Vol. I.— No. 18. 



AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL,. 



130 



and mora productive crop", in climate where 

 the) have been abandoned frum observing thai 

 they diJ not ripen when planted at the usual 

 time. — N. E. Farmer. 



A WORD TO BEE KEEPERS. 



AN EFFECTUAL SECURITY AGAINST THE WORM. 



As soon as your bees commence working in 

 the spring, incline your bnx or hive on one 

 side, and with a slab of wood having a thin 

 edge, scrape the stand immediately under the 

 hive, also around the inner edge of the box, 

 taking care to remove all the web that may be 

 attached to the stand or hive, as the whole se- 

 cret is, in keeping litem free from the web, for- 

 med bv the moth or fly. Having completed 

 this operation, provide yourself with four small 

 blocks of wood, and place one under each cor- 

 ner of your box. so as to raise it about an inch 

 from the stand, this will enable you to clean 

 the stand without removing the hive ; this 

 scraping operation must be repealed every 

 three or four davs, if there should be any ap- 

 pearance of web forming on the stand or a 

 round the inner edges of the hive. It seems 

 necessary to remark, ih it the moth or fly com- 

 mences its attack by a kind of regular ap- 

 proach, first forming its web on the stand, then 

 cxtendina it up the sides of the hive, until it 

 crets complete possession; by a little timely 

 attention in removing the web as directed, the 

 ravages of the worm may bo effectually pro 

 vented. As an additional part of the plan 

 proposed, it will be necessary to make an en- 

 trance for the hoes, by culling a perpendicular 

 slit in the front of the hive a few inches from 

 the bottom, say about two and a half inches in 

 length and one fourth inch wide, with a kind 

 of shelf under it, to serve as a resting place 

 for the bees going and returning to the hive; 

 after being a little used to it, the bees seem to 

 prefer this entrance to the one at the bottom. 

 In the winter remove the blocks from under 

 the hive, and allow it to rest immediately on 

 the stand ; this will render the hive perfectly 

 close at the bottom, and the entrance in front 

 being purposely made narrow, will guard a- 

 gainst the attacks of mice, who are sometimes 

 troublesome. — Am- Far. 



IMPROVEMENT OF CORN 



The Editor of the American Farmer, has 

 been several years in the habit of improving 

 corn by crossing different varieties, with des 

 cided advantage. If he has a variety with 

 small ears, which he deems good in other re- 

 spects, he plants it in the rows with another 

 kind with large ears, that fiVwers at the same 

 time ; and, at the time nf 4 the tassels appearing, 

 carefully cuts away the male flowers (or tas- 

 sels) of the large eared kind. By this opera- 

 tion, large ears are produced of the small ear- 

 ed kind. There ire some kinds of early corn, 

 which though excellent in other respects fur 

 green corn, are very much injured by the co- 

 loring matter of their red cobs. This he at- 

 tempted to remedy last summer by transfer- 

 ring the corn from the red to the white cob in 

 the same way, and he thinks with success. — 

 He planted some of the red cob Tuskarora, — 

 which he thinks the best early green corn, in 

 the rows with the largest eared white cob su- 

 gar corn he could find, about half and half. — 

 As the tassels of the sugar corn made their ap- 

 pearance, he carefully cut them away, leaving 

 the whole to be supplied by the pollen from 

 the tassels or male flowers, of the red cob Tus- 

 karora. The result was, he had the Tuskaro- 

 ra corn on the white cob of the sugar corn, as 

 he desired. From his experiments, the Editor 

 Concludes, that any variety of corn may at 

 pleasure, thus be transferred to the cob of any 

 other variety that flowers at the same time ; 

 and if a large eared kind can be found that 

 flowers at the proper time, the smallest eared 

 kind may be made to produce large ear6 by the 

 above process. He has not extended his expe- 

 riments to the improvement of the field corn; 

 out, has no doubt, that, by the same process, 



the thick cob of some kinds may be improved. 

 Suppose the thick cob kind were planted in 

 the row with some other that usually has u 

 small cob, and the tassels of the latter cut of 

 as above directed, would not the desired vari 

 ety of corn bo obtained on the small cob ? — A 

 meriean Farmer. 



HILLING CORN. 



Erastus Ware, of Silem, Mass says of an 

 excellent fieid of corn, which obtained a pre- 

 mium, that it was hoed three times, but not 

 hilled, as has beon customary ; and upon a 

 comparison of that not hilled, wiih a small 

 piece which was in some degree hilled, alter 

 a severe gale, he is satisfied that no advantage 

 is gained by hilling, as was formerly practi- 

 sed. His opinion is that there is no benefit to 

 he derived by hilling corn ; and corn raised on 

 a flat surface, when the weeds are destroyed, 

 and the gron.id kept loose, is by no means so 

 likely to suffer by the drought, or to have its 

 roots impeded in the search after their proper 

 nutriment, as where the ground is drawn up 

 round the stalk in a high and steep hill. 



Soaking Seed Corn, in Copperas water, 

 has been heretofore recommended ; and its 

 success tested, in the advance and strength of 

 the growth produced Another plan ol opera- 

 tion has been stated, the result of which is un- 

 known from any personal experiment or ob- 

 servation. Il is to soak seed corn in a solu 

 tion of Glauber's salts. It is stated to hasten 

 its growth three or four days sooner than if 

 planted in its natural state, and that neither 

 worms, nor fnwls, nor birds will destroy it. 



SPRING PREPARATION OF GROUND. 



The only susgestions which we can make re- 

 specting field-culture. is 10 have the work done 

 at the proper lime, and in the best manner. — 

 Seeds will vegetate readily in proportion to 

 the favorableness of the circumstances. The 

 ground -hould be well pulverized, so as to re- 

 tain sufficient moisture to occasion immediate 

 germinal ion, and to afford the young roots a pro 

 teciion from the extremes of wet and dry. and 

 heal and cold. The success of a crop depends 

 more on ihe proper preparation of the ground 

 than many farmers are apt to suppose. It is 

 ea6v to conceive how much struggling for ex- 

 istence must take place in a young plant, the 

 seed-germ of which haB been deposited among 

 lumps of earth, even if they are no larger than 

 peas. It must he important, therefore, that 

 the soil be finely pulverized, and that the earth 

 be closely pressed to the seed. To accom- 

 plish these ebjects, much attention should he 

 given to harrowing and rolling. We find the 

 latter very strongly recommended by good far- 

 mers throughout the rountry. 



Every effort should be made to have the seed 

 in the ground at a time when the moisture and 

 temperature are the most favorable for starting 

 germination, and sustaining the development 

 of the vegetating parts. — N. Y. Farmer. 



TREES. 

 No pains and no reasonable expense should 

 be spaicd by the farmer in setting out useful 

 and ornamental trees around his house and 

 the public road. He should do this for his own 

 interest and from patriotic feelings. Our fathers 

 made sacrifices for our country with sword in 

 hand. It belongs to their children to make 

 them with the spade. The necessitous calls 

 of our country are so few, that a patriotic 

 spirit is in danger of becoming too quiescent. 

 It should be said of no farmer, in any part of 

 the Union, that he has not patriotism sufficient 

 to set out a tree to ornament his house or the 

 public road. The good of the country re- 

 quires that a mulberry tree should be planted 

 in every unoccupied corner. 



SFRING FEEDING. 

 The farmer should pay particular attention 

 to prevent his horses, cows, and 6heep, from 



losing flesh about the time they are leaving 

 their winter dry fodder for that of the green 

 spring grass. Should there bo a falling off a- 

 bnut this time,and a scarcity of grass succeed, 

 it will take the whole summer to restore them 

 10 a good condition. Owing to a scarcity of 

 fodder in spring ameng many farmers, they 

 are apt to scant their horses and cattle. But 

 such a course is very injudicious and detrimen- 

 tal to their profit — JV. If. Far. 



A NEW BEAUTIFUL, AND VALUABLE FR JIT, 

 Brougbi from Council Bluffs, and bearing in New 



England. Extract of a lettor Crura J. Winsbip, Esq. EC 



J. S. Skiuncr, Postmaster of Baltimore. 



Brighton, April 2, 1831. 

 We have now growing in our grounds a 

 tree ten feel high, the produce of ilia seed you 

 were so kind as to send me eight )ears ago, 

 called the Shephardia, or Silver Leaf Buffalo 

 Berry Tree The ensuing autumn we -hall 

 have a quantity of them, and some of them 

 are very moch at your service. It is one of 

 the sreatesi acquisitions of the fruit-bearing 

 kind our country can produce. For beauty of 

 loilage, delicacy of appearance, and elegance 

 of fruit, it is unrivalled bi any new production ; 

 the fruit is about the size of the ted Antwerp 

 currant, much richer to the taste, and forms 

 one continued cluster of fruit on every branch 

 and twig. — Am. Far. 



SILVER LEAVED SHEPHARDIA. 



Sht-pUardia eleagnuidts, 



Buffalo Berry Tree. ) 



Rabbit Berry Tree. > Indian names. 



Beef- suet Berry Tree. J 



This beautiful tree was first noticed by Pro 

 fessor Nuttall, during his travels in the Mis- 

 souri Territory in the year 1810, and named 

 after his friend Mr. Suephabd, of Liverpool, 

 England. 



The seed of the trees now cultivated at the 

 Brighton nursery, were collected by Colonel 

 Snelling of the city of Boston, and forwarded 

 about ten years since to John S. Skinner, Esq. 

 of Baltimore, whose public spirited exertions 

 in Ihe colleciion and introduction of new 

 seeds and trees, are well known and appreci- 

 ated. 



The tree is perfectly hardy, grows vigour- 

 ously in our climate; and has a near resem- 

 blance to the olive tree. Its fruit is soushi af- 

 er with avidity by the English and American 

 hunters at ihe proper season. It is one of 

 the earliest flowering trees in North America, 

 having already shed all its blossoms, and set 

 its fruit. 



Plants of a good size will be ready for sale 

 the ensuiog autumn at a moderate price, at the 

 Messrs. Winships' Brighton Nurseries. — Ntw 

 England Farmer. 



MANURE. 



Farmers should make it a point to get as 

 much manure as possible in the ground in the 

 spring. They thus save a great deal that is 

 lost by evaporation, when the manure is left 

 in the yard until summer, and then carted out 

 into the fields. The decomposition, too, is 

 more gradual in the spring, affording food to 

 the plants according to their increasing wants 



PRESERVATION OF FLOWERS. 



It is said that a few grains of salt dtoppeil 

 into the water in which flowers are kept, tends 

 greatly to pre erve them from fading, and will 

 keep them fresh and in bloom double the pe- 

 riod that pure water will. 



Gainesville, in Georgia, a spol unin- 

 habited only a few years since, and situa- 

 ted on the borders of the gold region, now 

 contains nine or ten streets, and durirc 

 the past year, 120,000 dollars' worih oT 

 gold, it is said, passed through tUe hand? 

 of merchants. 



