V ol. 1.— No. 34. 



AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



2GU 



stocks best adapted for each kind of fruit, 

 and likewise a minute detail of the best mode 

 and time of gathering, preserving and sow- 

 ing the different kinds of seed for the stocks 

 especially of Cher lies, Pears, Plums, Apri- 

 cots, &c. Apple stocks are raised without 

 difficulty, bin Pears, Cherries, Plums, fee. 

 are, according to my limited experience, 

 somewhat difficult of growth. Peach stocks 

 are also raised without difficulty, but 1 be- 

 lieve it is thought by most nursery men, that 

 Peach stocks are of a very limited value. I 

 will however remark, that I think I have 

 seen an observation of Mr, T. A. Knight, 

 that fruit trees are generally the most dura- 

 ble when grafted or budded on stocks of 

 the same species, [fsuch an opinion was 

 entertained by that distinguished horticultu- 

 rist it is certainly worth) of examination. — 

 As the time for gathering the seeds and 

 stones of most fruits is approaching 1 hope 

 shortly to hear from some one on the sub- 

 ject. 



I will likewise call the attention of some 

 of your correspondents to an insect of a new 

 kind to me that appeared on the grape vines 

 in this neighborhood in the spring. It ap- 

 peared just as the vines weie putting forth 

 their buds, and eat into the centre of the 

 hud. In many cases it was apparently the 

 cause of the entire failure of the fruit, and a 

 serious injury to the vines, as, when the vines 

 grew, instead of a single healthy shoot, sev- 

 eral feeble ones started out. Com one bud. 

 The insect is a small bug, abont the size 

 of the small yellow bug that infests cucum- 

 bers, of a palish blue color. If any means 

 were suggested for preventing the depreda- 

 tions of these insects, it would be gratifying 

 'o me, and perhaps to others. M. 



Berlin, Ct. August 8, 18S1. 



simple process tomatos may be preserved 

 more than a year without attention. Be- 

 .01 e cooking 'them they should be soaked in 

 fresh water for several hours.' — lb. 



Mr. Fessenden — As Tomatos, have, at 

 last, become common in our market, 1 send 

 you a receipt for preserving them during the 

 winter. 



Besides the numerous modes of preparing 

 this delicious vegetable for the table, it 

 may be stewed, alter being ] ealed, with 

 sugar like cranberries and gooseberries, 

 producing a tan equal to either of those 

 fruits. Try the experiment and be satisfied. 

 Your most obedient servant, 



H. A. S. Dearborn. 



Briulev Place, } 



Aug. it, test, j 



EXTRACT NO. XXXIV. 

 Trom l he Annales dp ..Sueiftte Hor i cut lure de Paris. 



METHOD OF PRESERVING TOMA- 

 TOS. 



The boiling required for the preservation 

 of fruits, always changes their quality, and 

 sometimes entirely alters their character ; 

 and it often happens, when the fruits are 

 acid, as in the Tomato, that they imbibe in 

 the copper vessels, in which they are stew- 

 •d to a certain consistence.inetallic principles 

 which are injurious to health. This double 

 consideration induces us to publish an excel- 

 lent method for preserving the tomato, which 

 does not alter the quality of this fruit, and 

 Joes not require the action of heat. 



'A sufficient mantity of salt is dissolved 

 at spring or river water to make it strong 

 enough to bear an egg; select perfectly ripe 

 tomatos, and place them well and without 

 pressing them in a stone or glazed earthen 

 pot, which is to be filled with the brine ; cov 

 er the pot with a deep plate in such a man- 

 3ier that it presses upon the fruit and by this 



BUDDING QUERY. 



Mr. Fessenden — This is the season for 

 budding fruit trees ; those who practise the 

 art arc naturally led to reflect more on the 

 subject generally at this than at other sea- 

 sons. 



We are told by nurserymen, and others 

 skilled in Botany, that trees of the same ge- 

 nus may be budded indiscriminately into 

 each other; the buds producing leaves of its 

 kind will control the future growth of the 

 tree. 



The reason assigned is that the leaf re- 

 ceives the sap, and by its peculiar construc- 

 tion prepares and modifies it in a suitable 

 manner to produce wood, bark, and fruit of 

 its kind. 



Suppose I have a seedling plum tree of 

 the size of a goose-quil : 1 insert a bud of 

 the peach — remove the top — the bud grows 

 — and in a few years, in consequence of the 

 'power and influence of the leaf 1 have a 

 large peach tree — Now if the above theory be 

 correct, the whole tree, root and branch (ex- 

 cept the small portion that existed at the 

 time of budding) ought to be peach and pro- 

 duce peach suckers — and yet it is confident- 

 ly asserted that this will not be. the case, and 

 that the growth below the point where the 

 bud was inserted will continue to be plum, 

 the above theory to the contrary notwith- 

 standing. 



If you think the above worthy of notice, 

 and if you or any of your cot respondents 

 will have the goodness to explain the mat- 

 ter you will oblige at least one of your con- 

 stant readers. — lb. 



ISewton, Aug. 15. 



NOTES AND REFLECTIONS 



Made during a Tour through pan of France uid Ger- 

 many, in Uie nuluuni ol ibe jear JSkS Uy J. C. Lou- 

 don. 



The market gardens of Paris (les Jardins 

 Marais) are numerous, generally nf small 

 extent, and culivated by manual labor; but 

 a few of them may be designated Farm Gar- 

 dens, in which are used the plough and oth- 

 er agricultural implements. As vegetables 

 enter more into the cookery of France than 

 they do into that of England, an immense 

 quantity is consumed at the hospitals and 

 similar institutions ; and in consequence of 

 this the more extensive market gardeners 

 employ their produce chiefly in executing 

 contracts entered into with public bodies. — 

 With this exception, the produce of the Pa- 

 ris market-gardens is sold in the vegetable 

 markets, as in London. There are several 

 of these, but none so decidedly superior to 

 all. the others as to be compared to Covent 

 Garden Market. The Marche dos Innocens 

 appeared to us one of the largest. We vis- 

 ited it twice, on September 13th, and De- 

 cember 20, and shall note what we saw in it 

 on those days, with the conclusions which 

 we drew. 



La Marche des Innocens. — Sept. 13. The 

 area exceeds an acre, and is surrounded by 

 a quadrangular range of sheds, open on 

 both sides, with a walk in the centre. In 

 the enclosed area, potatoes and other roots 

 are sold, as in the area of Covent Garden 

 Market. We shall compare the supplies of 

 the two markets about the same season of 

 the year. 



The Cabbage Tribe. — An abundant sup- 

 ply, bnt (he variety not great, and the kinds 

 coarse and not well headed Very large Sa- 

 voys, some red cabbages and field cabbages, 

 and also some broccoli and cauliflower. On 

 the whole, the markets of London, Edin- 

 burgh and Strasburgh, which we have seen 

 at the same season [Edinburgh in 1808, and 

 Strasburgh in 1819,) were rather better sup- 

 plied than the Marche des Innocens. The 

 deficiency appeared to be in the quality of 

 the kinds of cabbage and broccoli. 



Legumes. — Ripe pods of kidney beans, but 

 none green, and no common peas in pods. 

 Decidedly inferior to British markets., 



Tubers and Roots. — Abundance of pota- 

 toes, but the sorts not such as would be con- 

 sidered good in Britain. Quantities of the 

 Jerusalem artichoke, scorzonera, black rad- 

 ishes, Teltow turnip, solid celery, carrots, 

 parsnips, succory roots, and others. The 

 variety much greater than in Britain, and 

 the quality of every article, except the pota- 

 toes and carrots, equal, if not superior. 



The Onion Tribt. — An abundant supplv 

 of both onions and leeks, and also a quanti- 

 ty of shallots and garlick. The leeks smal- 

 ler than in Britain. 



Asparaginous Plants, Salads, Sfc. — A few 

 artichokes, and some half-blanched celery, 

 lettuce, endive, lamb's lettuce, and other sal- 

 ads. The variety greater than in Britain, 

 the supply more abundant, and the quality 

 superior. 



Pot and Sweet Herbs. — Abundance of 

 parsley of a coarse sort, tarragon and all our 

 other aromatic herbs, capsicums in quanti- 

 ties, tomatos and egg-fruit. The variety and 

 supply both greater than in Britain. 



Fungi. — Abundance of mushrooms, and 

 some truffles. 



Fruits for Tarts and Piclcling. -Large 

 quantities of white cucumbers (concombres,) 

 of pickling cucumbers (comichons,) gourds, 

 and pumpkins in great variety, of all sizes, 

 but we did not observe the vegetable mar- 

 row. On a par with British markets. 



Fruit. — Abundance of apples, chiefly 

 Calvilles; and of pears, chiefly bon Chre- 

 tiens and bergamots; rock and Cantaloup 

 melons, Chasselas grapes, peaches, figs, and 

 plums ; pear-shaped sorbs, sold at about a 

 sous each ; and a great quantity of very ex- 

 cellent alpine strawberries. The last arti- 

 cle is the only one in which this market ex- 

 celled that of Covent Garden ; in all the oth- 

 er fruits it was much inferior- 

 Adjoining the market are shops, in which 

 are sold pistachios and other dried fruits, or- 

 anges, mits, &c. carrots, dried pears, plums, 

 apples and apricots. The onions and car- 

 rots are charred so as to become as black as 

 ink : this effect is produced by baking them 

 slowly in the oven, and taking them out at 

 intervals during several days. They are 

 used in cookery for coloring soups. 



Sprigs of orange tree in blossom are, we 

 were told, to be found in this market thro'- 

 out the year. These are considered essen- 

 tial accompaniments to the dress of bridal 

 parties; and although artificial flowers, per- 

 fumed with orange-water are semetimes em- 

 ployed by those who cannot afford the living 

 article, yet the latter is by far the most gen- 

 erally used. 



On the whole, the supplies of the Paris ve- 

 getable markets are inferior in point of ex- 

 cellence to those of London. The quality 

 and variety of fruits are greatly inferior, and 

 also the dryness and flavor of potatoes, and 



