;i02 



THE GENESEE FAR3IER 



September 24, 1831 



SWEET POTATOES. 



Mr. Russell — I send you with this a few 

 Sweet Potatoes, raised from slips purchased 

 at your seed store last spring. I am well sat- 

 isfied from three years' successful experience 

 that they can be raised with as much ease 

 and certainty as the common potatoe. I u- 

 sed no manure in their culture, but sand. — 

 They are not a sample of what I expect my 

 crop will be a month hence — I have used 

 them in my family, nearly every day since 

 the seventeenth of August, and consider 

 them the best vegetable I can raise In my 

 garden. 



Your new Ho ticultural Pole Bean has 

 proved far superior to any shell bean, I have 

 ever seen or cultivated, both for quality and 

 yield. The yield from them is immense. I 

 have given some to my neighbors to try their 

 quality, all of whom fully concur with me 

 that they are superior to any heretofore cul- 

 tivated. Yours fee 



A Houghton, Jr. 



Lynn, Sept. 3,1831. 



(jy* Mr. Houghton has our thanks for his 

 present — the potatoes have proved, on trial, 

 certainly inferior to none brought from the 

 South. — N. E. Farmer. 



CORN STALKS. 



One of the most palatable kinds of food 

 for horses and cows, is cornstalks, if well 

 cured. Most farmers are very particular in 

 curing hay, but ma; y ofthein are extremely 

 careless with their stalks, forgetting that if 

 they are badly cured, they are not only less 

 palatable, but less nourishing, and conse 

 quently inattention in this respect, is bad hus- 

 bandry. Many a farmer by properly curing 

 his stalks, could have had in the spring, a 

 few hundred of hay to sell instead of to buy. 

 — -N. Y. Farmer. 



ENLARGED FRUIT. 



One of the most pleasing and remarkable 

 sxperiments nude in horticulture, is that of 

 Pro. Poiteau, in the production of enlarged 

 peaches. He made an incision around the 

 limb of a peach tree, which, as has long 

 been known, will make the fruit larger. — 

 He took a bud from this branch and inocula- 

 ted another tree. The consequence is that 

 the fruit is of the same enlarged size as that 

 ofthe experimented branch. 



The soil best suited for Longevity in Fruit 

 Trees is a light sandy bottom, for instance, 

 the wood is never so strong as in strong loam, 

 and not so apt to be infested with the worm in 

 the roots; such soil as this, well cultivated ev- 

 ery year, they will maintain their vigor for 

 many years. 



What I mean by well cultivated is, the 

 ground kept continually removed by cropping 

 it with such crops as will tend to improve its 

 texture; such as potatoes, turnips, peas, 

 beans, fee, and every four or five years a 

 crop of buckwheat, to be ploughed in, when 

 in bloom ; this will be found to be of great 

 service to both land and trees ; as for corn, 

 clover, t'nnothy.orchard grass, and such like, 

 they ought never to be cultivated in an or- 

 chard. 



It is better to have 100 trees of good 

 kinds, such as you want them for, well cul- 

 tivated, than 500 or even 1000 neglected to 

 take their chance, as is often the case when 

 ground is cheap. 



Great care is required in preparing the 

 ground for at*, orchard.— American Farmer. 



Pasture of -Plants. — Every plant requites a 

 given quantity ofearth to nourish it,into which 

 its roots extend for that purpose; and the 

 quantity thus required is called the requis- 

 ite pasture of the plant. Some require more 

 earth and some less. Some require a great- 

 er superficial extent with less superficial ex- 

 tent. 



For instance a plant of Indian corn re- 

 quires a superficial extent of, say, three feet 

 in circumference, and a depth of six inches ; 

 while a root of the beet, carrot, or parsnip 

 kind, requires a superficial extent of, per- 

 haps, only twelve inches in circumference, 

 but a depth of, say, fifteen inches. A plant 

 of flax on the contrary, will not require more 

 than six inches in circumference, and five 

 inches in depth. 



It will probably be found, that the greater 

 depth is given to all plants, the less circum- 

 ference they will requre ; that the roots will, 

 in that case, shoot further downwards; and 

 therefore, the deeper you plough, the thicker 

 you may sow. This is a matter of nice cal- 

 culation, and well worth the attention of the 

 ingenious Farmer. 



In order to elucidate this, the proper me- 

 thod is, to try various plants in beds ofthe 

 same soil, culture, and dimensions, butdug 

 of different depths, and the plants set at dif- 

 ferent distances, and then the results will 

 lead to the truth. 



Thus, for instance, make four beds of 

 carrots, which shall be dug equally well eight 

 inches deep ; let the roots in the first bed 

 stand at the distance of four inches from 

 each other; those of the second, at the dis- 

 tance of six; those of the thud, at the dis- 

 tance of eight ; and those of the fourth, at 

 the distance of twelve inches; and then let 

 it be ascertained which bed has the greatest 

 weight of carrots. 



In the mean time, have four other beds 

 dug twelve inches deep ; and four more dug 

 eighteen inches deep and plant one of each 

 of them at the respective distances above 

 mentioned, and ascertain what is the 

 result of each. The same experiments can 

 be tried with equal exactness on most other 

 plants, and the results equally well ascer- 

 tained. — N. E. Far. 



after it is killed the better; and care mus? 

 be taken to defend it from the flies. 



In winter it will eat the shorter and ten- 

 derer, if i.ept a few days (according to the 

 temperature of the weather) until its fibre 

 has become short and tender, as these chan- 

 ges do not take place alter it has been ac- 

 ted upon by the salt. — Frugal Housewife. 



Poisoned Catile — The New Haven Ad- 

 vertiser gives t e I illowiog as a remedy for 

 !»heep or Cattle poisoned in consequence of 

 eating tv ild Cherry tree leave*, !iom Mr. 

 Samuel J. Tolly, of Saybrook. Take the 

 leavps of the common plantain, bruise and 

 pour on them a little hot water, strain the li- 

 quor, and, as soon as it is coul enough, it may 

 be used. I have had sheep apparently in the 

 agonies oi death, instantly relieved, and in a 

 few houts entirely cured, h) the above reme- 

 dy One gill is geneially a sufficient dose for 

 a sheep. Having never seen a bullock poi- 

 soned in a similai manner. I cannot answer for 

 tue suoc ss of it, but have no doubt that it 

 xould prove an erfei nial cure. 



Horses. — The season is fast approaching, 

 when farmers will take their horses from the 

 open field, where they have enjoyed free and 

 pure air, and confine them in stables. Here 

 they must in the best ventilated apartments, 

 inhale air far different from that in the fields. 

 Independent of the effect produced on the 

 air, by the exhalations from their lungs, 

 there arise vapor and gasses from the 

 pores of their skins, and their offal and 

 urine. Nitrogen, carbonic acid, and amon- 

 ical gasses are the principal ones formed, 

 and are the most deadly to animal life. — 

 Farmers often speak lightly of science — but 

 every farmer who is acquainted with chem- 

 istry, would see more clear and more forci- 

 bly the importance of ventilation. — N. Y. 

 Farmer. 



To Salt Meat. — In the summer season, es- 

 pecially, meat is frequently spoiled by the 

 cook forgetting to take out the kernels; one 

 in the udder of a round of beef, in the fat in 

 the middle of the round, those about the 

 thick end ofthe Hank, fee. : if these are not 

 taken out. all the salt in the world will not 

 keep the meat. 



In summer, the sooner the meat is sajted 



It is stated in the Springfield Republican, 

 that a Mi Jones, of Shrew-burv, N. J about 

 35 miles from New York, has the largest peach 

 orchard in. America One .ifihein is a mile 

 and a half ling, and contains 110 acres: the 

 other contains 40 acres— in both there are 

 "22.000 trees. They were commenced about 

 9)earssince and the profits ate fast raising 

 the enterprising owner from poverty to wealth. 

 It is said he last year refused seven thousand 

 dollars for the peaches on the trees. The 

 nip the present year is not so abundant, but 

 the price in market is sufficiently increased to 

 afford him a ha"dsome income. Aboul two 

 weeks since. Mr Jones, with some of his 

 neighbors, sent a cargo of four hundred bask- 

 ets to th.> New Yotk market, which readily 

 sold at two dollars a basket A basket con- 

 tains a httl ■ short of a biishpl Some of his 

 better peachps have since so'd quick at five 

 dollars r> basket. The soil if the-e orchaids, 

 *ays the R.-publican, is worth very little for 

 any purpose, and is poorer than the pine plains 

 in this vicinity. 



The Caterpillar. — Evil lidings never 

 come singly. In addition to the loss of the 

 rice crops, by the freshet, we have the most in- 

 dubitable evidence of 'he appearance ofthe 

 caterpillar in the cotton of John's Island and 

 Edislo, — a specimen having been left at our 

 office completely peiforated and destroyed by 

 this insect. The crops, it i« bought, will be 

 entirely lost — Charleston City Ga-.dtr. 



Tennessee Marble Mr. Cutler, a citi* 



zen of Nasbvillf, exhibited to us, says the 

 Nashville Republican, a specimen ol the most 

 beautifully variegated, semi transparent mar- 

 ble, and bearing a rich and aJmirable polish. 

 The quarry from which this specimen was la- 

 ken, was first discovered by Mr. Cutler, the 

 proprietor, it js situated near Big Harpeth. 

 about 11 miles from this place, and is said (o 

 be inexhaustible. The stone from this quarry 

 can beprocured.it is said, of various shades 

 and colors, some nearly resembling the vertl 

 antique, and all susceptible of the most beau- 

 tiful polis'i. Indeed, we have never seen any 

 ofthe productions of Ihe quarries in (he At 

 lantic Slates, any specimens comparable to 

 this for the rich variety of its shade. A ma- 

 chine is now in operation for sawing and pol- 

 ishing this article, and it can be procured for 

 acy or all the purposes for which it may h* 



