322 



TIIR GENKSRE FARMER 



October 15, 1831. 



nor from the superiority of the fruit from which 

 it is made, but from the superior manner in which 

 the articles of which it is composed are put toge- 

 ther. There are some house-keepers who exert 

 themselves to do all their work in the best man- 

 ner, even down to the minutest operation, and are 

 always pleased with any improvement in their do- 

 mestic concerns, while others distrust the very 

 • name of improvement, and are content to do all 

 their work as they were taught by their mothers 

 or grand-mothers, and look upon any attempt to 

 introduce alterations into their domestic coneerns 

 as treason against their umpire. Having learn- 

 ed the process by which some of the best house- 

 keepers in our acquaintance prepare the above, 

 we give it for the benefit of the whole. The best 

 fruit for making apple sauce is sweet apples of 

 good size ; let them be pared and quartered as for 

 drying, and spread until they have become of a 

 brown color quite through, or are what might be 

 called two thirds dry ; put them in a brass or cop- 

 per kettle, and pour over them new cider from 

 the press sufficient to cover them. Let them hang 

 over a gentle fire, and simmer for a couple of 

 hours, when they may be taken off and carefully 

 put in the cask where they are to remain. If a 

 few Quinces are added, the flavor is much impro- 

 ved. Sauce prepared by the above method, is 

 altogether preferable to that prepared with boiled 

 cider, which invariably contracts a bad flavor 

 from the vessel in which it is boiled ; and if the 

 apples are added in their green state, or as soon 

 as cut, they boil into a complete jam ; but if dri- 

 ed, they retain their shape and flavor, and by dry- 

 ing their juices are so much concentrated, that the 

 addition of sufficient cider for boiling them does 



than when ploughed in the spring. Potatoes 

 should be dug as early as is convenient, and 

 should be assorted for family use, for feeding the 

 hogs, and for planting. It is economy to pro- 

 cure the necessary fire wood required for the 

 family before winter, as much may be gathered up 

 in the fall when dry, that would be covered with 

 snow in the winter, and not thought worth collect- 

 ing. The article of fire wood forms a very im- 

 portant item in the list of family expenses, and 

 should be managed with economy. Collecting 

 apples and fruits for winter should be attended to 

 as soon as convenient. Apples gathered from the 

 tree before they are over ripe, keep better and long- 

 er than those which are allowed to hang on the 

 trees until frost bitten' The best method of keep- 

 ing apples is to pack them in dry sand; next to 

 that, spread them thin in a cool place. Where 

 farmers have large orchards, much labor is requi- 

 re ! this month, in attending to fruit, making ci- 

 der, &e. Every man who carries fruit to m&rket 

 should recollect that if it is worth carrying at all 

 itisioorth carrying withcare. Fruit thatistobe 

 carried any distance by land, should be packed in 

 chaff, fine straw, or grass, to prevent its being 

 bruised ; and unless it is worth this trouble, the 

 fanner had better stay at home. During this 

 month, most garden vegetables should be secur- 

 ed ; such as cabbages, beets, carrots, parsnips, 

 &c. Where the farmer has not cellar room suf- 

 ficient for storing his cabbage, most of them may 

 be secured in the garden ; and when the stumps 

 are not wanted, they should be buried with their 

 roots uppermost, as the heads will not be as apt 

 to rot as when set with the roots downward. — 

 Beets, carrots and parsnips should be put down 



not reduce them below what they would be if II in sand in the cellar. The last of this month is a 

 green apples were done in cider which had been ! proper season for transnl >nting most kinds of 

 reduced one half by evaporation. Those who fruit and forest trees, - vines, &c. Peach, 



prepare this article for market, will do well to ! Cherry, and Plum stones siiould be planted in the 



follow the above directions, as they will be sure 

 to command one quarter more in price, and a more 

 ready sale. 



WORK FOR OCTOBER. 

 October, like April, is a month of shine and 

 showers, and although farmers often consider their 

 great works closed for the season, before this 



fall. Beans are often neglected, and injured by 

 the fall rains ; they should be gathered as soon as 

 ripe. Young farmers should not neglect to im- 

 prove their evenings to the best advantage: well 

 selected books are always safe friends, therefore, 

 do not spend time in reading those which are only 

 calculated for amusement. Our country abounds 



with scientific publications, which may be obtain- 

 month commences, yet, this is a very important bu- ed at a cheaper iate 0an m any other country . so 



siness month. It frequently, and we think we that if our farmers will remain ignorant of their 



may say too frequently, happens that from some 

 cause or other, the season for sowing winter 

 grain is protracted into October, and when this 

 does so happen, it should be consideied the im- 

 portant business until completed : after which, a 

 multitude of small works claim the divided atten- 

 tion of every good husbandman. First, the har- 

 vesting of the Indian corn should not be neglect- 

 ed, when other business will allow time for it, 

 and those who would command the best pi ice for 

 their surplus, should never put it in large cribs 

 out of doors, as in that case, it keeps damp ton 

 and is apt to mould. Fattening hogs should 

 not be neglected, nor business allowed to press so 

 hard, as to be compelled to feed grain to them 

 without grinding and boiling. It should be par- 

 ticularly recollected, that during the months of 

 October and November, ground should be plough- 

 ed for spring crops. At this season of the year, 

 in strong and the weather cool ; and more- 

 over, sward grounds ploughed in the fall for spring 

 produce much better, and are easier tilled 



own business, it is their own fault. It is high 

 time that the prejudice which has prevailed in this 

 country against book-farming, as it has beencal- 

 le I, should be discountenanced, as there is no rea- 

 son which can be given, why a class of people so 

 important to the welfare of our country as the far- 

 mers, should be kept in ignorance. 



LARGE FRUIT. 



Among the various specimens of fine fruit' 

 which have been presented at the Arcade, the 

 week past were some Apples from the garden of 

 Mr. Benjamin Campbell, of this village; one of 

 which, measured sixteen inches in circumference, 

 and weighed twenty-five and a half ounces. 



Porter's Health Almanac;, containing 80 

 pages, I6mo. for 183-2; and published at Philadel- 

 phia, under the direction of the Physicians who 

 conduct the Journal of Health. This is a new 

 article, but a good one. 



The labors of the editors of the Journal of 

 Health, for two successive years have been known 

 and duly appreciated by the public ; and the present 

 manual designed for the benefit of the human 

 race, is worthy of the publishers, and of the cause 

 in which they ar« engaged. We intend, hereaf- 

 ter, to publish an extract from this work to show- 

 its utility. 



Labor saving Machines in England, in conse- 

 quence of the dense population, have driven many 

 of the laboring classes to desperation and starva- 

 tion. 



In America, however, no fears need be enter- 

 tained of people starving for work, if there should 

 be double the quantity of labor saving machines 

 that now exist. There is no danger of any being 

 red iced to distress by labor saving machines, while 

 aie Canals and lake vessels continue to trans 

 port the surplus population to western Ohio, Mich 

 igan or Indiana. 



MANDRAGORA or MANDRAKE. 

 This plant, which belongs to the 5th Class 

 Pentandria, Order Monogynia, it is said, grows 

 wild in the valley 'if the Genesee, betwei h Avon 

 and Mount Morris, and is called by some, Man- 

 root, (from the supposed resemblance which the 

 rool bears to the shape of a child, or perhaps from 

 the fabulous tradition of its uttering gro 

 perpetuated by Shakspeare,) as it is not found in 

 the immediate oi ighborhood of Rochester, the Ed- 

 itor would be willing to give a reasonable com- 

 pensation to any one who would forward him a 

 plant in proper order for setting out, 



TRANSFER VARNISH. 



This is a new article for the purpose of transfer- 

 ring prints to serap tables or boxes, and will be 

 found to be a very neat and convenient article. 



Directions for using — having your ground work 

 hard and smo' ith, lay on a coat of tins varnish, and 

 when nearly dry, while it remains taking, place 

 on the print 10 be transferred, ink downwards. — 

 The print should be first soaked, and then cleared 

 of the water; on the surface of the paper, when 

 properly placed, it may be pressed, or rolled down 

 with a round piece of wood, and the paper rubbed 

 off, with a wet sponge or the fingers. 



N. B. After standing '24 hours, the whole should 

 have a coat of white copal varnish. 



It is for sale by D Felt, Stationer, 245 Pearl 

 street, sole agent, New- York. 



A io York Market, Oct. 8. 



Floir. — Flour has continued to sell at about 

 previous rates, hut withless animation. W 

 Flour is in more request than other descriptions, 

 and common brands of Southern most neglected 

 Scratched Flour and every description of mid- 

 dlings are scarce, and comparatively high; — they 



vi been much wanted for the British Pro< 

 and for n p bread foi the same markets 



Rye Flour is very scarce, at an advance. Com 

 Meal in good demand, particularly in barrels. — 

 We quote — 



New-York,supf. brl $5 56 .. 5 62; Troy do.563 

 a 5 75; Western do. 5 81 a 6; Ohio, via canal, 

 :> 02 a ."> 68 ; Phil id< Iphi i, 5 87 ; Baltimore, city, 

 5 62 a j 75 ; do Howard-st tS 12 a 6 35 



53" Lieut. Haynes, of the Nay. has died of the 



yellow fever at P< c 



