Vol. 1.— No. SS. 



ANI> GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



29*J 



POTATOE CHEESE. 

 The following is the translation from the Rt 

 .- des Revues, mentioned in the communication 

 of Gen. Dearborn, to the EJitor of the New Eng- 

 land Farmer, which we published in the last Far- 

 mer: 

 FABRICATION OF CHEESE FROM POTATOES. 



In the Bulletin of the Societe D'Encour- 

 a^ement. for the month of September 1829, 

 is an article on the fabrication of cheese from 

 potatoes, of which the following is an ex- 

 tract, from the correspondence of M. Fan 

 renburg. 

 There is made in Thuringe and in a part of 

 Saxony, cheese from potatoes which is very 

 much esteemed ; this is the mode preparing 

 it. 



After having selected the best kind of po- 

 tatoes, the are boiled ; when cooled, they 

 are peeled and reduced to a pulp, either by a 

 grater, or in a mortar : to five pounds of the 

 puff, which should be equally fine and hum 

 ogeneous, is added a pound of sour milk ith 

 a sufficient quantity of salt; the whole is 

 well kneaded, then covered up and left to re- 

 pose for three or four days, according to the 

 season of the year : at the end of that time, 

 the mixture is again kneaded and then put 

 into small baskets, to divest it of the 

 superfluous humidity. Afterward it is pla- 

 ced in the shade to dry and then it is packed 

 in layers in large jars or casks, where it is 

 left for fifteen days. The older this cheese 

 grows the better it is. 



There are three kinds made: the first, 

 which is the most common, is prepared in the 

 proportions above named : the second, with 

 four parts of potatoes and two of curd; the 

 third with two pounds of potatoes and four 

 pounds of milk. 



The potatoe cheese has this advantage 

 over common cheese,it never engenders mag- 

 gots, and it keeps perfectly well for several 

 ■years, provided it is placed in a dry situa- 

 tion and in close vessels. 



I have repeated this experiment with the 

 proportions o( the second quality. This was 

 the method pursued. The potatoes were 

 boiled, peeled and crushed with the hands. 

 If the fabrication « as carried on extensively, 

 the machine used for reducing the potatoes 

 in distilleries, could be used. The milk «vas 

 heated, and curdled with vinegar, as no run- 

 net was at command. After this operation, 

 the milk was mixed with the potatoes; the 

 mass was salted, then it was passed through 

 a hair sieve, to pulverize it thoroughly andl 

 make the mixture perfect; this mass, cover- 

 ed with salt, was left for ten or twelve days in 

 an earthen pan; at this period it was distri- 

 buted, for want of baskets, on sieves, where 

 it drained and became moulded into regu- 

 lar forms. The sieves were lined with a lin- 

 en cloth before the mixture was put into 

 them. Fifteen days after this draining ope- 

 ration, which had been aided a little by pres- 

 sure, the cheeses were placed, enveloped in 

 their cloths, between osier hurdles and put 

 into the cellar. At this time the caseous fer- 

 mentation is well developed, and the cheeses 

 are yet very soft, and there is formed on the 

 surface a skin of mould. The cheese taste 

 is very sensible, and not disagreable, and 1 

 think this kind of cheese can be advantage- 

 ously made by the farmers. I now intend to 

 attempt drying the cheese in the shade. I 

 shall publish the result of this experiment, 

 which appears to me to be important to agri- 

 Cultural economy. 



From the New-York Former. 



THE COUNTRY FARMER— No. II. 



Mr. Fleet — Before advancing any far- 

 ther, let us, if you please, enter into an ex- 

 amination of the various and important du- 

 ties and employments, mental and bodily, of 

 the actual Farmer, tlie Husbandman, or of 

 >. Household of Husbandry. Few are they, 

 ofihe inhabitants of large towns, or cities, 

 or even of professional men, or men of any 

 other business, though residing around them, 

 who have any just conception of the mind, 

 and talents, and various information, with 

 constant care that is required in the direc- 

 tion of such an establishment. In general 

 terms, every body knows, that the business 

 of the Farmer, is, to make a living by the 

 cultivation of the earth. He is to raise ve- 

 getables, according to the soil, climate, and 

 the demand, or market, for the support of 

 his family, and, by prudence and economy,! 

 to increase in substance. Such is the brief 

 outline. Farmers, also, who will, who do 

 increase in substance, are obliged to prac- 

 tice the habits of economy, — to live like Far- 

 mers, — and hence are they often regarded 

 by their town acquaintances, as somewhat 

 parsimonious, ' as close as a Farmer,' or, per- 

 haps as 'saving and as stingy.' With an in- 

 tention to show, by-and-by, that these very 

 habits are very essential, but greatly under- 

 valued, part of the education of both sexes, 

 in reference to usefulness, and that there- 

 fore Husbandly is entitled to the greater re- 

 gaid, we pass to the proposed examination 

 of the business of Husbandry. 



Here is a Farm, of perhaps 50 to 100 acres 

 of arable land, — and most Farms are too 

 large, — which is to be managed, and worked 

 by the Family of the Husbandman. If well 

 distributed for a Farm, theie is woodland, 

 probably hill and dale, ledges of rock, a 

 brook, springs of water, soils of various qual- 

 ities, as clay, sand, gravel, loam, some dry 

 and warm, some cold and wet, rich or poor, 

 level or uneven, and the whole is, or is to be, 

 arranged into inclosures, or fields, by fen 

 ces. In this distribution, as in the siibse- 

 qent appropriations, much good sense is ne- 

 cessary, so as to adapt the soil to proper u- 

 ses, and the crops to the proper soils. We 

 will suppose the necessary fences made, and 

 the buildings erected, >viih Farm-house, barn, 

 sheds, out -houses, a Garden, well selected, 

 and found and stocked with fruit. That, 

 what rarely happens, there is a due propor- 

 tion of meadow-pasture, and arable soil, andl 

 the Farmer out of debt. Now for Farming.! 

 the out-door business, and. by-and-by for the i 

 dairy, and household manufactures, the, 

 branches of Husbandry for her of the in-' 

 door department. First, of the stock of the 1 

 Farm, cows, oxen, sheep, horses, geese, tur- 

 keys, ducks, and mynheer of the dunghill, I 

 all of which require some judgment, much 

 care, and at least as much good sense as the 

 stocks of the broker or the merchant. Each 

 must be in due proportion and kept so, ac- 

 cording to constantly varying circumstan- 

 ces. 



Then comes the proper crops, for conside- 

 ration, in which the time of the year is to be 

 considered, the chances estimated with those 

 of the seasons, and the weather, ever various, 

 as well as the market, or demand.? If, by un- 

 foreseen delays the time has elapsed, for one 

 thing, then what next is best, emergency up- 

 on emergency, for which every real Farmer 

 must be prepared. In my last No. I spoke 

 of the right time for doing things on a Farm, 



in order to indicate the importance of being 

 ready at the right time, in which very much 

 of the true wisdom of actual Farming con- 

 sists, a secret not yet known to the inexper- 

 ienced. The grass is to be cut, perhaps, the 

 grain, and other things harvested ; the fen- 

 ces must be attended to; the stock changed 

 from field to field, salted, nursed, and even 

 doctored ; and all this must be done at the 

 right time, or much loss is sustained. The 

 labor of the Farm must be directed aright, 

 in all these points; and here comes in the 

 use o( this 'Fly-wheel of the Farm,' the old 

 man whose eye must be upon every thing, 

 men, boys, cows, oxen, sheep, horses, the. 

 poultry, the growing and harvested crops, 

 fences, weeds, water, wind and weather ! — 

 Besides there is a time for marketing, as 

 well as for every thing else, and a right time 

 and a wrong time, which must not be lost 

 sight of, for this kind of vigilance is also a 

 part of good Husbandry. Can all these de- 

 tailsof business be attended toby a dunce; 

 or, rather,can they be.by any body but a man 

 of sense ? Farming is, in a greater degree 

 than almost any other, business of good 

 sense constantly in exercise. They who 

 lack this, however much learning they may 

 have, ate unsuccessful ?s Farmers, as well 

 they may be. That there are bad example? 

 of Farming I readily admit, as there are al- 

 so, in all sorts and kinds of business. — 

 There are drones, even, in a bee-hive, and 

 careless members of the most careful fami- 

 lies. To succeed in Farming, great care is 

 indispensible, with quite as much discretion, 

 and sound praclical good sense, as in anyof 

 the various business avocations of life. 



If such be the facts, — and for the truth of 

 them I appeal to all the common sense of 

 the country, — why is it, that, in all direc- 

 tions, our business is looked upon as one 

 that may be followed by any dull fellow, 

 without mind, or that so many such under- 

 take to become our teachers? Even before 

 they have found out that pigs, on paper, are 

 very different things to manage, from pigs 

 on a Farm '. It is time to speak plainly. I 

 shall do so, also, with my brother Farmers, 

 many of whom are too much inclined to run 

 into the extravagant customs of this age of 

 extra vagan e. Of all folly that merits the se- 

 verest reprehension, which would barter an 

 honest independence, and a life of active 

 usefulness, for the idle toys, and the mere 

 gewgaws of the folly of fashion. To guard 

 the young members of the Families of my 

 brother Farmers against the seductions of 

 the fashions of the age, is one purpose of 

 these numbers. The object, I know, is a 

 great and good one, in which the effort will 

 be seconded by all the honest good sense of 

 the country. Had I the fame of Washing- 

 ton, or of Cincinnatus, or of any or all of 

 those great men, who have gone from the 

 plough, to distintinguish themselves in the 

 field, no uncommon occurrence, I should 

 pride myself in using it all for this most no- 

 ble and holy purpose. The career of Agri- 

 culture, in our country, has much in it that is 

 brilliant; and much, alas ! of a tendency to 

 remind us of that melancholy picture of hu- 

 man life, by the great Captain and mastei 

 spirit of the age, 'From the sublime, to the. 

 ridiculous, is but a step.' 

 Sept. 5, 1831. 



JjT At the recent election in Charleston, S. C 

 the nullification party obtained a majority of 98 in 

 the citv. 



