^ol.V No. 14. 



NEW ENGLAND I AUMER. 



84: 



e miinufactiirer nnd the farmer.* To operate over, tlicy make a fire of bru.sh-wooj, into which 

 pleasing impression upon our mind, wa innst|they throw all tlio deiid insects, which are taken 

 Illy attend to the hardness and pressure of j I'rojn the hottnms of the cocoons, opened witli a 

 imos upon the farmer and manufacturer, bull pair of scijsors for that purpose, and burn tliem 

 nore to the character and standing: of the geiv*- together, in order to prevent any bail consequences 



an wlio is going; to consecrate both a precious | from their stench and smell. This is done every 

 and a large capital in this great undertaking. | night regularly, before the work people retire for 



ong e.\pcrience and a fortune made in similar I the evening. As the maiuifucturora of the silk, 

 I Bd jrtakings, is a sutficient warrantee of the sue- and mercliants wlio want to sell it, buy up large 

 of this still moro cctcnsive and importunt than I quantities of the cocoons, some of these people 



one which liaj been in extensive operation on will have from ten to twenty of these little fur- 

 unc spot for several years : and it is after ' naces going at a time in the same garden, and 

 g travelled through the United Stales, from even sometimes more. 



Orleans to the St Lawrence, that he has fix-' As the whole of the silk cannot be entirely got 

 ijis clioice in the centre of our county. We ; off by the reel, whit roinains upon the dead insects 



t then see, with the greatest pleasure, a new is put aside, with the coarse part of the silk, which 



;f that the natural advantages of Jefferson ; is taken from the cocoons in the beginning, till you 

 |nty are equally felt by the manufacturer and meet with the fine thread which is proper for the 



farmer, ilay they, combining their skill and reel. 



rgy, and supporting one anotlser, ensure their | The dimensions of the stove and basin made 



l;css and happiness. 



ON THE CULTITRE OF SILK. 

 Continned from page 339. 

 s soon as one or more of the cocoons are cc- 

 isted, the woman who manages the cocoons in 

 cauldron or basin, supplies their places froni 

 e to time with others, taking care while these 

 winding oil' to prepare others for keeping up 

 ontinual supply ; and taking care also to ob- 

 ve, that, the silk winds off regularly from all 

 cocoons she puts in play together. 

 Vs slie is obliged to have her fingers almost 

 ry other instant amongst the boiling water, in 

 er to m:inage the cocoons properly, she has a 

 in of cold water at hand, into which she dips 

 ' fingers alternately with the other, to prevent 

 aiding them. But in spite of her best care, a 

 «man who works any time at this management 

 ds lier fingers at least so affected by the influ- 

 ce of the boiling water, that they arc for some 

 ne in such a state she has scarce any feeling 

 til them ; but this afterwards goes off gradually. 

 Here it roust be observed, that in forming the 

 ush before mentioned, great care must be taken 

 have the the points of it e.xceedingly small ; ho- 

 use if the points are 1; rge and coarse, the silk 

 ill not take up fine from the cocoons, but will 

 se off thick and clotty, whicli will prevent its 

 inding off properly upon the reel. 

 The winding off the silk is always performed in 

 le open air, generally in some garden to prevent 

 ny accident from tlie fire, and more particulacly 

 ■) prevent any bud effects from the bad smell of 

 he dead worms, which stink prodigiously. For 

 hcse reasons, this work is not suffered to be per- 

 brmed in any large town, but must always be 

 one without the walls. When the day's work is 



Mr Levi Bebee, of Cooperstown, N. Y. has 

 low a great number of workmen employed in lay- 

 ing the foundation of a Cotton Factory, the main 

 building of which is to be 250 feet by 50, 5 stories 

 high. It is situated on an island in Black river, in 

 the village of Walertown. This stream offers e.x- 

 cellent seats for the most extensive machinery, 

 and when we eonsiderthc thick population, fertile 

 surrounding country, the advantages of easy access 

 to the lake Ontario, which are soon to be consid- 

 erably increased by the completion of both the 

 Welland and Oswego canals, the number of skilful 

 mechanics, &c. it is presumed few places offer 

 .such encouragement to enterprising capitalists. 



use of at llontauban, and described above, arc as 

 I'oHows : 



Height of the stove from tiie ground, twenty- 

 two inches and one-fourth part of an incli. 



Length of tlie stove, twontv-nine inches and a 

 half. 



Brcadtli of the stove, twenty-four inches. 



Height of tlie iron bars for supporting the char- 

 coal from the ground, for holding the fire, twelve 

 inches and one-fourth part of an inch. 



Width of the door, or opening, at the bottom of 

 tiio stove, for taking out the aslies by, and for 

 giving air to the firo, nine inches and one-fourth 

 part of an inch. 



Width cf tlie door, of opening, at wliich you put 

 in the charcoal for supporting the fire, seven inch- 

 es and a halt". 



Length of the oval copper bariin, which is built 

 in on the top of the stove, for containing the hot 

 water, in which the cocoons are put when they 

 wind off the silk, twenty inches and tliree-quarters 

 of an inch. 



Width of that basin, si.\teen inches and a half. 



Depth of the basin, tliree inches and three quar- 

 ters of an inch. 



Breadth of the rim of tlie basin, one inch and 

 one quarter of an inch. 



Here I might have given the dimensions of the 

 Italian reel for winding off the silk, being the 

 same which is ased for that purpose in France ; 

 but tiiat becomes unnecessary, as I find that the 

 Society are already in the possession of a model 

 of it. I shall therefore proceed to mention sundry 

 particulars which relate to the winding off the 

 sdk. 



Spring-water, as being soft, is the only proper 

 water to be used in the basin. Draw-well water 

 is altogether improper for this purpose, because 

 it is hard, and does not properly dissolve the gum 

 which is naturally upon the silk. 



The water in the basin must be wholly changed 

 twice a day ; it is filled in the morning before set- 

 ting to work, and the second time immediately be- 



low the thread, it is a sign that the water is toe 

 cold. By attending to these observations, you can 

 easily manage so as to give that degree of heat to 

 the water that is proper for tlie cocoons. 



If there should happen to bn any sand amongst 

 Llie water in the basin, the heat makes it rise to 

 the surface, where it fives itself upon the cocooBs. 

 This is easily known, because, it makes the thread 

 break, as if cut with a knife. Fur this reason the 

 utmost care uiii.-t be taken to guard against it, bv 



cleaning the basin with the greatest attention 



The fear of having sand i.s one of the roa.son3 for 

 changing the water of the basin at mid-day, and 

 even oftcner, if found to be necessary. When 

 they find that there is u little sand, and tliat they 

 wish to avoid changing the water, on account of 

 the loss of time which that operation requires, as 

 the water must bo boiling before you can go on 

 with the winding ; I say, in this lust case, they 

 cover the face of the brush all over with a parcel 

 of the coarse silk, wiiich is laid aside, and you 

 then put the face nf the bru.^li into the water, 

 making it reach the bottom of the basin, along 

 which you draw the brusli gently, to catch hold 

 of the sand with the coarse silk, to which it will 

 immediately cling when it comes in contact with 

 it. You then drag the brush gently up the side of 

 tiie basin, and thus bring out the sand along with 

 it. This operation, several times repeated, cleans 

 your basin of the sand, without your being put to 

 the trouble and loss of time in changing the water. 



Take care to keep up your firo under the basiu 

 in such a manner, as to secure having the water 

 always of tlio same degree of heat, nad to throw 

 in your addition of cold water by little and little at 

 a time, so as it may make as little odds as possi- 

 ble in the degree of heat. When you throw in 

 too much cold water at a time, so as to alter the 

 requisite degree of heat, the silk of the cocoons 

 which are in the basin at that time, loses its col- 

 our, and grows perfectly pale ; which silk, so ren- 

 dered pale, it is said will not take any dye prop- 

 erly, wliich by that means diminishes the value of 

 your silk. 



In beating tlie cocoons in the basin with tlic 

 brush, you must carry your hand as light as pos- 

 sible, so as just to touch the cocoons slightly. If 

 yon beat too hard, the threads of silk, in place of 

 comming off singly, cling together in lumps, which 

 as it prevents its winding off, occasions the loss of 

 the silk, as it will then only answer is waste silk. 



When you take the fine threads to throw them 

 to that which is winding off, thoy must not overlap 

 your finger more than an inch ; if too long, they 

 will not join well, but hang down and occasion a 

 lump, which causes the thread to break, as it i.s 

 then too large to pass through the eye of the lit- 

 tle iron conductor. (To be continued.) 



THE VINE. 



An intelligent Frencli gentleman, lately travel 



ling in Alabama, between Tuscaloosa and Hunts- 



ville, declared that the soil was better fitted for 



fore tlie people go to dinner, as it requires some l"'^ •^"''•'^'**'°" "'"''^^ ^''"^ '^*" '""^^ "^''^"^ ^^'^''^'' 



time to make it boil. 



When you first put the cocoons into the hot 

 water, if the silk rises thick upon the brush, it is a 

 proof that the water is too hot. If you cannot 

 catch the threads of silk with the brush, it is a 

 sign that the water is too cold. 



When the cocoons are in play, if they rise of- 

 ten to the little iron conductors, it is a proof that 

 the water is too hot. If the cocoons will not fol- 



forms the vineyards of France. He remarked that 

 the abundance of the native grape, with the qual- 

 ity of the soil, and the nature of the climate, attest- 

 ed it beyond controversy. "It is well for France," 

 said he, " that you have no silks and vines." 



A new Census of Nova Scotia is erdered to be 

 taken, with the number of cattle, acres of valua 

 ble land, &c. 



