IS!:. I Vol. v.— No. 50. 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



SL.WE LABOUR. 



htM " I was coming up from Wasliington City the 



%ln her day, and stopped at the half way house ; 



situ ^^'^ presently there came through a lot of thirteen 



iUi' irses, on ench horse a negro, and each horse's 



; in oulders a bag of oats. They came along at a 



Ceia ry s'""' walk, and stopped at the tavern well — 



eat,, asked tlieni how far they had come, and was 



iswered 'half a mile,' and that each horse was to 



1(1, f watered ; and that then they would proceed to 



iH, field, at some distance, to sow these oats. I re- 



oii., lined half an hour, and when I left, tliey had not 



iton lisbed watering the horses. I said to myselt' 



ilijj ire are thirteen horses worth each SCO — and 13 



lejg igroes each on an average $300 — say a capital] 



$4680 of ready cash, employed in seedinj a I 



Id of oats ! — Querc — What will these oats ^ost 



if, c cultivator of them on such a system ? I ptes- 



itly passed a small new house, and about' .30 



res, well fenced and divided into four fields ; 



id in one field were a wliite man and two jads 



anting potatoes ; the father dropped mature 



3m a cart drawn by a yoke of oxen, (good beef;) 



le boy dropped the seed from a basket, and the 



)h her covered the hill before the manure bec|ime 



in dried and impoverished. Thinks I to ny- 



If, this man will be able to undersell his weath- 



"^ neighbour in potatoes and oats too, if he mike 



;y, or else his neiglibour will lose money. 



I trust, Sir, that instances of oat-sowing, sich 



I have named above are rare in our state. lam 



ad to be able to say they are rare, and bee m- 



-fmore rare every day. You will agree vith 



I, I know, that such management can bring ip- 



its conductors nothing but speedy ruin. \ 



ilf the man who possesses 20negroes,sells loW 



too each, and also 1000 acres of land, at $i^ 



I~ r acre, ho will soon be able to invest .$20,000 jc 

 od stocks, which will yield .$1200 a year to- 

 ird his maintenance; and the residue of his 

 ids will increase in value by the neighbourhood 

 coming settled and cultivated. He will have I 

 ne to cultivate properly his 500 remaining acres, I 

 ore or less, and be rid of his troublesome ne- 

 «es." [.^m. Farmer.] 



le following account of the Tunnel under the ' 

 Thames, is from the letter of a friend now in 

 Europe : 



"The Tunnel is open for the admission of visit 

 3, the distance of three hundred feet, in one of 

 3 arched entrances, on paying a shilling — thro' 

 3 other arch way, the work is carried on with- 

 t interruption to the labourers. At its entrance 

 Steam Engine is employed in letting down all 

 3 materials required in the work, and also in 

 irking a number of cars on a railway, by which 

 clay, gravel, &c. is brought up. 520 feet of 

 _ Tunnel are completed, (more than one third, 

 d something less than half the whole distance.) 

 le centre of each arch is 15^ feet above the car- 

 ,ge way, and the width of each archway is 1.3A 

 3t, 3 of which is intended for a footway. The 

 pth of water over head is 36 feet, at the high- 

 t tide. The Tunnel has an inclination from the 

 tremes to the centre of 4J feet in the distance 

 100 feet. At present, [14th April last,] they 

 3 working within 12 feet of the bottom of the 

 er, which is the nearest approach to the water 

 any point in the work. Of course there are 

 t 12 feet of earth between the river and the la- 

 urers under it. The arches are built of brick, 

 ee of which placed longitudinally, constitute 



397 



j the thickness of the arch. The interior is lined I be had of almost if not alfo<TPtl,«r ii ', ' v 



or covered with Roman cement, and lighted with n„, ^n^„ ,..„ w! ^r,'"""?^"'" =! d'^ggiats,) 



or covered with Roman cement, and lighted with 

 great brilliancy, as it is, with gas, the appearance 

 is as beautiful as it is novel. Tiie number of per- 

 sons engaged at work is 280, wlio divide the day 

 and night equally between them. The receipts 

 amount daily to ten pounds sterling from visitors. 

 When finished it will, it is supposed, cost about 

 300,000 pounds sterling— less than one half the 

 amount expended on several of the bridges on the 

 same stream." — Lancaster Journal. 



FOR RAT CATCHING. 



For premises infested with rats, prepare from 

 six to ten wooden traps such as are commonly us 

 ed for taking muskrats and rabbits in the country 



put into the beans while cooking, will divest them 

 ot the obno.xious qualities above specified ; and 

 some people who cannot eat beans cooked in the 

 common methods tind them perfectly palatcable 

 digestible and wholesome when duly macerated 

 and properly baked, boiled, or seethed with the 

 alkaline li.tivium aforesaid. 



RI.N'G WORM. 



An esteemed friend says, common lamp or blub- 

 ber oil applied to the part affected will cure the- 

 -ing-worra. Try it and see. 



GATHERING AND PRESERVING VEGETABLE PRO- 

 DUCTIONS. 



Strawberries should be pinched off between the 



place them where the rats run most frequently !L Strawberries should be pinched off between the 



Get a phial of oil of caraway, one of oil of aiini- j "" ''"'^ "'""'^ ' P^"^ should be gathered with 

 seed, and a very small quantity of the oil of rho- i °T ^'^^^ applied to retain the stem firm, and the 

 dium— the latter is costly, and but little of it need- 1 "i • '° ^^" "sunder the foot stalk. In all cases 

 ed. Perfume the sides and top of the boxes with I "^'"° ^ ''"''"^ ^^ careful to leave a sound see- 

 the caraway and anniseed, and with the end of | ''°'! °" ^''^ living plant. In taking up potatoes 

 |your finger touched to the rhodium make a few T^ '®'' '°°'^ ""^ ^"®"''^^ "°' '° '°Jure the skin 



dots on the bottom.— Take stale bread and grate i °^ epidermis, as on the preservation of this de- 

 it, mix it up with some drops of the caraway, even- 1 P®" "'^"' "^"^'^"''O" o* juices, beauty and keep- 

 ly, and place a single handful of it on the mid- ' '°^' .^PP'^^' PearS, &c. should be gathered in 

 die of the lower box board, under the place where ' ""^ ""^"^'e Part of a dry day ; not in the morning 

 the pan or trap platform is to be set— keep the ' ^^^°^^.^^'^ ^^'^ '^ evaporated, nor in the evening 

 boxes thus baited, fastened open for two nii^hts— ! ^^'^®" " ''"^'"^ '° '"' deposited. Plums readily 

 the two succeeding nights set the traps so they i P^''^ ''''°" ^^^ '^^'=^ ^^'*^" "?'' = ''■^y should not 

 will not spring, and put the like bates on the pans i ^^ "'"'^'' handled, as the bloom is apt to be rubbed 

 On the fifth night set the traps thus baited pre- i °^' ^P"^'"^^ "'^ly ^^ accounted ready when the 

 pared for springing. Sit with a dark lanthern in \ ^"'® "^""^ ^^'^ ^"" '"'^^'^ '^ ''"'^ ^°^^ "P°n gentle 

 the room or place where your traps are and as i P"'^^^""'^ '"''' ^^^ f^^g^r. They adhere firmly to 

 soon as you hear a lid fall, take up the trap, cover i ^^^ '^'^^' ^""^ '"°^^^ °^'®'" "P®" "P°" '' '">'' become 

 its mouth with a bag, and empty the rat or rats in- r"^^'^' ^^^'^'^^^ ^'^^ nectarines, if moved up- 



I wards and allowed to descend with a single jerk 

 I will separate if ready ; and they may be received 

 into a tin funnel lined with velvet, so as to avoid 

 that has been caught to escape jif you7o"y"ou''will ;-'°"'^'''"= ^'"^ ^'^^ fingers or bruising. The time 

 get no more that night. By this process 300 rats I ?f, ^"'''^""° '"'■"'' '^ '« observe when it begins to 

 were caught in this city in one house, and in one \ i "^'"™'y- Another mode of ascertaining 

 night by two persons, during the revolutionary i ^ " '® "P*' '^ '° ''^'^° ^^^ '"""' 's^«' "'^'^ the 

 war. As these vermin are unusually numerous ^°°'f.'=' '' ' .'*" "P'' ." "'''1 Par' readily from the tree, 

 and troublesome in the city, this receipt, which ^ criterion is to cut up an apple of the av- 



is the old secret of the London and Liverpool rat I "^^"^ ripeness of the crop, and e.Tainine if its 

 catchers, is published for the benefit of those who ^^^^^^ ^'^^'^ become brown or blackish ; if they re- 

 prefer a little trouble, to a great annoyance ' ""^'^ ""'="'°"r'''1 ^he fruit is not ready for gather- 



its mouth with a bag, and empty the rat or rats in- 

 to it — kill them by dashing the bag against a post 

 or the floor : reset the trap and continue until the 

 •■ custom" ceases — Be careful not to suffer a rat 



prefer a little trouble, to a great annoyance. 

 [N. Y. Times. 



ing. ^ Unripe fruit never keeps so well as that 

 ^ ___^_ which nearly approaches to maturity, being more 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER 1^''^'° '''"'^'""'"°''*'''^^'°''- 



■^-»-^*»- Potatoes, turnips and all similar roots which it 



BOSTON, FRIDAY, JULY (i, 1827. M^ desired to preserve beyond the season of plant- 



^ii^:=ii^:^=^ — ^ (ing need only be sunk in pits so deep that vege- 



TEA KETTLES. j tation will not take place. " A pit," (says the 



The noses of tea-kettles sometimes are so beset '^^'■'"sr's Magazine) "filled with these roots to 



ji..i^ i..ya,^o ui ita-n.ci,iieH Bumeumes are so Deset "'"ici c iriaj^u/iuc; •• nueu witn inese roots to 

 with a sediment, consisting of lime or plaster of ^^ithin five feet of the surface, and the remainder 

 paris, derived from hard waters, as to become al- compactly closed with earth, and kept quite dry, 

 most, if not altogether impervious. This sub- ; '■^''" l^eep one or more years in a sound state and 

 stance, it is said, maybe removed by the follow- i ^''''''°"' vegetating. For convenience of usinc, 

 injmethod: Take one quarter of a pound of | '''^re should be a number of small fits, or rather 

 iipanish whiting, put it into the tea-kettle, when °f 'arge pots of roots, so buried at a little distance 

 full of water, and boil it for an hour, or until the ''''°'" ^^'^^ other, as that no more may be taken up 



impediinent is removed. int a timo than can be consumed in a few days 



BAKED BEANS AND SAL ERATUs. The mouM Or compost ground will, in general, be 



<a^,„o „.,«„!„ 1, c 2 c , a ... 'ound a convenient scene for this operation ; and 



Some people, who are fond of the flavor of the for a small family, pots contrived with cove;s, or 



Yankees' favorite pork and beans complain that 

 this dish, though equal to ambrosia in other res- 

 pects is apt to become acid on the stomach, caus- 

 ing the heart burn, besides being flatulent, &c 



Now, we are assured by a lover of substantial 

 aliment, that a little (quantity not ascertained) 



„(• . ■ , .r",. ■■', V "■'->-•— "'^"/ poweriui tnan in our climate. But vessels sunk in 



Qf a certain cheap alkali, called sal eratus, (to 'the soil in the bottom of cellars, or other pl.ees, 



with their saucers, used as covers, may be deeply 

 immersed in ^ large shaded ridge of earth to be 

 taken up, one at a time, as wanted." These 

 methof's of preserving roots were prescribed for 

 Great Britain, where the frosts of winter are less 

 powerful than in our climate. But vessels sunk in 



