412 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



July 20, 182/. 



From the Hampshire Cuzellc. 



THE HORSE. 

 The horse family is the most iiiipcrtant among 

 the brute creation as a servant to inaii. It includps 

 several species, as the common horse, the wild 

 mule, the ass, the zebra, the cloven fooled horse 

 of Chili, &c. The common horse is found in a 

 wild state in Tartary, Siberia, and the, interior of 

 Africa, lie is of the greatest antiquity, and has 

 long been domesticated in most parts of the earth 

 for war, hunting, parade, the saddle, dt draught ; 

 and in some places, partly for his tleih and the 

 milk of the female. 



Of the varieties of the domestic horse, the Ara- 

 bian is reckoned the best. The Arabians arc 

 very expert in horsemanship, and their care in 

 preserving the breeds of their horses is most re- 

 markable. They are as careful in preserving the 

 genealogy of their horses, as princes in recording- 

 that of their families, and they pretend to trace 

 ihe pedigree of one kind for 2000 years. Their 

 Iiorses will bear the greatest fatigues, and pass 

 ivholo days without food, living, according to tlio 

 Arabian metaphor, on air ; they are very nimble, 

 extremely docile, and strongly attached to their 

 master. They arc sometimes sold to the English 

 at Mocha at excessive rales — from 4500 to 0000 

 dollars. The Persian Jiorses are next in value to 

 the Arabian ; and after them the horses of Anda- 

 lusia in Spain, The Barbary horses are descend- 

 ed from the Arabian, and arc much esteemed ; — 

 one very fleet variety is used for hunting the os- 

 trich, and is fed on camel's milk. The horses of 

 India are small and vicious. Those of Tatlary are 

 spirited and active, and the Tartars are skilful ri- 

 ders ; they eat the flesh of their horses, jind use 

 their milk in curd or fermented. 



Of the European varieties of the horse, those of 

 Naples shine under the saddle and in traces ; 

 those of Spain are much commended ; France a- 

 bounds in horses, but does not excel ■ in native 

 breeds ; the Flemish horses have large heavy 

 heads, necks, and feet ; Holland furnishes good 

 draught horses ; Germany is not destitute of good 

 liorses, but they are inferio- to those of Hungary 

 and Transylvania ; the Polish horses are hardy, 

 strong and useful ; the Russian horses are small 

 and hardy, and not much regarded by other na- 

 tions ; the Kalmuck horses are able to run 3 or 

 '100 English miles in three days, and are excellent 

 swimmers ; the horses of Sweden are low and 

 small, but strong and hardy. 



The British varieties of the saddle horse may 

 be reduced to the racer, the hunter, the improved 

 hack, the old English road horse, the galloway, 

 and the pony. 



The race horse, is descended from Arabian and 

 Barbary horses, which were first imported into 

 England in the days of Henry VII and VIII ; and 

 the present breed is unrivalled for symmetry of 

 form, swiftness of progression, and durability un- 

 der exertion. 



The hunter is derived from a mixture "of the 

 Arabian with the native horse, and has the speed- 



of the former, with the durability of the latter 



There is a great demand for this breed in every 

 European country. 



The improved hackney is derived, like the for- 

 mer, from the Arabian and native horse, but ex- 

 hibits a greater proportion of the latter, its form 

 and qualities being somewhat differeat from those 

 of the hunter. 



The old English road horse sprang from horses j atfive years old. Sir Archy is in North Carolins 

 of Norman, Gorman or Flemish extraction ; it is 1 thjs season, at 75 dollars, although he is 23 yeart 

 now nearly extinct. It was used as a pack-horse, I old tliis spring. Mark Anthony, one of his coltt 

 to carry heavy loads. j raijsed by Hon. John Randolph, was sold last 



The galloway is a little horse found in Scotland j spi^ng to an Agricultural Society for 1500 dollars, 

 and resembles the Spanish horses. j The famous Eclipse was sold a few years since 



The small horses called ponies are reared in the ! for 10,000 dollars, not for racing merely, but as a 

 \^'estcrn Isles of Scotland, and in the Highland stock horse. Those arc full blood English horses, 

 district. They were introduced into Scotland by j wliich some suppose are only fit for lacino-. It is f" 

 the Norwegians and Danes, and are of the same j "ok so ; there is no horse so fit for all purposes of 

 breed that subsists at present in Norway, Feroe; quick draft as this breed. They are fit for " sad- 

 isles, and Iceland. They are totally distinct from I die, coach or cart," as an eminent statesman and 

 any thing of the horse kind on the continent of j breeder of this noble animal said of one of his 

 Europe, south of the Baltic. The Highland horse , colt^;. A Lovi:!i. of Good Horses. 



is sometimes only nine, and seldom exceeds twelve 



hands high. The best of this breed are hand- , WOOL. 



somcly shaped, and are extremely active and har- . ^^° loam that the greater part of the fine wool 

 dv. I'" Goshen, Ashfield, and other towns in that vi- 



"The British varieties of cavalry, carriage and; '^'"''J'' ''^s been sold to Messrs. Kendal & Russell, 

 cart horse arc supposed to have been derived from "f Greenfield, at from 38 to 40 cents per pound — .; 

 the German and Flemish breeds, with a mixture ;" '^ reported that large quantities of good merino 

 of Arabian or Spanish blood. j *'°°' '"''f'" 'he state of New York have been sold 



The British draught horses arc of various kinds, | "' ""-' factories in Connecticut, at from 2S to 35 

 but so mi.Kcd that it is diflicult to determine of j'^''"'-^- '' '^ believed that the fine wool (exclusive, 

 what variety they partake the most. The black ' ''"^'■'■''O"-^) -"^^'d m New England the present seas-** 

 horse is of immense weight, and is used for heavy ' °" ^'^^ "«' averaged over 35 cents a pound ; andf 

 carts and wagons. The Cleaveland bays, which \ '■'^^^ '"o^' °^ l-'ie wool growers have not received^ 

 owe some of their valuable properties to crosses ; ""''''" '■''^" ""° ''""ar a head for the trouble and ■ 

 with the race horse, are some of the best horses i "^P^"^'^ of keeping their sheep 13 months. 



iriuft' 



in the island ; they are used for coaches, wagons 

 and the plough. The Suflolk punch is a very use- 

 ful animal for agricultural labour, and performs 

 surprising days' work in ploughing, &c. The 

 Clydesdale horse is equal to any other breed for 



The dostiuction among sheep tlie last wiuteiL 

 and spring by worms in the head, scab, foot-rot! 

 &c, was unprecedented; great numbers ofthe^ 

 lambs also perished — in some flocks more than 

 half The malady among the lambs is supposed 



the purposes of the farmer ; they are remarkably j ^y ^"'"^ to nave been caused by the ewes feeding 

 true pullers. The Welsh horse bears near re- 1 "" ''^^'^''■""'S' ^^^ich were very abundant the last: 

 semblance to the ponies of Scotland. I season. An intelligent wool-grower, in the wes- 



Tlie foresoing particulars are derived from Mr '^'^'"'^ P^'*^ °''""'' county, is of opinion that the 

 Loudon's Encyclopedia of Agriculture. He has i ""'"'^er of sheep in Old Hampshire and Berkshire 

 70 pages on tlic horse. j '^ 'ess now than it was 12 months ago. 



In England, the wool growers are petitioning 



HORSES. ; partiament for protection to the wool trade. Sir E. 



Mr JuDD — Allow me through the medium of > KnatchbuU stated in the house of commons, on the 

 your paper to call the attention of farmers in the ' l^'l' of iMay, that there was no market for British 

 Old County of Hampshire to breeding fine horses. ' ^voe'i ii'iil that the whole stock of the last two-! 

 At all times good horses command a higlier price years was on hand. He wished to know if the ' 

 in proportion to the expense of raising, than other ministers intended to bring forward any measures ' 

 stock; and wc need not fear overstocking the for the benefit of the wool-growers. Mr. Iluskis- 

 market, when we consider the increasing demand son replied, that he did not believe that any tax 

 for thein for stages and other purposes. Manu- "pon foreign wool would be proposed, 

 factories give employment to them, directly or in- 1 [Hamp. Gazette.] 



directly ; indeed, there is scarce uny business that j — ; — '^ 



can bo pursued without the aid of these useful ' SPURIOUS CLOTHS, 



animals. It is difficult at the present time to ob- i From one of the most respectable dealers in 

 tain as many horses as are really wanted, that are '^'°'''^' "■''" '="" "'='' i^oghsh Cloths of the spunous, 

 suitable for our wants, without getting them from "'' '"«''"'""' ''y<=' ''^"^^ '°"'"' ""^"' way into this 

 Vermont or the state of New York. This ought '"="'''''^- There is no doubt, we learn, that they 

 not so to be. We can raise as good horses ^s ' <^^'"'= ''■°"' ''>'' ^''"'° s°"'"" through which they 

 they do, if we pay the same attention to the busi- I ^'''"^ ''^°" heretofore introduced into New York 

 ness. No person at the present day would think ! ^"'' ^°^^°"- ^he spurious or logwood dyed cloths, 

 of having fine wool unless he had a first rate fine ""^^^^ '"^'"^ '"»''° "P ^"'^ '^■'■P"^'''' '" ""= ^''' ^•'' " 

 wooledbuck; and why should ho expect a good h''°''"""°' ^'''=°'"° °' '^ claret, or dirty red color, 

 colt from a horse like Sanco Panza's ? or from I ^"'^ exhibit a shabby. appearance. Our informant, 

 the common hackneys that are led about fi-om I '" °''<'«"' ^° ^''°"' "^^ '"'^"^"'^^ '"='w<^S" '''«' g^nu- 

 town to town? the animal himself under ordinary ! '"^ and spurious dyes, applied, m our presence, 

 management not worth in any matket over loo i 'he test ot aqua-fortis to several pieces of cloth, 

 dollars, and ho matched with a mare not worth "^ ''^<='^ '""'^- The effect in every instance was, 

 30 dollars ' ^^^^ ^^^ indigo remained unchanged, while the 



Our souihern friends understand this „,atter }°g^^°°'^ ''^f ^^''^ ''^^'^°>'«^1"'' 'j'^'x^V" ^"'"' 

 bettor; they breed from horses that command I '^t hue. These spurious cloths, from the cheap- 

 from 20 to 75 dollars the service, and are richly I "^ss of the dye, are sold at a low price, but to the 

 paid for it, as it is no uncommon thing for them pn^^'nef '^ey will always prove a dear bargin 

 to obtain from 200 to 800 dollars for their horse.-; I f^- ^- A™crican.l 



