Vol. I— TVo. 1. 



AND GARDENER'S .JOURNAL. 



or for evil, and an addition; i impulse is ualu- 

 rally giuen to our desire to attain a knowl- 

 edge of their properties. Such studies form 

 oDeof the most interesting occupations which 

 can engage a rational anJ inquisitive mind ; 

 and, perhaps none of the employments of hu- 

 man life are more dignified than the iovesli 

 "ation and survey of the workings and the 

 way of Nature in Ibe minutest of her produc- 

 tions " 



GEOLOGY. 



' Governor Crafts, in his late message to the 

 Legislature of Vermont, recommended the 

 subject of Geology and Mineralogy to public 

 attention as a souice of uidustry and wealth. 

 Sonv'of the papers in that state have warmly 

 approved of tins suggestion of their Governor 

 and proposed that a Lyceum in er.ch town 

 collect its own specimens, and furnish a de- 

 posit for each county Lyceum, by which 

 means all the specimens could be named and 

 described at the semi annual meetings. 



A late covention of ( lie friends of educa- 

 tion and general improvement in Utica, rec- 

 ommended that the second number of the 

 Scientific Tracts, which treats upon Geology, 

 be read in each town in the state, at meetings 

 for appointing delegates to attend an adjouru- 

 ed meeting of the Convention in January, — 

 The exhibition and explanation of a few Geo- 

 logical specimens at the various county con- 

 ventions of teachers have induced and ena- 

 bled very manv of those who witnessed them, 

 to introduce the subject into their schools, by 

 which means several thousand children are 

 now familiar with the common rocks and min- 

 erals which come under their observation. 



The experiments already made upon this 

 subject, are proof that if Lyceums gpuerally 

 should make Geology a speciGc object of at- 

 tention for a few months, the whole country 

 would be thoroughly explored, our resources 

 of industry and wealth opened to individuals 

 and the bublic. — Boston Traveller. 



Gigantic Flower. — The most im- 

 portant discovery throughout our journey 

 was made at Sumatra ; i: was a gigantic 

 flower, of which I can hardly attempt to 

 give you any thing like a just description. 

 It measured across from the petals rather 

 more than a yard, the neetarum was nine 

 inches wide, and as deep, and estimated 

 to contain a gallon and a half of water ; 

 and the weight of the whole flower wa 

 fifteen pounds! — The Sumatran name of 

 this extraordinary production is Petimtin 

 Sikin'oili, or Devil's Siri (beetle) box — 

 It is a native of the forest. This gigan- 

 tic flower is parasite.on the lower stems 

 and roots of the Cisus Augusttfolia of 

 Box, and of a deep dusky red. The 

 flower when fully expanded is in point ol 

 size, the wonder of ihe vegetable king- 

 dom ; the breadth across from the top of 

 the one petal to the other is three feet. 

 The cup may be estimated capable of 

 containing twelve pints ; its inside is of 

 an intense purple, and more or less dense' 

 ly yellow, with soft flexible spines of the 

 same color. The Iruit. never bursts, hut 

 the whole plant gradually rots away, and 

 the seeds mix with th<- putrid mass. — 

 [Memoirs of Sir J. Roffles. 



District Attorney. — General Vincent Math- 

 ews was appointed District A-ttorney of this 

 county. 



CENSUS OF NEW YORK. 



The followr g relurns we give as furnished 

 for the Commercial Advertiser, and with a 

 few exceptions are official. Those marker' 

 with asterisks are not official, but the esti- 

 mate is so nearly correct as not to vary more 

 lhaa a hundred from the actual amount In 

 ten years our population has increased 41 

 per cent, being now nearly two millions, and 

 entitling us at the present ratio to 48 Repre- 

 sentatives. 



A new ratio of representation is cootem 

 plated, and probably will be adjusted this win- 

 ter by the present ■ ongress. The one pre 

 posed is 50,000 which would entitle us to 38 

 representatives, leaving a large fraction. — 

 If fixed at 48,000 we should be entitled to 40 

 representatives, and the county of Monioe to 

 one, leaving a fraction of 1,810. and at 50- 

 000 it would fall short of the ratio only 190 ; 

 and being one of the largest fractions would 

 probably be considered a District entitled to 

 a representative. 



1825 



43821 



18,164 



13893 

 8643 



42743 



2n039 



34215 



14486 



37970 



2H271 



29565 



46G93 



24316 



16993 

 7978 



40905 



26229 

 1196 



33040 



41659 



14679 



11669 



23S6D 



35646 



391U8 



39706 

 166086 



14069 



57847 



48435 



37422 



41732 



14460 



17S75 



47698 



11860 



20331 



44065 

 0932 

 8016 



302115 



12876 



2592G 



20169 



250U4 



27595 



23695 



10373 



19951 



32908 



32015 



10906 



39280 



2G761 



33131 



17455 



Total 1,016,458 1,934,496 



Population of JVew York at various periods 



1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 



340,120 586,060 959,049 1,372,S12 1.934,496 



Gaining in 10 years 561,684, or over 40 pr. ct 



*A small part of this population included by 



estimate. 



Counties. 

 Albany 

 Allegany 

 Broome 

 Cattaraugus 

 Cayuga 

 Chautauque 

 Chenango 

 Clinton 

 Columbia 

 Cortland 

 Delaware 

 Dutcness 

 Erie 

 Essex 

 Franklin 

 Genesee 

 Greene 

 Hamilton 

 Herkimer 

 Jefferson 

 Rings 

 Lewis 

 Livingston 

 Madison 

 Monroe 

 Montgomery 

 New York 

 Niagara 

 Oneida 

 Onondaga 

 Ontario 

 Orange 

 Orleans 

 Oswego 

 Otsego 

 Putnam 

 Queens 

 Rensselaer 

 Richmond 

 Rockland 

 Saratoga 

 Schenectady 

 Schoharie 

 Seneca 

 Steuben 

 St. Lawrence 

 Suffolk 

 Sullivan 

 Tioga 

 Tompkins 

 Ulster 

 Warren 

 Washington 

 Wayne 

 Westchester 

 Yates 



1830. 

 53532 

 26276 

 17593 

 16724 

 47947 

 34668 

 37417 

 19344 

 39952 

 23988 

 33025 

 50926 

 35712 

 192S 7 

 11312 

 52154 

 29525 

 1325 

 35869 

 48495 

 2U539 

 15239 

 27729 

 39u37 

 49810 

 46447 

 '213-170 

 18482 

 ♦69847 

 5S974 

 40372 

 4.3372 



iss;!? 



27110 

 51372 



12701 

 22276 

 49453 



7084 

 9388 



-4f.i2a 



12334 

 279.51 

 21031 

 33977 

 36351 

 26780 

 12372 

 27768 

 36541 

 36551 

 11795 

 '43280 

 33553 

 30456 

 19019 



Gain. 



111711 

 8612 

 3700 

 8081 

 5204 



14029 

 3202 

 4858 

 1982 

 3717 

 3460 

 4228 



11396 

 3294 

 3334 



11249 

 3296 

 129 

 2829 

 6845 

 580H 

 3570 

 3809 

 3391 



■10702 



6741 



*47384 



4413 



*12000 



10539 

 2950 

 3040 

 4383 

 9230 

 3474 

 835 

 1945 

 53S8 

 1252 

 1372 



'3827 



loss, 542 



2025 



862 



8973 



8756 



30S5 



1999 



7817 



3033 



4536 



889 



4000 



0791 



3325 



1564 



318,038 



Di-MtSTIC MANUFACTURES 



The Palladium states that the mannfacturc 

 of Palm Le.if Hals has becomo In Massachu- 

 setts, a business of considerable importance, 

 and gives employment to many persons A 

 friend calculates that a million of those will 

 be made for the next season. Formerly they 

 wore imported from Cuba, and sold, we bo- 

 lieve, for about $2 each Now the raw mate- 

 rial is imported, and the hats made here, which 

 sell for 3 or $4 per dozen Formerly we had 

 the trifling business of selling a few — now we 

 have the whole business of making and selling 



The same paper says — We are glad to hear 

 chat Massachusetts Site Leather is in high es- 

 timation The Philadelphia Leather is in high 

 repute ; but we understand that many now 

 give the preference to that manufactured bv 

 Mr. Tufts, of Charlestown. 



NATURAL HISTORY. 



At a recent meeting of the New- York Lit- 

 erary and Philosophical Society, Dr. S L- 

 Mitchill made the following communications. 



Two specimens of the Ovoviviparous Shark 

 from the Atlantic ocean, off Cape Hatieras. 

 This animal, though a fish, is viviparous — 

 that is, it brings forth its young alive. But 

 what is very peculiar, to its little fish, is ap- 

 pended an egg, and yet this egg ha'S no con- 

 nexion with the dam or mother fish. The 

 brood of foetuses have a separated existence 

 in the uterus ; and each draws it9 supply of 



nourishment, before birth, from the egg 



Tins peculiar organization is one of the great 

 curiosities of the animal race ; and richly de- 

 serves the particular attention of anatomist 

 and physiologists, Mr. Bloodgood, who fur- 

 nished the articles, look them alive from the 

 body of the parent. 



A specimen of the elegant calcareous 

 Breccia, from the quarry near Summenille, 

 m New Jersey. It is entirely composed or 

 'traginpn'.- ihat are firmly aggregated, and 

 which receive a splendid p. dish. The con- 

 slitutent pieces are of various colors, and ex- 

 pose a beautiful -url'ace. It is slated, that 

 this marble fnrmaiion is of considerable ex- 

 tent. The present preperation was received 

 i.om Mr. William Frazee, at whose manuf.ic- 

 loiv, in Amity street, large blocks may be 

 seen. Jt is much more elegant than the Ma- 

 ryland production, of which Ihe pillars ol the 

 Capitol at Washington are made. 



A sample of the famous antidote against the 

 bite ol venomous serpents, from Guatimala. 

 in Central America, as forwarded by Mi. 

 Consul Perrine. He said he had put a living 

 plant under the protection of Andrew Smith. 

 our well known horticulturist and seeds- 

 man. 



HORTICULTURE. 



Thomas Cody gardener of Commodore 

 Channcey, at the Navy Yard, in B-ooklyn ; has 

 raised a Savoy cabbage, weighing nine pounds 

 and a half, without the stalk and under leaves. 

 It i-i considered large for thai peculiar kind, 

 and was produced from foreign seed by Mr 

 Cody. ' 



Lyceum. — A Lyceum has been established je 

 Cambridge, Washington co , for the promo- 

 tion of literature and the arts and sciences.— 

 At their next meeting a lecture is to be de- 

 livered on Popular Education This is the 

 first institution of the kind in that conntry. 



NEW POEMS. 



White, Gallaher fy White, publishers, N. Y 

 have in the press and will soon publish a vol- 

 ume of poems by Mrs. Emma Willard, of the 

 Troy Female Seminary. They are published 

 at the request of numerous pupils nowscatlei 

 ed through every part of the United States- 



