Vol. 1.— No. 35. 



AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



27-i 



COMMUNICATION. 



ROCHESTER INSTITUTE — No. II. 



Formation op Character. — This greatly de- 

 pends on the views entertained, the feelings cher- 

 ished, and habits formed. Truth brought to bear 

 steadily on the understanding moulds the charac- 

 ter. Unkind and nervous feelings aggravated by 

 She neglect of exercise, and the use of Tea and 

 other narcotic articles are the bane of College, and 

 often render life wretched. Habits include every 

 thing — Mental habits are even more obstinate 

 than others. 



A celebrated Philosopher required pupils from 

 other schools to pay double, as it was more diffi- 

 cult to unlearn, than learn. That correct views of 

 until, a right state of the feelings, and good habits 

 may rapidly combine in the formation of charac- 

 ter, the students, resident in the village as well as 

 frSm all parts of the country, live in the same edi- 

 fice, all board at the same table, rely on their own 

 industry for support, and enjoy the same privi- 

 lege. Two results are visible; an unusual de- 

 gree of kind, and paternal feeling and happiness 

 prevail — and students distinguished by virtue, 

 exert great influence over their fellow students, 

 while those whose defects are prominent, appear 

 rather useless than injurious. The intercourse of 

 the students with the town is confined principally 

 to the house of worship,on the Sabbath. The In- 

 stitue by every method un ites Literature and Sci- 

 ence with the formation of estimable character. 



METEOROLOGICAL TABLE, 



FOR AUGUST. 



10 A. M. 



10 P. M. 



id 

 H 

 12 

 13 

 14 

 15 

 16 

 17 

 18 

 19 



70 



29>0 

 '4 29,50 



20 80 



21 87 29,35 

 22 



23 



24 64 29,50 



25 70 29,78 



26 68 29,76 

 »3 29,5 



28 70 29,65 



29 60 29,85 



30 64 29,85 

 :(1 76 29.80 



1 80 29,65 s E 



2 78 29,45 w 



3 68 29,51 n 

 ™ 39,60 .. 



5 70 29,50 n E 

 70 29,60 



29,65 



29,68 



29,60 



29,85 



29,78 



29,76 



29,70 



29,66 



29,55 



29,50 



29,52 



29,65 



29,51 



29,55 



f 



w 



N W 



W 



W 

 N W 

 N W 



W 



W 



W 



s w 



fair .!),:> - w rain 2-10 



rain 29,45 \ w do 1-00 



cloudy '■ i 09. "it. n fair 



fair 54 29,55 w do 



cloudy 57 29,50 w do 



fair 51 29,60 -. f. do 



do 62 29,65 n e rain 1-10 



do 6 129,58 ne do 1-10 

 rain 2-10 6629,65 w cloudy 



cloudy 63 29,80 w fair 



fair 65 29,70 w do 



do tiS 29,H6 N w do dry 



do 7029,66 w do 



do 74 29,55 \ w do 



do 76 29,5(1 * w do dry 



do 75 29,50 w do 



do 73 29,60 w do 



do 6-1 29,(35 . w do 



do ."2 29,55 w do 



dg 7. 29,45 s w do 



cloudy 76 29,30 w cloudy 



rain 2-10 6629,50 e do 



w fair 66 29,50 w fair* 



w do 56 29,70 w do 



w do 56 29,75 w do 



E rain 6729,60 s e rain 1-10 



rain 2-10 64 29,60 w do 



cloudy (6 29,72 w fair 



fair (629,85 s do 



do (2 29,86 w do 



u ««*.,u' do SI 29,72 \ e do 



Mean temperature at 10 A. M. 75 5-31. 

 10 P.M. 64 7-31. 

 Inches of rain, i 2-10. 



"Temperature of spring water, 7 feet deep, 60 

 degrees. 



Curious caution. — John G. Miller, in 

 the Cherry Valley Gazette says, " All 

 persons are hereby forbid marrying my 

 .1 mghter Betsey." 



MANAGEMENT OF FRUIT TREES. 



Mr. Fessenden — Seeing in a late num- 

 ber of your valuable paper, an extract from 

 the 'Genesee Farmer,' on the efficacy of the 

 application of soap in preventing the ravages 

 of caterpillars and other insects on fruit trees, 

 I am induced to mention the method which 

 for four years past, I have pursued with re- 

 gard to my peach, and other fruit trees on 

 my farm. 



The peaches I have annually topped down, 

 say two thirds of the previous year's growth, 

 and have found that this operation, invaria- 

 bly, has given increased strength to the stock, 

 .vigor to the lateral and bearing branches, 

 and protects the trees in a great measure, 

 from the violence of the wind. At every 

 time of trimming, I have given them a wash 

 of soap diluted to the consistency of common 

 paint (and this has been repeated twice dur- 

 ing the summer months) throughout the trunk 

 and branches, the branches from the manner 

 of penning, within reach of a short brush. 



There has been in my neighborhood this 

 season, great complaints of a blight on peach 

 trees, with a shedding of the fruit. On all 

 of mine thus treated, no blight has appeared. 

 and on those of them which blossomed, there 

 is now a fair quantity of fruit. I can acount 

 for this difference in no other way, than by 

 the manner of pruning and frequent applica 

 toin of soap wash. 



The ttnder shoots of some of my old, hea 

 ded down peach trees, were soon after thei 

 appearance, attacked by green lice, and pis 

 mires; I made the same application which 

 etfectually removed them. 



The same has been done to my apple or 

 chard [with the exception of topping] and I 

 am fully convinced, that nothing can be ap- 

 plied, which gives the bark so healthy an ap- 

 pearance, and so smooth a surface as the above 

 j treatment; the attack of the smallest insect 

 in summer is prevented by the alkili contain- 

 ed in the soap, and the smoothness of the 

 bark prevents the deposit of their eggs. 



I have likewise applied a strong decoction 

 of tobacco leaves which may be as effectual 

 against vermin, but not so beneficial to the 

 health of the tree. Your ob't. sei v't. 

 Wm. P. Endicott, 



Danvers, Aug. S, 1831. 



American Silk. — We had the pleasure a 

 few days since of examining a fine speci- 

 men of American sewing silk from Mans- 

 field, Con. The gentleman who exhibited 

 it has upwards of 10,000 skeins, for which 

 he finds a ready sale at about $8 50. He: 

 informs us that about five tans have beeni 

 raised in Mansfield this season, and the J 

 culture is rapidly extending in Coventry 

 and other neighboring towns. One gen- 

 tleman in Connecticut last year paid $ 1500 

 for white mulberry trees, with which he has 

 set out an orchard of one hundred acres. 

 About 1000 bushels of cocoons were sent 

 to Philadelphia last season, and were sold 

 at $3 per bushel. Competent foreigners 

 are now setting up machinery in Mansfield 

 for spinning and weaving the raw article, 

 which has made a great demand for co- 

 coons, and giving a spur to the business. 

 By means of machinery introduced a year 

 or two since, the value of the raw sdk has 

 been enhanced $1 per lb. The business 

 is managed almost exclusively by females. 



requiring very particular attention for only 

 two weeks each year. The sales of sew- 

 ing sdk in Mansfield alone this year are 

 estimated at upwards of $85,000. — JV. E. 

 Farmer. 



Horse-power — A new mode of applying 

 horse-power to move machinery has lately 

 been discovered by E. Geo. Page, a citi- 

 zen of this town. The horse is mounted 

 upon a band made of leather and narrow 

 pieces of plank, and this band passes 

 round two cylinders or drums, about two 

 feet apart, the axles of which are horizon- 

 tal, and one of them higher than the other. 

 The band is supported by small wheels, 

 which run on a railway placed under each 

 edge. The harness for the horse is at- 

 tached to an immovable post placed near 

 the lower cylinder. When made to draw, 

 the band moves backward under him ; the 

 moving of the band causes the cylinders to 

 revolve, and a gear being attached to one 

 of them, motion is thus communicated ,to 

 the machinery. It can be used to move 

 machinery constructed for almost any pur- 

 pose, but will probably be most used to 

 propel boats on rivers. It has not, as yet, 

 been applied to any purpose but sawing 

 wood, and this it performs with great expe- 

 dition. With two men to tend it, the pro- 

 prietor informs us, he can saw thirty cords 

 of a mixture of soft and hard wood in a 

 day, cutting it twice in two. The expense 

 of the band and other necessary machine- 

 ry is not great. — K. (JV. H.) Sent. 



DISCOVERY. 

 Mr. D. C. Tiere, states in the Buffalo Bulletin 

 that he discovered a substitute for hemp and flax 

 in a vegetable which grows at Syracuse. It was 

 cut down by a farmer mowing and fell into the 

 water. He obtained about 2 oz. of it near a yard 

 long, in the imperfect state and found it equal to 

 flax for strength and softness. He intends to 

 make a satisfactory experiment and communicate 

 the result. 



Died, in New Orleans, at the age of 84 

 years, Antonio Gonzalos, upwards of 50 

 years the proprietor of the old wooden buil- 

 ding at the corner of Custom house and 

 Levee streets in that city. The deceased 

 was a man of singular eccentric habits, and 

 although very wealthy, preferred to any 

 higher, the humble occupation of vender of* 

 apples and new laid eggs, for the supply of 

 which he kept a large number of fowls, but. 

 was never known to attact his poultry yard 

 for the gratification of his own appetite — 

 his great pleasure was in accumolating 

 ready money ; he is said to have succeeded 

 to admiration ; having left a large sum in 

 gold and silver, and the property in which 

 he lived to an adopted or illegitimate son. 

 The old hut in which he lived and died is of 

 great value, and will, it is supposed, at pub- 

 lic auction, fetch considerably upwards cl 

 $30,000 — it is said to have originally cost 

 him $600 ; so much for the increased and 

 increasing value of property in New Or- 

 leans. 



