, V No. 4.1. 



NEW ENGLAND FARiVlEli. 



355 



COMPARATIVE VALUE OF PEAS, A« ES- 

 TIMATED IN ENGLAND. 



Tlie.varioii.s sorts of peas, be.^ides difiVriii^' in 

 the colour of the blossoms, heiglil of the stalks, 

 ond modta ofcrowth, arc found to have some ma- 

 li'iial dirterences in luirdiness to stand the winter. 



:illo» It "ith your convenience, aa " | elToctiiallv ; which done, you take off the reel, and 

 |o bo perfectly dry before it is taken fromi pm it in some airy place to dry ; but you must not 

 I'- I e.vj)nse it to the sun, vvhicli would ([iiite eat away 



mlhc cocoons which were first put into | ;.,,„i spoji i|,p ^0,0^^. This is done to clean the 

 Un are nearly finished, you must cause the | silU effectually, and to give it a tr'oss. 

 to be Slopped ; at which time, with a ladle, : !„ prf-parin;; the double cocoons fo ■ winding? off, 



Iholes like a drainer, you take out the cq- . tl,ey p„t morn of them into the basin at once than , time of coining in, and flavor of the fruit The 

 kvhich were in play, each parcel on the op- | of the finest kind. But before putlin<r Uiem into. Charltons are not only very early, but r^real be.ir- 

 Iside. They are put into plates kept at the I tl,e b.asin, they must be well cleaned from all the '<"•.', "nd excellent peas for the t.blp" and are 

 •the furnace for that purpose ; and are tak- j flo..s, or waste silk, which is on the outsido of thercfoi-e equallw/ell fitted for the early crop and 

 of the bason lor the followiti}; two reasons: Uiem, that they may play properly in the basin.— 1 forward succession crops, and inferior to few even 

 ihl they may net be mixed with the new | The w iter also must be boiling hot : and as the ' f^l' the main summer crops. The Frame pea mav 

 ^s, which arc put^n.totlie bason to be pre- silk they yield is of a coarser" quality than the , ii'leed be raised without the assistance of heat for 



'"'" "" other, and has a good deal of the floss silk or ^ " forward crop; and, if a genuine sort, will fruit 



bour upon it, the girl who turns the wheel takes ! ^ fi^w days sooner than the Charlton ; but it grows 

 opportunity, while the other woman is prep- rincr ' 1°^^"' and bears scantily. The Hotspur is hardy and 

 the cocoons in the basin for winding, to clean and prolific, and makes returns nearly as quick as the 

 pick off the loose silk from that which is already , Charlton, and about n fortnight before the marrow- 

 on the reel. [fat; The fine flavor of the marrovvfat is well 



In winding ofi'the fine silk, there are always .'^"°^^'"- Knig'it's poa, one of the newest varieties, 

 two hanks of silk put upon the reel at the same '^ ^'"y prolific:, ana retains its fine sweet flavour 



when full grown. The Egg pea, the Maratto, the 

 Prussian Blue, and the Rouncivals, the large Suo-ar 

 and the Crown, are all very fine eating pcias in 

 young growth. For late crops, in addition to the 

 early sorts already mentioned, the Green Imperial, 

 the Dwarf Sugar, Leadman's Dwarf, and Spanish 

 Dwarf are very suitable. The Leadmnn's Dwarf 

 is a sinair delicious pea, a great bearer, and in 

 high request at genteel tables : but as the fruit is 

 long in coi/iing in, it is not adviseable to sow it 

 after the tl^ird week in June. — Loudon. 



for winding, us already mentioned; second 



atise if these cofoons, which are already in 



ound ofl", were left in the boiling water till 



w ones are prspared, it would have the ef- 



prevent the silk from winding off from the 



s with that despatch and propriety which 



essary in that operation. 



ii« soon as you observe that the silk is wound 



m the cocoon, you must take out the bot-i,„ t> . • • ,■ .;-..,.„ 



r the cocoon containing the insect from the ': """'• ^"[ '" '''"^"^ f '^% ^'"^ from the double 



and throw it aside : because, if lefl in the | "'T'' ^^ '"k '^^'"'^^'^' '° °^^ ''^"k ""'X 

 ■. ii -1 .. . J .1 J at a time upon the reel. 



It will spoil the water, and consequently de- 1 , 



the colour of the silk. j ^"^ "^"'^ °''j<°" "''"='■ occurs, is the method 



must be at pa ns tn keep an equal number I ol^served by the French, in tho preparation of their 



00ns working at each end of this basin, in 1 ''''f'.''' °'' "'^^'e siik, which they call p;7o5f«e ; and 



to keep the thread of silk of an equal size.p^""''' ^^ey do in the following manner: All the 



1 you i.ave fewer on one side than the other, ; cocoons which have bofn pierced by the bulter- 



k becomes smaller st that side, of course, : "*^ '"^'°f^ '■°"<'cted together, they add to these 



also has the constant effect to break the I ^" "^"^ ''-'1' '^°'^'"'"-^ which they judge to be im- 



i. In order to keep the thread at both sides I P''°P'^'" ^°^ winding off, after the insects have been 



equal si e, you must throw in the cocoons, j "^''^ °"'' ^^' ''^'"'"'^ mentioned ; and to these they 



one, and never more than two at a time.— ^^^° '^^^ ^)' ^^'^ bottoms of the basin, after winding 



throw in many ton-ether, for e.xample, four "''' '''^''' ^'"'■ 



nt once, it throws the weight to that side,! Such of the floss silk as you wish should retain 

 the thread imn.edi-itely breaks, because by the yellow colour, you put into a large copper 

 merns the equilibrium is lost. [kettle, and cause a person to tramp it with her 



iputting the silk thread round the two little I bare feet, in the same manner as the women in 

 Ks of -wire, for conducting it to the reel, fixed | some parts of Scotland tramp their linens when 

 le little wooden wheel, you must turn the j they are washing them. From time to time they 

 id round to the ri?ht hand for the bit of wire jturn the cocoons upside down with their hands, 

 'd on the righ: ; and turn it round ro the left | and so go on tramping them again tvith their feet. 

 , for the piece of wire placed on the left. — This operation is continued for nearly two hours 

 mentioning the right and left, I mean the right together, turning them, and giving ihem a little 

 left hand of the wom.an as she sits managing j more fresh w;iter from time to time, till it is found 

 cocoons in the basin. - | that the silk of the cocoons separates properly 



le quicker the motion of the wheel is, tho bet- j upon tedding it out with your fingers ; and as, in 

 he silk winds off. and the better the end joins 1 tramping with the feet, the edges of the heap of 

 c tliread, which is, indeed, one of the great j cocoons will very ot'ten escape the stroke of the 

 Oils that makes it wind off well. One might 1 foot, you turn the edges into the middle, from time 

 pt t3 imagine that the rapidity of the motion j to time, to receive the benefit of the tranipinn- 

 ht overstrain acd break the thread, but from equally with the rest. 



taut e.Nperience it has been found that the] When you find it properly separated you earry 

 ad never once breaks from the rapidity of the jt to the river ; put the cocoons into a clean cloth 

 ;^ut, on the contrary, that the quicker the tied up, to prevent the silk from mixinrr together 

 ion is, the more advantageous it is for winding . You then pour fresh water upon'them ivom time to 



time, till you find that the wafer runs off from the 



silk. 



■Vhen you have put the quantiy of .silk upon the jgilk perfectly clear, without being tinned with any 

 ' which y<Tu think proprr, you tlien pick and , sort of colour. When you find thisto'be the cose 

 n (.IT all the loose silk with your fingers ; after, you spread out the silk to dry by the sun • and 

 ich you take a little handful of the coarse silk,j„,hen it is thoroughly dry, the operation is com 



p'eted. (To be continued.) 



after washing ifto make it thoroughly clean, 

 squeezing it, you must dip it in some cold clean 

 ilh which, in the flat of your hand, you 

 I over the silk upon the reel, a great many dif- 

 ent times, all round the reel; stroking up also 

 ; silk with the flat or p.-.!m of your hand. After 

 ich yon tlieii pour some clear cold water also 

 on the silk ; and von then turn round the reel 



In New York last week a female, being told by 

 the clerk of the court to hold up her right han'f 

 to plead to an indictment, insisted that that was 

 wrong, for " she was left handed !"' At the same 

 court, an Englishman, who was indicted for an as 

 sault, plead his own cause, and not having learn 

 th all the velocity in your power, for about eirht ei our republican ways, he besran in the Eno-lish 

 ten mi:!Utej, in order to shake of all the water if;shion : — " .My lords and gentlemen of tho jury !'" 



ORNAMENTAL TREES. 



[Thojgl) the following was intended to have a 

 particular Uplication, the suggestions it contain? 

 may be usflfnl in many cases.] American Farmer. 



The ornamental trees, commencing on the 

 southeast 'corner of the President's Square, and 

 extending by the north side to the south-west are 

 now in a thriving state. The object of this com- 

 munication is to call the attention of those who 

 have the care of their preservation, to the open 

 frames placed round them for protection : for, not- 

 withstanding the pains taken with leather and 

 cords, to preveit the wearing ofl^llie bark, if left 

 as they are the trees will he destroyed. A tree 

 must have room to grow, and the least play, when 

 the winds agitate the top, will wear through the 

 tender bark, weaken the stem, and, from the firm- 

 ness of a frame inserted in tlie ground that sur- 

 rounds it, it is soon broken off at the weakened 

 place. This has been repeatedly observed in this 

 city. And a tree surrounded by a high, firm 

 frame, even if the stem could be preserved from 

 we.ar, would be broken at the lop of the frame by 

 a stropof wind : for until ihe trunk has acquired a 

 good si7e, the whole length is bent by powerful 

 winds. The unyielding frame brings this strain 

 high up, where the body is small, and it must 

 break. Two remedies occur : one is to cut off 

 the stakes of the frames even with the surface of 

 the ground; remove the leather and cords; the 

 frame will then tilt when the tree is bent : the 

 other, to shorten the frames, leaving them only 

 hia-h enough to prevent the cattle from striding 

 them for the foliage ; which will equally protect 

 them from the hubs of carriage wheels ; and in 

 three ye.nrs the frames may be dispensed with en 

 tirely. ' ' E. 



Judge Martin of New Orleans, has now in the 

 nress. a hi^^torv of Louisiana. His talents arc 

 highly spoken of. 



