As it is much 

 I smaller than oat grass seed, it would seem, that 

 I one bushel of it ought to be enough for an acre of 

 ground, if the seed was sowed without bein<r in- 

 jured. " 



The plant yields an abundance of seed : there- 

 fore, saving a plentiful supply of it will not cost 

 the farmer much labour if he be careful in the ' 

 gathering and saving of it. — Lorain's Husbandry. 



hours, fifteen reams of large si/.c news, thirtr 

 [reams of domi, or crown, and si.vty of foolscap o'r 

 post paper, of uniform thickness, free from air bub - 

 ble.s, water drops, or hemming; exactly square, 

 with smooth edges. Tlic same letter states, that 

 Messrs Didot, Legrand & Co. of Paris, have an 

 improved inaci,ine for casting types, by which they' 

 cast Irom 100 to KiO at a time. Two workmen of 

 ordinary address, will fill the mould three hundred 

 times a day, and can consequently, cast from thir 

 ty to fifty thousand letters, or forty thou.sand on 

 ail average. This is said to be equal to the work 

 ol from twelve to fifteen men, upon the old plan. 

 The letters are pronounced to be uniformly more 

 perfect, than those formerly produced. So greal 

 IS the saving by this process, that manufacturers 

 state their prices to be thirty per cent, below 

 those of other founders in Paris, although the lat 

 ter sell thirty per cent, below the London prices. 



EASY MODE OF CUTTING GLASS. 

 I Mr Buckner of Mayence describes, in the Ar- 

 I chives of the Society of Pharmacy of Northern 

 Germany, a method of cutting glass, which is as 

 follows : A thin card, one, two or three inche= 

 broad, IS glued to the glass in such a manner, s.^ 

 to cover the line in which the fracture is to fol- 

 low in Its whole e.xtent. When the card is dry a 

 line 13 traced upon it by means of an iron or steel 

 point, taking care to cut it down to the glass. In 

 th!s_ groove a thread is then placed of a line and n 

 hah or two lines diameter, and brought round the 

 ve.ssel. The latter is steadied, and two people 

 laying hold of the e-xtromities of the thread, move 

 It rapidly backward and forward upon the glass 

 In less than a minute, and when the thread begins 

 to f Boke, tl,p glass cracks. Tlie author attributes 

 this effect to the developement of electricity, 

 since, in this case, he says, we cannot admit an 

 alternation of cold and heat,as takes place in other 

 methods. The thickest pieces of glass may be cut 

 in this manner. 



PAPER AND TYPES. 

 A letter to the Editor of the Franklin Journal, 

 mentions that Cameron and Sons, of Edinburgh, 

 have an improved machine for manufacturing pa- 

 per. A single machine will produce in twelve 



POULTRY-YARD. 



Manci!;enent of Fowls. In order to have fine 

 fowls, It IS necessary to choose a good breed, and 

 have a proper care taken of them. The Cantor 

 breed is thought highly of: and it is certainly de- 

 sirable to have a fine large kind, but people differ 

 in their opinion which is best. The black is very 

 juicy ; but do not answer so well for boiling, as 

 their legs partake of their colour. Tiiey should 

 be fed as nearly as possible at the same hour and 

 place. Potatoes boiled, unskinned in a little wa- 

 ter, and then cut, and either vs'et with skimmed 

 milk or not, form one of the best foods. Turkeys 

 and fowls thrive amazingly on them. The milk 

 must not be sour. 



The host age for setting a hen, is from two to 

 five years ; and you should remark which hens 

 mike the best brooders, and keep those to laying 

 who are giddy and careless of their young. In 

 justice to the animal creation, however, it must b# 

 observed, there are bat few instances of bad par- 

 I ents for the time their nursing is necessary. 

 ! Hens sit twenty days. Convenient places should 

 b" provided for their laying, as these will be prop- 

 er for sitting likewise. If the hen-house is not 

 secured from vermin the eggs will be sucked, and 

 the fowls destroyed. 



Those hens are usually preferred which have, 

 tufts of feathers on their heads : those that croiv 

 are cot looked upon a« profitable. Some She.- 



