Vol. 1.— No. 28. 



AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



231 



lambs will do better without their fleeces than 

 with them. 



Mn. Printer. — I am an old man and 

 one of the first settlers ot" Washington coun- 

 ty. I began my farm and live on it now ; and 

 as it is common for people to tell their ex- 

 perience, I will tell you some of mine in far- 

 ming. I cleared my land, had my first crop 

 of grain, and laid it down to mowing or pas- 

 turing as my neighbors did until a due pro- 

 portion of my land was cleared. I then 

 ploughed large fields when the stumps were 

 mostly rotten and decayed, and planted and 

 ■lowed it without manuring, except some 

 small part, and that very sparingly. My 

 •irops were light and when I laid my fields 

 down to mowing again, my grass was small, 

 and I found that that mode of farming 

 would soon spoil my farm. I then adopted 

 a different course. I calculated that thirty 

 or thirty-five loads of good manure would 

 dress an acre of ground, so that it would 

 produce a good crop of corn or potatoes, and 

 the next year a good crop of wheat, with 

 which it should be laid down to grass, and 

 that it would not require to be ploughed up 

 again from six to ten yean. I have found 

 this mode to answer the purpose ; my crops 

 have been good — I have hoed less than for- 

 merly afid had more potatoes — I have sowed 

 less and had more wheat — I have mowed 

 less and had more hay. I have followed 

 this course of farming for fifteen years. I 

 plough grass ground every year. After my 

 oats are taken from the ground, I plough it 

 and cart on my fall manure, that I mean 

 for planting ground, and my spring manure 

 in the spring, spread it very even and plough 

 it in. It is better to plough the ground the 

 second time, and mix the manure well with 

 it. In the fall after the corn and potatoes 

 are taken off 1 plough the ground well, and 

 fit it for wheat the next season at which 

 time I lay it down to grass. — Poughkeepsie 

 Telegraph. 



KEEPING FARM ACCOUNTS. 



Let any farmer make the experiment, and 

 he will find it as interesting as it is useful, 

 and both interesting and useful to know 

 from year to year the actual produce of his 

 farm. Let every thing, therefore, which 

 can be measured and weighed, be measured 

 and weighed : and let that, which cannot 

 be brought to an exact standard, be estima- 

 ted as if he himself were about to sell or 

 purchase it. Let him, likewise, as near as 

 possible, measure the ground which he 

 plants, the quantity of seed which he uses, 

 and the manure which he applies. The la- 

 bor of doing this is nothing compared with 

 the satisfaction of having done it, and the 

 benefits which must arise from it. Conjec- 

 ture in these cases, is perfectly wild and un- 

 certain, varying often with different individ- 

 uals almost a hundred per cent. Exact- 

 ness enables a man to form conclusions, 

 which may most essentially, and in innumer- 

 able ways avail to his advantage. It is that 

 alone which can give any value to his expe- 

 rience ; it is that which will make his expe 

 rience the sure basis of improvement. It 

 will put it in his power to give safe counsels 

 'o his friends, and it i: the only ground on 

 which he can securely place confidence to 

 himself. — New-England Fanner. 



external fence. But, if possible, let all his 

 arable ground, though it be an hundred a- 

 cres, be in one lot. Then his plough runs 

 clear, in a long furrow. His tillage is divi- 

 ded only by the different species of grain 

 and vegetables he cultivates. There are no 

 fences of consequence, no inconvenient 

 and worthless head lands ; no apology for 

 thistles and nettles. The scene is beautiful 

 to the eye. The whole has the appearance 

 of a garden, and begets to the farmer a sort 

 of horticultural neatness. — Gardners' Jour. 



Let every farmer divide his pasture ground 

 as he pleases. Let the fence between his 

 urable and pasture land Ire as slrong a5 an 



York, (Penn.) July 12. 



Silk. — That this article which is so 

 much used in this country, could be pro- 

 duced in quantities much beyond the de- 

 mand for home consumption, there can 

 be no doubt upon the minds of any who 

 have made experiments. A specimen of 

 silk produced this season, under the man- 

 agement of Mrs. C. A. Morris, has been 

 shown to us which is of an excellent 

 quality. When it can be produced in 

 so perfect a manner by the first essay, 

 when the art is in its noviciate, we may 

 safely presage the success which would 

 attend its cultivation, after enjoying the 

 beneficial lessons of experience. 



We perceive that John Varniim, Esq. 

 ate member of Congress from North Es- 

 sex District, in Massachusetts, is about 

 making preparations for raising silk 

 worms at his farm in Dracut,upon a very 

 extensive scale. He calculates to have a 

 million of mulberry trees in three years. 



The article of silk is no doubt calcu- 

 lated to become a branch of extensive 

 employment to a great part of the Ameri- 

 can people. One great desideratum in 

 the cisatlantic community is, that employ- 

 ments should be more diversified, as the 

 consequences of too many engaging in 

 one branch are over production and pros- 

 tration. Besides there are many spots 

 of land, which are not calculated for the 

 production of the present s'aple com- 

 modities of our country, which would 

 produce the mulberry most luxuriantly. 

 The county of York is interspersed wilh 

 such spots, whose proprietors might im- 

 part to it a value equal to the best, by 

 cultivating the mulberry and raising crops 

 which would be exempt from the liabil- 

 ity to failure from the seasons as crops 

 of grain and grass have frequently been 

 found. 



The Garden of Fromont, six leagues from 

 Paris, according to Silliman's Journal, con- 

 tains 130 acres, and more than six thousand 

 species and varieties of vegetables; many 

 of them still new in France. Some of the 

 green-houses are 2000 feet in length, with 

 glazed roofs, possessing all varieties of ex- 

 posure. Many of the noble forest trees of 

 the United States have furnished contribu- 

 tions to the nursery of this garden. 



As in agriculture, he that can produce the 

 greatest crop is not the best farmer, but he 

 that can effect it with the least expense, so 

 in society, he is not the most valuable mem- 

 ber, who can bring about the most good, but 

 he that can accomplish it with the least ad- 

 mixture of concomitant ill. 



Machine for washing Grain. — Mr. Gil- 

 bert Arnold, of Angelica, New York, has 

 just patented a machine for washing and 

 drying Grain. The description states that 

 the grain is placed in a bason or hopper ot 

 water to the surface of which the smut and 

 other impurities rise and float off. The 

 kernel sinks, passes through a tub construct- 

 ed to cleanse it thoroughly, and is carried 

 into a heated sheet iron revolving cylinder, 

 which, its position being inclined, dischar- 

 ges the grain dry and fit for grinding. It is 

 said that wheat may be effectualy freed from 

 garlic by this method. 



Preserved Fruit. — Collect your Gooseber 

 ries about the middle of June and July, pick 

 them as you would for present use, and put 

 them quite dry into bottles, the neck large 

 enough to receive them without bruising; 

 then place them in a kettle of cold water, 

 which boils, let them remain in the water, 10 

 or 15 minutes, then take the* out, and af- 

 ter they have remained long enough to get 

 perfectly cool, cork the bottles closely, then 

 put them away in a cool place for use. — 

 Currants may be preserved green in the 

 same easy manner. 



Fallen Fruit. — Be very careful to gather 

 all punctured or decayed fruit, whether on 

 your trees or on the ground, and give them 

 to your hogs. If you do not, the worms 

 which they contain, and which have been 

 the cause of their premature decay will 

 make their escape into the ground, and you 

 will find the evils which await their visita- 

 tions will increase upon you another sea- 

 son. 



a 

 I - 



METEOROLOGICAL TABLE, 



for the week ending July 16, 1831. 



I Face ol 'thel 

 Sky- Observations 



5 £2 



-CSV 



E- as a 



Hi.- 



IL c 



64129,70 



53 29,75 



70l29,h6 



58 1 29,80 



72 l 29.80 

 EJ60;29,65 n e 

 M 76,29,60] 

 E 64l29,50 

 H 8629,45 

 I.' 63 29,45 



74:29,48 

 58 29,48 

 64|29,47 

 60:29,47 



w 



fair 

 do 

 do 

 do 

 do 

 do 

 do 

 do 

 do 

 raiD 

 cly 

 cly 

 rain 

 do 



3-10 

 12-10 



XT The Barometrical and Thermomctrical olstrva* 

 ions are registered at 10 o'clock J M. and P. M. .which 

 by a long series of experiments made for the purpose^ 

 eiajic i hat time to give a nearer mean average of iho 

 relative heat of a day than any other time 



ESSAYS ON AMERICAN SILK, 



WITH Directions to farmers for raising Silk 

 Worms — by J. D. Homergue and Peter S 

 Duponceau. Also, 



The American Gardener, 



Deane's New-England Farmer, and 



Butler's Farmer's Manual, for sale by 



HOYT, PORTER & CO. 

 Prince OB the Vine, a few copies for sale ae 

 above. July 23 



POTATOE ONIONS. 



THIS Onion was first brought t» Europe, by 

 some soldiers in the British army, after they 

 had compelled Bonaparte to leave Egypt. For 

 some years after their introduction, so highly were 

 they esteemed for flavor and product, that they 

 sold for one shilling sterling per onion in London, 

 For a full description of the onion and mode of 

 cultivation, see Thorburn's Seed Catalogue, page 

 35 — they should be planted in September and Oc- 

 tober. They frequently grow to 12 or 13 inchete 

 in. circumference. A quantity of these onions, 

 the growth of the present season (1831) may be 

 had at WM. THORBURN'S Seed Store, 347 

 North Market street, one door north of Rock- 

 well's Mansion House, Albany, July 10. 



