Vol. 1.— No. 12. 



AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



91 



crop hay, (if before the season for grass) he 

 will soon eat of it, and may have skimmed 

 milk soon substituted for now milk, made warm 

 with water, as milk directly from the cow. 



When four or five weeks old he will eat 

 grass and dnnk water, and be quite as large at 

 if ho had taken ail the milk from the cow.— 1 

 The saving of milk will amply pay for the 

 trouble, and the calf will not be stinted in 

 size. I think we err in permitting calves to 

 suck to much at first, even when intended for 

 the butcher. They fa! better by beginning 

 moderately, and increasing gradually, as gor- 

 ging is injurious to the brute creation as well 

 as to the human race. 



Let a man pu' chase an animal as prepared 

 and presented ai cur cattle shows for premi- 

 um, stuffed and pampered for the occasion, 

 then let him feed fairly, as a good farmer would 

 and ought to feod, and beiore the next cattle 

 show, the animal would be iiku the lean kine 

 of Pharaoh. You see I differ from many good 

 men as to the condition in which animals 

 should be exhibited at our cattle shows — I do 

 i:ot mean the cattle as fitted for boef although 

 in that case I should lean to the firmer who 

 presented well fatted beef at the least expense 

 I have thought it better to have rather small 

 enclosures for grass for calve.', and change 

 them every two or three weeks. It' the feed 

 should be short, or the flies so troublesome as 

 to prevent their eating in the day time, feed 

 with a quart of wheat bran, or three pints per 

 day — if no bran, a pint of Indian meal — some 

 crusts of bread occasionally, of which they 

 soon become fond. 



I am fully of opinion, calves should be so 

 ted as to keep them in a growing state, but 

 never gorged or pampered. It frequently oc- 

 curs that they require a very small piece ot 

 their tail cut off; the necessity is ascertained 

 by pulling the tail,aud if the hones are loose and 

 the skin spongy, cutting is necessary : they are 

 what fanners term tail sick. They should be 

 provided with salt to lick when they please ; 

 I use the crude lump salt from Liverpool :-- 

 ray cattle of every description lick it freely. 

 It is economy to use it, and I think it answers 

 the purpose quite as well as white and granu- 

 lated salt that is more expensive — you can see 

 some of it at my farm in Eyefield. 



The age at which they should have their 

 first calf does not appear to be settled, as 1 find 

 farmers disagree, some preferring two years 

 old past, or the month of June succeeding the 

 spring when they were two years old, others 

 three years old paM — I am rather inclined to 

 prefer the latter agr-, unless Ihpcalf grows ra- 

 pidly, and has attained great size, and may be 

 considered a forward animal. Never allow a 

 heifer to calve till June ; the verv last of the 

 month is preferable ; they will then have a flow 

 of nutritious grass feed, which will swell the 

 udder, give health and strength, and unless a 

 violent cold rain storm, no injury arises from 

 calving in the pastures. 1 have thought it 

 best to use bows, straps, or stanchions, to tie 

 them up, as it is termed.; the first fall they 

 are brought to the bar, I have had practised, 

 (and my father before me, who was remarka- 

 bly fond of them, and an excellent judge of 

 their qualities.) handling the udder almost ev 

 cry morning, when tied up feeling the teats 

 and, if I may use the term, make believe milk- 

 ing, if dene gently it will save trouble, which 

 frequently happens with heifers with the first 

 call. 1 think I have known several spoiled 

 for want of this attention, and were ofno val- 

 ue as milch cows — requiring their legs tied, 

 and were not milked well, becoming the terror 

 of female and finally of male milkers. 



The expense would not exceed from 25 10 50 

 cents. Many would undoubtedly bo neglected 

 and die ; but many, also, would grow and bear 

 fruit abundantly. • Let it be not an objec- 

 tion, that the tenant is to occupy but one 

 year. — N. Y. farmer. 



LARGE AND FAT OXER. 



A pair of a North Devonshire breed was ex- 

 hibited in this city on the 25ih inst. Thev 

 were raised and fattened by Mr. Hurlbut, of 

 Winchester, Conn, and weighed each 2700 

 pounds. They were a very fat, handsome, 

 and noble pair of oxen. The stock was deri 

 ved from Mr. Coke, the celebrated and opu- 

 lent English Agriculturist, Our farmers are 

 entitled to all praise when they send to our ci- 

 ty such specimens of what their management 

 and their farms produce. — lb. 



CHARC0 4L FOB HAMS. 



A writer in the American Farmer recom- 

 mends to pac|t hams, after they have beet: 

 smoked, in pounded charcoal. It keeps out 

 the flies, and prevents the foetid smell and uri 

 pleasant taste too often found in hams exposed 

 for sale.— lb. 



TAR ON SHEKP. 



It is but little known, but it is nevertheless 

 a fact, says the Portland Mirror, that a little 

 tar rubbed on the nocks of young lambs or 

 geese, will prevent the depredations of foxes 

 upon them; these animals having an uncon- 

 querable aversion to the smell of tar. — lb. 



peas, the marrowfats are generally ureferred, 

 and are very productive. Keep your peas 

 clear of weeds, if you mean to havo them do 

 well. — lb. 



The durability of posts used in making fen- 

 ces, is a matter of great importance to our 

 farmers.and will continue so as long as the pre- 

 sent system of fencing is continued We 

 have been informed that the shakers at Union 

 Village, have been in the habit of making oak 

 posts as durable as locust, by a very simple 

 and easy process. This is merely to bore a hole 

 m that part of the post, which will be just at 

 the surfaco of the earth, with such a slope as 

 will carry it just below the surface, and fill it 

 with salt This, it is said, will preserve the 

 timber from decaying for a long time ; and 

 from the knowledffe we have of the influence 

 of salt.in preserving ship timber,when treated 

 in a somewhat similar manner, we have no 

 doubt of its being a-- excellent method.— ib. 



PASTURE AND AAY. 



He who wishrs to have good pasture thro'- 

 out the season, and good crops of hay, must 

 keep his stock in his barn-yard until his pas- 

 ture fields are well grown over with stout grass, 

 and by no means turn his cattle, horses, or 

 sheep into his meadow. 



Some farmers come short of hay, and rather 

 than buy, feed off their meadows ; the conse- 

 quence is, their next crop of hay is ruined, and 

 the spring following they are compelled to do 

 the samo ; thus they arc ever straightened for 

 hay, and their farms are impoverished — it is 

 just so with pasture fields. 



He who turns out his stock early will never 

 have good pasture ; and his fields are kept 

 bare, by close grazing, until they too are 

 exhausted ; and what grass roots the horse 

 and sheep do not pull up in the fall, are so ex- 

 posed by their nakedness, that the frost of the 

 winter destroys them, and thus the grazing 

 part of the farm is ruined. Let him who wish- 

 es to have a vigorous and early growth of grass 

 permit his fields to go into winter quarters 

 with a good cover of old grass, keep the bars 

 all up, the sheep off during winter, and he can 

 never fail. — L. hi. Farmer. 



From the New t^ogland Farmer. 



TO PREVENT SOWS FROM DESTROYING THE1P 



OFFSPRING 



* * * * Last summer a vessel arrived at 

 Long wharf, in this city, having on board a 

 sow, which, very soon after reaching the wharf, 

 produced a fine litter of pigs She very soon 

 began to devour them, upon which the captain 

 threw her several pieces of salt pork, which 

 she ate greedily, and disturbed the pigs no 

 more The captain, who was formerly an ex 

 perienced farmer as well as sea captain, said 

 he had often tried the experiment, and always 

 with perfect success. This may, or may not, 

 be new to your readers. To me it appears 

 very important. Yours, (ruly, B. 



Boston, March 1, 1831. 



VEGETABLE " COINCIDENCE." 



We were shown this morning, by Mr. San- 

 derson, of the CofFeeHouse,a curiously-formed 



oraDge. left with him by one of his friends. 



The fruit was shaped in exact resemblance to 

 the head of a parrot. Not the slightest min- 

 utiae: Df a like appearance, was omited. The 

 eyes, the crest, the bill, — and the whole con- 

 tour of the bird's visage, were all " as to the 

 life." In this age of wonders, such a vegeta- 

 ble curiosity deserves a record. — Phil, Gaz. 



PLAST1NG VINFS IN YARDS. 



Every persan who occupies a house, either 

 in the city or country, should consider himself 

 under obligations to plant a vine in his yard. — 

 .Suppose a choice variety of either foreign or 

 native grapes should be planted ill every yard 

 in this city, in a few years not a family liowev- 

 fr poor, would be without this delicious fruit. 



They should be sowed as early as may be 

 harrow them in, but they may be ploughed it 

 in, if thought best. Be cautious and see thai 

 they are not covered too deep. Oats or some 

 other plants should be sown with them, in or- 

 der to support them ; as their stems will be 

 too feeble to support them alone The crop 

 should be cut before the peas become too dry. 

 Lay them in small heaps, and thrash them in 

 the common manner when they are dry e- 

 uough. The sti aw is good for fodder. Peas 

 are good for fatting «» ine or cattle, and mix 

 od with oats make excellent provender for a 

 horse. Some people sow them on purpose for 

 fodder, which is proved to be a mo6t nutritious 

 and heavy crop. They leave theground mel 

 low, and in a good state for a crop of grain. — 

 As to bugs, let the poas be soaked in some rich 

 and suitable liquor, made hot, before sown — 

 r<*or the garden, peas should be sown about 

 once a fortnight. Thus you may have green 

 peas through the season. Sow them in double 

 rowB.and stick them between,having the brush 

 or-sticks placed firm in the ground. 



There is an early sort, called the Washing- 

 ton peas, which are very excellent. For later 



It is stated in Watson's Annals of Philadel- 

 phia, that the original cultivation ofbroom corn 

 in this country originated with Dr. Franklin ; 

 the Doctor accidentally saw an imported whisk 

 of corn in the possession of a lady in Philadel- 

 phia, and while examining it as an article of 

 curiosity, saw a 6eed, which he secured and 

 planted, and thus originated the abundant and 

 lucrative crops which are so beautifully spread 

 over meadows in the season of vegetable life. 



SILK WORMS. 



In (he Legislature of Massachusetts, on 

 I Thursday, the Committee on Agriculture made 

 I an interesting report lo the House, in fa^or of 

 encouraging the cultivation of Mulberry trees, 

 aod the raising of Silk Worms. The report 

 concluded with a resolve requesting the Gov- 

 ■ynor to cause a book to be compiled on the 

 subject, and distributed to the towns iu the 

 commonwealth; six hundred dollars was ap- 

 : loprialed to defray the expense. 



A Parsnip was raised in the garden of Mr 

 L. Hine, in the village of Cairo, which grew 

 from the seed, since last spring, weighing five 

 oounds aDd fouitcen ounces, and had it been 

 dug entire, would have exceeded six pounds. 

 Its circumference tvas tweDty inches. 



Who is the best Lawyer ? Not he who 

 makes the most writs, or gets the most money. 

 But he who has the most knowledge, and uses 

 that knowledge honestly 



