*8 



THE GENESEE FARMER. 



March 19, 1831 



SELECTION.?. 



Setectcdfor the Grnr.see Farmer, by D. T. 

 From Lawrenco'a Gardening, printed in 1717. 



At my first coming to my parish, I found 

 -iom.o difficulty to preserve my fraitfrom rol) 

 hers ; hereupon I resolved upon this strata- 

 gem I ordered t lie smith to make a large iron 

 trap, with formidable teeth, to close within 

 another, which was called a %nan Imp. This 

 was hung Up several weeks', at the smith's 

 shop, in tcrrorem, giving it out, that now there 

 would be great danger, if any one should at- 

 atten-ipt to rob my garden. This, without set- 

 tin" the trap, succeeded to my wish, and I have 

 Mot been since rf-bbed these 12 years. 



It is very convenient to have a large cistern 

 ,.r Htono trough — and if it should be thoughi i 

 difficult to procure such a sort of slone as] 

 will endure the hard frosts in the winter; as a 

 romedy for this, I made an experiment upon 

 a very brittle stone trough, — which the mason I 

 told tne would not endure the frost, — and it 

 succeeded according to my expectaiions. I 

 used it for salting meat in the bouse, far two 

 or three months, till 1 thought it was thorough- 

 ly soaked with brine, and then set it abroad ; 

 and it has already endured six winters, and 

 defied even the, great frosts in 1708. 



From the New England Farmer. 

 FARMER'S WORK FOR MARCH. 

 Cattle should be liberally suppl.ed with food 

 from this time till they can be turned to grass. 

 As straw and hay become drier than they were 

 : n the fore part of the winter, the supply should 

 be greater, and the quanlity of roots which you 

 give them had better he increased than dimin- 

 ished. Potatoes are better food for breeding 

 ewes than turnips, which it is said are apt to 

 injure the lambs. 



Dress with stable, compost, hog pen, or such 

 other well rotted manure as you have, such 

 grass ground as you have neglected in au- 

 tumn; three loads now, may he i-qual to two 

 then : hut it is best to secure a good crop even 

 now. Your winter grain should bo now dres- 

 sed with plaster, if it was neglected at seed 

 time : your mowing grounds which are upon a 

 dry soil, will pay you well for a bushel or two 

 of piaster, or a few bushels of lime or leached 

 ashes to the acre. 



Your orchards continue to claim your atten- 

 tion — give to eaclt tree a top dressing of your 

 best chip, stable, or compost manure ; your 

 fruit will richly repay besides the extra profits 

 upon your grass under your tress, whether 

 mowing or pasture.logether with the growth of 

 your trees. 



Look to your water courses, and change 

 their direction, to receivo the benefit of the 

 spring rains ; the frequent changing of vour 

 water courses will render your mowing even, 

 and prevent one part from becoming rank, and 

 lodging before the other part is fit to cut, and 

 thus turn to-your best pro-lit, that which if neg- 

 lected, would become waste and damage. 



Do not permit the carcases of dead animals, 

 such as lambs, cats. Ac. to contaminate your 

 premises, and poison its inhabitants. When 

 tlomeslicatod animals die, it is the common 

 prnctice to let them rot above the gronud. — 

 TJiis is suro to annoy the neighbaurhoori. If 

 the stencil from the animal be too distant to 

 contaminate the air, dogs are fond of carrion, 

 and after they have gorged themselves with it, 

 become insufferable inmates to the families to 

 which they belong. The dead animal should 

 be laid on a thy:k layer of earth, and well co 

 voted with the same material. After the co 

 vering has sunk in, and the earth has absorbed 

 the animal matter, the compost will not be more 

 offensive than slaughler house dung, provided 



a sutlicieuey of earth has been employed. 



They should be hauled to the field during win- 

 tor, and ploughed under us soon as frost will 

 tpermit. The same should also be done when 

 ■fight soil is osed. 



Sir Hufnplrrev D;cvv ol^tyVed' flint <* Ma- 



nures from animal substances, in general re- 

 quire no preparation to fit them for the soil. — 

 The great object of the farmer is to blend them 

 with earthy constituents, in a proper state of 

 division, and to prevent their too rapid decom- 

 ! position. 



The .ntire parts of tho muscles of land ani- 

 mals are not commonly used as a manure, 

 though there are many cases in which such an 

 application might bo easily made. Horses, 

 dogs, sheep, deer, and other quadrupeds, that: 

 have died accidentally, or of disease, afierj 

 their skins are separated, are often suffered toj 

 remain exposed to the air, or immersed in wa- 

 ter, till they are destroyed by birds or beasts of 

 prey, or entirely decomposed ; and in this case, . 

 j most of their organized matter is iost for the 

 land on which they lie, and a considerable por- 

 lion of it employed in giving off noxious gases I 

 to I he atmosphere. 



By covering dead animals with five or six 

 times their bulk of soil, mixed with one purl 

 of lime, and guttering (hem to remain for a few] 

 months, their decomposition would impregnate! 

 the soil with soluble matter, soasto render it. 

 an excellent manure; and by mixing a little 

 fresh quick lime with it at the lime ol its re- 

 moval, the disagreeable effluvia would be iu a 

 great measure destroyed ; and it might be ap- 

 plied in the same way as any other manure 

 to crops. 



Procure the very best of garden seeds, and 

 other seeds for the ensuing season. If you 

 mean to deserve the character, and realize 

 the profits of a good cultivator, you will see 

 that every arlicle of use in your honorable vo- 

 cation, is among the best of its kind- You 

 must plant good seeds, or you will not grow 

 good vegetables, possess good breeds of do- 

 mestic animals, or your slock will not be so 

 valuable as it might and ought to bu. If your 

 tools and implements are not the best, you will 

 waste much strength to little purpose, when 

 you attempt to use them. 



Those plants, which you wish might yield a 

 forward crop, such as garden peas, beans, &c. 

 may be sown very early iu the spring, and very 

 thick in hoi houses, or under hot bed frames, 

 or the south side of walls, and transplanted 

 when they are one or two inches high, into 

 ihe places in which they are intended to stand 

 for a crop. 



Your ploughs, harrows, carls, hoes, rakes, 

 &.C. should be inspected and put in readiness 

 for use. They will last the lunger if painted 

 or covered with some suitable composition. — 

 Covering wood repeatedly with oil or grease, 

 will have a tendency to preserve it. Where tools 

 or implements are exposed in the field, a good 

 part of the year, they require to be new pain 

 ted at least every second year. This applies 

 as well to the iron as to the wood, both of 

 which should he kept coated, as far as practi- 

 cable, with paint or oil. 



It will soon bo (if it is not now) ihe proper 

 season for pruning fruit trees. London says, 

 '• For all the operations of pruning which are 

 •performed ou the branches or shoots of trees, : 

 'it would appear the period immediately be- j 

 ] fore, or commensurate with the rising ot the J 

 sap, is the best." Col. Pickering observed, 

 " ftjy practice has been to prune in tlic spring, 

 beginning when the bads have scarcely begun I 

 to swell, aud coiling before the expansion of 

 tho leaves llui 1 never leave ' slumps' of 

 lin.bs. Every branch that is taken away, is; 

 cot close and even with the stem or limb where 

 it grows; and llie healing of the wound com 

 ineiicesixail proceeds kindly as vegetation ad- 

 vances. II the branch cut off bo largo, the 

 wound should bo covered with some kiud of 

 plaster." 



Here follows the communication of our qor- 

 respondent D. T. on pruning, for which sue 

 number 3, of this paper. 



MAPLE ^UGAR. 



As the season for making maple sugar is ap- 

 proaching, we think it may be of use to some 

 of our readers to attend to the following di- 

 rections. 



Scald your buckets for catching sap, before 

 tapping the trees. 



The sap should be kept clean from dir; 

 through the process of boiling. 



Avoid leaving your sap long in an iron kettle 

 as the rust will give it a dark color. 



When nearly boiled down to syrup or thin 

 molasses a little lime thrown into the kettle 

 will be of use. 



At this stage of boiling, as well as in sugar- 

 ing off, care should he taken to avoid heating 

 the top of the kernel too hot, or any other way 

 burning, as it will injure the colour, and Ihe fla- 

 vor of the *ugnr. 



When thi syrup is boiled down, turn it while 

 hot, into a clean wooden vessel ; let it stand 

 two or three days and settle ; then turn \'. 

 carefully from the dirt at the bottom, and strain 

 it. 



Hang it ovor a gentle fire, and when it is 

 warm, stir in one pint of milk to four or five 

 gallons of syrup, which will rise as it begins 

 lo boil, and must be taken off will) a skimmer. 



If you wish to make your sugar very nice 

 coo! it until one half or two ihirds will grain . 

 torn it hot into a light cask ; let it stand until 

 it is grained at the bottom. Turn off the mo- 

 lasses, and turn the cask botiom npwards ove" 

 some vessel to catch what will drop; then 

 set vour cask upright, and what moisture re 

 mains will settle to the bottom, leaving the 

 tup dry, and the sugar will he of a superiol 

 quality. — Osi«c»» Pallad. 



CiARDElV SEEDS. 



THE subscribers ur>: now roaily to receive the spring 

 I orders of their customers, having received by the Sove- 

 reign, from London, and by arrivals from France auc 

 j Holland, a ciioice assortment of Garden, Field & Flow- 

 er seeds— among which, are many hue sorts of enrry 

 | Cabbage ; early and Iato Cauliflower ; purple Cupe Ilro- 

 jcole ; early scarlet Radish ; Mangel \Vur2cll : Sir Join. 

 Sinclair's uew Silver tlcets, (a very luxuriant anil vain - 

 jablo vegetable); Bishop's early Dlrarf Prolific Pent. 

 75 emits per rjuart. These peas need no rcconinienda 

 tion i itmuv who iiad them last season attest to theirsii- 

 perior quality — they were introduced by aScotcu Gar- 

 dener, named Bishop, 1827, in London,, and so great'' 

 was their reputation, that they s.dd for one guinea per 

 pint ; they are remarkably early, very productive, an.: 

 grow only twelve inches high — should be planted three 

 inches apart, as they spread liko u fan ; they coiuiucucc. 

 blooming when only three inches high. 



Also, a few pounds suporior white Mulberry Seed 

 growth lS3u,prico59 cents per oz. or 6 dolls, per pound 

 Perennial llyo Grass ; Orchard Grass ; tine early Pota 

 toes ; English Windsor lieaus -, Green Nonpareil Beans 

 Ate. iyc. 



Bird Seed of every sort : fresh Emhdon Grotts ; Oat 

 Meal i Barley Meal; Kice Floor; Shaker's Parched 

 Corn ; Medicinal Herbs ; Barks and Roots in great, va- 

 riety. 



Also, 40 bushels fine white Mustard Seed, received, by 

 the Columbia and Hudson, late LoudoD arrivals; this 

 Seod was selected expressly for Medicine— is qurte frer 

 ofdust and impurity 



Gentloiuen supplied with Gardeners, by the dav, loom* 

 or y ear . O. THOKBURN & SONS. 



Feb. 29— G F C w 67 Liberty street, New Vork t 



Who is the best F«nner ! Not lie who lias 

 the largest firm or the tno9t land. But he 

 who does all his wOfik aj flye rrfehtr Oih'o,, apd 

 iti flie trglu Vf try 



MEYV CATALOGUE.— PRICKS REDUCED. 



Linntan Botanic Garden and Jfurscriit, a&l'lusjiinj/ 

 near TVetr-lorft. 



WM. PRINCE & SONS, proprietors of this establish" 

 ment, now announce that llu) great extension made in 

 their establishment, which now covers nearly TiD acre? 

 compactly lilted with U»e choicest Trees, Shrubs, &c. 

 has enabled them to reduce tho prices for various kinds . 

 and their new Catalogue with the rcdooed prices will I. 

 speedily presented to the public, when it may bo ob- 

 tained of the various ageou, or by application to them 

 selves diu-ct by mail* The greatest attcnttcai and thr- 

 J strictest srrutiuy have baeu exercised in regard to the 

 [quality and accuracy of their Trees, una. they are of a 

 larger sj-.ee than at any previous period Aware thai the 

 establishment oX Nurseries in every part ojf olrt ronutry 

 woutd be a national uuv.-image, they will furnish ajl sur- 

 plies ,11 such cases at a liberal discount, ajid at a credit 

 to comport with 1 he convenience 0/ ihe purchasers. An^ 

 information desired will be tarnished by return majl, ti 

 those who desire it.oud all orders <ye. Will receive thi 

 acteosioinrd attention "Bd despatch. 



Those who desire any iidilitiouul uit'oruunkfti respect- - 

 ing tjio establishment, or who wish to send utders fir 

 rrcoai SIlTUtut, etc are retjueatcil to coll on A- KKV. 

 NOM1S, in the Arcade. Bin door belo\v^licPK?t Q/fivv ,. 

 who is an ajithnrr.3!!l agent of /Jrts OBb,Rli|i7e , 'f-. 



Riie,1te-- ;.;f\ * , 'r->:- -, > I'J'.li.T-'.'l F» 



